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Comprehensive Description

provided by Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
Amblyrhynchotes honckenii (Bloch)

A 1α completely covers A 2α posterodorsolaterally. The ventral bundle of A 1β is well developed, and reaches as far as the rear of the orbit posteriorly. The separation of the two bundles of A 2α is more distinct, and A 2β is not as well developed. The anterolateral bundle of the dilatator operculi inserts on the anterodorsal face of the opercle and subopercle.

The pharyngoclavicularis externus consists of two parts, the anterior inserting on basibranchial 3 (where it is partly confluent with the pharyngoclavicularis internus), the posterior part inserting on the anteroventral face of ceratobranchial 5. The obliquus posterior is well developed, and distinct from the sphincter oesophagi. The inclinator analis to the first ray now inserts on the cartilagenous distal pterygiophore and not on the base of the first ray. The infracarinalis medius is somewhat distinct. It attaches anteriorly to the posteroventral tip of the cleithrum, and becomes continuous with the longitudinal cutaneous in the midregion. It separates from the cutaneous again posteriorly to attach to the first anal pterygiophore. The hypochordal longitudinalis inserts on rays D 2–4, while the transversus caudalis inserts on rays V 2–3.

Colomesus psittacus (Bloch and Schneider)

A 1α and A 1β are as for A. honckenii. A 2α, which is not particularly well separated into two heads, has a high dorsal origin from the ventral surface of the lateral process of the hyomandibular, and has increased in bulk. A 2β has expanded across what was the dilatator fossa, and extends its origin posterodorsally onto the sphenotic, the posterior tip of the frontal, the supraoccipital, epiotic, and pterotic. The dilatator operculi is well developed, and inserts on the anterodorsal face of the subopercle, posterodorsal interopercle, and the opercle. Origin has greatly expanded to include the dorsal faces of the prefrontal, frontal, supraoccipital, epiotic, and pterotic. The anterior fibers cover the posterodorsomedial fibers of A 2β. The hyomandibular is not included in the sites of origin. The levator arcus palatini is very small.

There is no section of the hyohyoidei abductores to the fourth ray. The posteroventral bundle of the semicircular portion of the hyohyoidei adductores attaches to the ventrolateral face of the fourth radial. Two slips of fibers pass inward to the medial face of the posterodorsal bundle. One passes dorsomedially to attach to the posteromedial face of epibranchial 3, the other passes posteroventrally to fade out lateral to the pharyngoclavicularis internus. Both lie lateral to the posterior fibers of levator externus IV.

There are no fibers from levator externus I to epibranchial 2, and only a few from levator II to the fascia between epibranchials 2 and 3. No other fibers attach to epibranchial 3. Levator externus IV is well developed. No lateral bundle of transversus dorsalis II was found, but it may be represented by a dorsomedial bundle which passes out laterally to join the posterodorsal part of the hyohyoidei adductores.

The hypochordal longitudinalis inserts on rays D 2–4, while the transversus caudalis inserts on rays V 2–3. The flexor ventralis externus inserts on the bases of rays V 1–3, and its origin is expanded distally onto the haemal spines.
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bibliographic citation
Winterbottom, Richard. 1974. "The familial phylogeny of the Tetraodontiformes (Acanthopterygii: Pisces) as evidenced by their comparative myology." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-201. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.155

Amblyrhynchotes honckenii

provided by wikipedia EN

Amblyrhynchotes honckenii, known as the evileye pufferfish, evileye puffer or evileye blaasop, is a species of fish on the genus Amblyrhynchotes.[3] It was first described by Marcus Elieser Bloch in 1785.[4]

Description

Amblyrhynchotes honckenii has a big head that tapers to a narrow tail. It grows up to 25 cm (9.8 in) long. The head is bluntly rounded with high set eyes and a small mouth. The eyes are deep blue or green in colour with a yellow or orange iris. The upper parts of the body range from black to dark brown to dark green in colour and is covered in pale yellow or white blotches, although juveniles tend to be paler than adults. The lower part of the body is white. Some individuals have a yellow line dividing the darker and paler parts of the body. Both parts are covered in small spikes. These are most noticeable when the fish is inflated, particularly on the stomach.[5]

All the fins are fleshy. The pectoral fins are large and pale yellow. The pectoral and caudal fins are also pale yellow. The anal fins are usually white, but they turn yellow in breeding males.[5]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to the Indo-West Pacific,[3] from South Africa to China.[4] It is most common in areas where the sea floor is covered in fine sand, particularly in areas that are near reefs.[5]

Ecology

This species spends much of its time buried in sand with only the head sticking out. When startled, it will typically inflate and hang in the water before suddenly defalting and rapidly swimming away.[5]

Toxicity

Its flesh is poisonous to humans and other animals.[3] It is also poisonous to humans when touched with bare skin.[5]

Conservation

It is classed as being of "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b "Amblyrhynchotes honckenii (Evileye Blaasop, Evileye Puffer, Evileye Pufferfish)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 26 July 2018.old-form url
  2. ^ Bloch, M. E.; 1785: D. Marcus Elieser Bloch's, ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin ... Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische Berlin. Parts 1-3: 522pp. BHL
  3. ^ a b c "Evileye pufferfish Amblyrhynchotes honckenii". Two Oceans Aquarium. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Amblyrhynchotes honckenii summary page". FishBase. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  5. ^ a b c d e Zsilavecz, Guido (2005). Coastal fishes of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay : a divers' identification guide. Cape Town: Southern Underwater Research Group. ISBN 0-620-34230-7. OCLC 70133147.
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Amblyrhynchotes honckenii: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Amblyrhynchotes honckenii, known as the evileye pufferfish, evileye puffer or evileye blaasop, is a species of fish on the genus Amblyrhynchotes. It was first described by Marcus Elieser Bloch in 1785.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Common in tide pools, estuaries, and in the sea to depths of 400 m. Very poisonous, not touched by fishes and sea birds. Hands should be washed after handling this fish.

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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Edward Vanden Berghe [email]