Cladoniaceae

Big Hammock Nature Reserve

Big Hammock Nature Reserve

Loonshoekje, North Brabant, Netherlands

LichenGirraween National ParkGIR_170722_F07_VR

Loonshoekje, North Brabant, Netherlands

LichenGirraween National ParkGIR_170722_F07_VR

Loonshoekje, Noord-Brabant, Nederland

LichenGirraween National ParkGIR_170722_F07_VR

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of a low elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or less oriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habit exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). The lichen was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Shown with young leaves of Rumex scutatus.Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. (1865), syn.: Cladonia impexa Harm. (1907), Cladina portentosa (Dufour) Follmann, (1979)Reindeer lichenSlo.: ?Dat.: April 29. 2014Lat.: 46.36018 Long.: 13.69759Code: Bot_794/2014_DSC0673Habitat: at the foot of alow elevation scree slope, among small, retarded Picea abies and Fraxinus ornus trees, southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground, quite open, dry and sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 650 m (2.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nutrients poor sandy soil of scree ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, above abandoned farm house 'Strgulc', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This gray-green species of genus Cladonia, growing usually in 'broccoli-like pillows', is quite common locally. It can be found on dry, stony, deteriorating, long time ago abandoned pastures. Its main characteristics are rich, filigree branching and lack of tendency to one-sidedly oriented terminal branches with sharp apices (to the contrast to several other similar species where the branches' tips are more or lessoriented in the same direction). Growing was growing in several, mostly round patches in the vicinity. Round clumps measured up to 20 cm (8") in diameter and had about 5 cm (2") thicknesses. The largest 'continuous' mat found measured about 1 x 0.6 m (3 x 2 feet). Photographed species were in almost dry state. This determination seems quite probable but is not completely certain since no chemical tests have been made and several species with similar habitus exist.Ref.:(1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 142.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 319.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Vol. 1. Ulmer (1995), p 334.(4) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Cladonia_portentosa.html Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 and Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5

Rock Springs Mobile Home Park, Florida, United States

Wellfleet, Massachusetts, United States

LichenGirraween National ParkGIR_170722_F03_VR