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Description

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Gastrotheca trachyceps is a marsupial frog with snout-vent lengths (SVL) up to 50.0mm in males and 67.9 mm in females. Their heads are characterized as slightly wider than long with a bluntly round snout from the dorsal view and truncate snout from the profile. This species has an interorbital distance that is twice the width of the eyelid, and an eye diameter that is approximately equal to the distance between the eye and the nostril. Gastrotheca trachyceps have long tibias that measure approximately half the SVL and long feet that are just slightly shorter than the tibias. The skin of G. trachyceps is smooth on the dorsum but co-ossified with the head. Relative finger lengths are 1 = 2 < 4

References

  • Acosta-Galvis, A. R. (2000). ''Ranas, salamandras y caecilias (Tetrapoda: Amphibia) de Colombia.'' Biota Colombiana (available online as .pdf), 1, 289-319.
  • Castro, F., Lynch, J. (2004). ''Gastrotheca trachyceps.'' IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.1
  • Duellman, W.E. (1987). ''The taxonomic status of populations of hylid marsupial frogs referred to Gastrotheca argenteovirens (Boettger). .'' Journal of Herpetology, 21(1), 38-47.
  • Hertwig, I., and Sinsch, U. (1995). ''Comparative toe pad morphology in marsupial frogs (genus Gastrotheca): arboreal vs. ground-dwelling species.'' Copeia, 1995, 38-47.
  • Wiens, J.J., Kuczynkski, C.A., Duellman, W.E. & Reeder,T.W. (2007). ''Loss and re-evolution of complex life cycles in marsupial frogs: does ancestral trait reconstruction mislead.'' Evolution, 61(8), 1886-1899.

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Distribution and Habitat

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Gastrotheca trachyceps occurs within the Northwestern Andean montane forests ecoregion. This species is currently known solely from the region of the type locality, Cerro Munchique on the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental, in Cauca Department, Colombia. The estimated elevation range of the species lies between 2170 - 2540 m. All known occurrences are within the Parque Nacional Natural Munchique (Acosta-Galvis 2000; Castro and Lynch 2004). It is possible that this species range extends beyond the type locality, however detailed surveys for this species have not been performed. Additionally, based upon altitude preferences and the limited extent of preferential habitat, it is unlikely that the G. trachyceps’ total area extent exceeds 5000 km2 (Castro and Lynch 2004).This frog is frequently found upon shrub or tree vegetation, most often in subtropical or tropical moist montane forests as well as sub-tropical or tropical high-altitude paramo (Duellman 1987). Gastrotheca trachyceps most commonly occurs in forest interiors or forest edges, in forest understory or middle-tier vertical location under the canopy. The species has both terrestrial and arboreal traits. Densities are greatest near forest streams; moreover, G. trachyceps may also be found on shrubs in paramo type habitat as long as bromeliads are present, especially in proximity to surface water sources. The species is commonly found hiding in bromeliads that are in turn situated on shrubs or trees (Castro and Lynch 2004).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Although there is no detailed long-term population study data for G. trachyceps, the species population is thought to be in decline due to deforestation and subsequent habitat loss and fragmentation for timber and agricultural development. While much of G. trachyceps habitat is under protection as a national park, there are limited resources for enforcement of protections. There are currently no specific conservation measures for this species (Castro and Lynch 2004).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Genus Gastrotheca contain most of the marsupial frogs, which are characterized by the presence of a dorsal brood pouch in females. Eggs may be fertilized upon the lower back of the female, and then inserted into the brood pouch. After fertilization, eggs stay in contact with the female vascular tissue, which tissue provides the eggs with an oxygen supply. As with other marsupial frogs, the essential element of reproduction is direct development, with each egg retained in the female pouch female until the offspring is hatched. After developing to the tadpole stage in the female pouch, the tadpoles are deposited in ponds or stream pools (del Pino et al 1975).
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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps és una espècie de granota de la família Amphignathodontidae. És endèmica de Colòmbia. El seu hàbitat natural inclou montans tropicals o subtropicals secs i prades tropicals o subtropicals a gran altitud. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps és una espècie de granota de la família Amphignathodontidae. És endèmica de Colòmbia. El seu hàbitat natural inclou montans tropicals o subtropicals secs i prades tropicals o subtropicals a gran altitud. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps

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Gastrotheca trachyceps is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to the Cauca Department, Colombia,[3][4] and is known from its type locality, Cerro Munchique in the Cordillera Occidental, and Vereda Santa Elena (Popayán) in the Cordillera Central.[1] The specific name trachyceps is said to be derived from Greek trachy meaning "rough" and Latin ceps meaning "head", in reference to the rough appearance of the head.[2] The proper word in Latin for head, however, is caput.[5] The common name Cerro Munchique marsupial frog has been coined for it.[1][3][6]

Description

Adult males measure about 50 mm (2.0 in) (based on the sole male in the type series) and adult females 40–68 mm (1.6–2.7 in) in snout–vent length. The head is slightly wider than it is long. The snout is bluntly rounded in dorsal view and truncate in profile. The tympanum is brown. The finger discs are much wider than the digits; the toe discs are noticeably smaller than those on the fingers. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are about one-third webbed. The dorsum is green or brown, typically with dark brown longitudinal paravertebral markings and/or dark flecks. A pale dorsolateral stripe is present, and a pale supra-cloacal stripe is often present. The flanks are brown or green, and the groin is blue with black spots. The ventrum is pale creamy gray with dark flecks.[2][6]

Habitat and conservation

Gastrotheca trachyceps occurs on vegetation and next to streams inside forest and at the forest edge 2,170–2,768 m (7,119–9,081 ft) above sea level. It uses bromeliads as refuge and can also occur in paramos as long as there are bromeliads; it has also been recorded in a pasture next to a stream. The female broods the eggs in her pouch until they hatch.[1]

This species is only known from two localities. It was reported as relatively common at the type locality, but recent surveys have failed to locate it. Even though the type locality is entirely within the Munchique National Park, cultivation of illegal crops is causing habitat loss; spraying these crops with glyphosate may have impacted this species. The second population in Vereda Santa Elena was discovered in 2005, but an intensive survey in 2016 recovered only one individual. In this locality, Gastrotheca trachyceps is threatened by the establishment of eucalyptus plantations and the use of pesticides on these plantations.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2017). "Gastrotheca trachyceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T55362A85898448. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T55362A85898448.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Duellman, William E. (1987). "The taxonomic status of populations of hylid marsupial frogs referred to Gastrotheca argenteovirens (Boettger)". Journal of Herpetology. 21 (1): 38–47. doi:10.2307/1564375. JSTOR 1564375.
  3. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Gastrotheca trachyceps Duellman, 1987". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  4. ^ Acosta Galvis, A. R. & Cuentas, D. (2017). "Gastrotheca trachyceps Duellman, 1987". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.07.2017.0. www.batrachia.com. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  5. ^ Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  6. ^ a b "Gastrotheca trachyceps Cerro Munchique marsupial frog". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary

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Gastrotheca trachyceps is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to the Cauca Department, Colombia, and is known from its type locality, Cerro Munchique in the Cordillera Occidental, and Vereda Santa Elena (Popayán) in the Cordillera Central. The specific name trachyceps is said to be derived from Greek trachy meaning "rough" and Latin ceps meaning "head", in reference to the rough appearance of the head. The proper word in Latin for head, however, is caput. The common name Cerro Munchique marsupial frog has been coined for it.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps es una especie de anfibios de la familia Amphignathodontidae. Es endémica de Colombia. Su hábitat natural incluye montanos tropicales o subtropicales secos y praderas tropicales o subtropicales a gran altitud. Está amenazada de extinción por la pérdida de su hábitat natural.

Referencias

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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps es una especie de anfibios de la familia Amphignathodontidae. Es endémica de Colombia. Su hábitat natural incluye montanos tropicales o subtropicales secos y praderas tropicales o subtropicales a gran altitud. Está amenazada de extinción por la pérdida de su hábitat natural.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( Basque )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps Gastrotheca generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Hemiphractidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps Gastrotheca generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Hemiphractidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( French )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Hemiphractidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce est endémique du département de Cauca en Colombie[1]. Elle se rencontre de 2 170 à 2 540 m d'altitude sur le versant pacifique du Cerro Munchique dans la cordillère Occidentale.

Description

Les mâles mesurent jusqu'à 50,0 mm et les femelles jusqu'à 67,9 mm[2].

Publication originale

  • Duellman, 1987 : The Taxonomic Status of Populations of Hylid Marsupial Frogs Referred to Gastrotheca argenteovirens (Boettger). Journal of Herpetology, vol. 21, no 1, p. 38-47.

Notes et références

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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( French )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Hemiphractidae.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( Portuguese )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Hemiphractidae.

É endémica da Colômbia.

Os seus habitats naturais são: regiões subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de alta altitude e campos de altitude subtropicais ou tropicais.[1]

Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.[1]

Referências

  1. a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2017). «Gastrotheca trachyceps». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2017: e.T55362A85898448. doi:. Consultado em 17 de novembro de 2021
  2. Duellman, William E. (1987). «The taxonomic status of populations of hylid marsupial frogs referred to Gastrotheca argenteovirens (Boettger)». Journal of Herpetology. 21 (1): 38–47. JSTOR 1564375. doi:10.2307/1564375
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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Hemiphractidae.

É endémica da Colômbia.

Os seus habitats naturais são: regiões subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de alta altitude e campos de altitude subtropicais ou tropicais.

Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.

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Gastrotheca trachyceps ( Vietnamese )

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Bài viết này cần thêm chú thích nguồn gốc để kiểm chứng thông tin. Mời bạn giúp hoàn thiện bài viết này bằng cách bổ sung chú thích tới các nguồn đáng tin cậy. Các nội dung không có nguồn có thể bị nghi ngờ và xóa bỏ.

Gastrotheca trachyceps là một loài ếch trong họ Hemiphractidae. Chúng là loài đặc hữu của Colombia. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của nó là các khu rừng vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới và đồng cỏ ở cao nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Loài này đang bị đe dọa do mất môi trường sống.

Nguồn

Chú thích

Tham khảo


Bài viết Họ Nhái sừng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Gastrotheca trachyceps: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Gastrotheca trachyceps là một loài ếch trong họ Hemiphractidae. Chúng là loài đặc hữu của Colombia. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của nó là các khu rừng vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới và đồng cỏ ở cao nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Loài này đang bị đe dọa do mất môi trường sống.

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