dcsimg

Diagnostic Description

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Disk broad with long sharply pointed wings and projecting snout. Tail very long, Few middorsal spines on disk in adults (Ref. 7251). Greyish, reddish chocolate or dusky brown above. Lower surface either pure white or whitish. Teeth green (Ref. 6902).
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Recorder
Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes
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Life Cycle

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Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
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Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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Trophic Strategy

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Found frequently in coastal waters to 10 m depth, mainly in shallow estuaries. Capable of travelling long distances, occasionally leaps out of the water. Swims in midwater. Cruises slowly over the bottom, rooting out bivalves with its beak and wings when feeding.
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Recorder
Drina Sta. Iglesia
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Biology

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Found frequently in coastal waters to 10 m depth, mainly in shallow estuaries. Capable of traveling long distances, occasionally leaps out of the water. Swims in midwater. Cruises slowly over the bottom, rooting out bivalves with its beak and wings when feeding (Ref. 7251). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
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Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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cc-by-nc
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FishBase
Recorder
Susan M. Luna
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partner site
Fishbase