dcsimg

Diagnostic Description

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Head large without deep occipital groove. Vertebrae 37-39 (11-13 precaudal and 25-27 caudal).
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Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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Life Cycle

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The young are pelagic until attaining a length of 3 cm.
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Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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Trophic Strategy

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General migration towards the shore during summer, where it can enter estuaries.
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Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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Biology

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Common on sandy grounds, sometimes on rocky bottoms, and also on mud between coastline to 140 m depth. Up to depth of 340 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on crustaceans, mostly shrimps and shore crabs; fishes, mostly gobies, flatfish, young herring and sand eels. Makes croaking sounds (Ref. 9987). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten fried and baked (Ref. 9987).
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Recorder
Rainer Froese
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Importance

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fisheries: commercial
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Rainer Froese
original
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partner site
Fishbase