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Description

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Batrachoseps simatus is a slender salamander. Adults measure from 41-56 mm in snout-vent length (Stebbins 2003), and 90-130 mm in total length (Petranka 1998). In comparison to other species in the genus Batrachoseps, this species has a slightly flatter head and body, with relatively longer limbs and a narrower head (Petranka 1998). B. simatus has 20 to 21 costal grooves and seven to nine costal folds (Petranka 1998). The ground coloration is black, with faint bronze or reddish patches that may meld into a faint dorsal stripe (Petranka 1998). The ventrum has small light speckles (Stebbins 2003). In males, the premaxillary teeth are enlarged and protrude from the lip (Petranka 1998).
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Distribution and Habitat

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The Kern Canyon Slender Salamander is distributed from the Kern River Drainage in south Sierra, CA to just south of the Johnsondale Bridge in Tulare, CO, and on Breckenridge Mountain, in Kern County, CA. (Stebbins 2003). It has been found at elevations ranging from 330 m to 1920 m (Stebbins 2003). B. simatus lives in isolated colonies near streams in shaded, narrow canyons and on ridges and hillsides, particularly those facing north (Petranka 1998). It can be found under logs, particularly after rains, as well as under rocks and talus (Petranka 1998).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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There is one report from Breckenridge Mountain of a female laying eggs in mid-June (Stebbins, 2003)[3260].
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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This species has a restricted distribution.
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Kern Canyon slender salamander

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The Kern Canyon slender salamander (Batrachoseps simatus) is a plethodontid salamander.

Distribution

The Kern Canyon slender salamander is endemic to California, in Kern County in the western United States.[1]

This salamander is endemic to and only found in the forested regions of the southern Sierra Nevada south of the Lower Kern River. Much of the salamander's habitat is in the Sequoia National Forest between Bakersfield and Lake Isabella.

Description

The Kern Canyon slender salamander is dark brown in color with bronze and reddish spots covering its 2-inch length. Like other plethodontids it lacks lungs and breathes through its skin, which it must keep moist. It lives in damp leaf litter and emerges during high humidity or rain, and stays dormant in underground holes and crevices during the dry season. It is similar to the Tehachapi slender salamander.

Conservation

Batrachoseps simatus is considered a California endangered species, and is an IUCN Red List Vulnerable species.[1] The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has petitioned to list the Batrachoseps robustus, Batrachoseps simatus, and Batrachoseps relictus as a threatened species.[2]

References

California Department of Fish and Game 1987 [3]

  1. ^ a b . icun: B. simatus . accessed 12.2.2010
  2. ^ Baucum, Madonna (18 October 2022). "Department of the Interior" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentVersionID=55769

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Kern Canyon slender salamander: Brief Summary

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The Kern Canyon slender salamander (Batrachoseps simatus) is a plethodontid salamander.

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