Ololygon flavoguttata (Lutz & Lutz 1939)

Coastal southeastern Brazil from the State of Espírito Santo, south to the State of Santa Catarina.

Original description of the holotype Vomerine teeth in two, short, heavy, separated groups, between the choanae. Tongue rounded, with a shallow notch behind, irregularly grooved on top, posterior border slightly free. Snout oval, truncated at the tip, upper jaw projecting considerably. Canthus rostralis curved, rather indistict, loreal region excavated just below the canthus, then sloping out to the upper lip. Nostrils wide apart, open above, thickened on the outside and front. Interorbital space only slightly broader than that between the nostrils. Eye large, prominent. Typanum small, very distinct, its diameter equal to 2/5 that of the eye. A short ridge above it. Lateral fingers with a rudimentary web; 4th longer than 2d, not reaching the base of the disk of the 3d, wich almost covers the tympanum; no projecting pollex-rudiment. Subarticular tubercules moderate. Toes unequally webbed, web rudimentary between 1st and 2d; more than 1/2 between the others; 5th toe much longer than 3d; an oval inner and a small, round, outer, metatarsal tubercule. Disks spatulate, with longitudinal folds in the flesh below. No dermal appendage on heel. Tibiotarsal articulation reaching between the eye and the tip of the snout. Head oval, flat, constricted at the neck. Body elongate. Skin very warty above, with tubercules of different sizes, disseminated, in more or less longitudinal rows, on the head and body, densely so on the upper eyelids, occiput, tympanic, dorso-lateral and especially peri-anal region, also short glandular folds; a few granulations on limbs. Skin of chest, belly, distal and lower aspects of thigh coarsely granular, of gula less so, with shiny light dots. Dimensions (in mm): Snout to vent: 42; head length: 15; head width: 15; fore limb: 29; hind limb: 68; femur: 19; tibia: 21; foot: 28. Colour : The specific name is derived from the vivid, round (cadmium or orange-yellow), drop-like, spots, on the concealed parts of the thigh and leg and adjacent surfaces of the sides of the body. They vary in number and size, but are quite constant and typical. In the type, and most specimens, the dorsal ground colour is dark brown, with irregular markings on the head and body, and very distinct cross-bands on the limbs, to the tip of the digits. lateral region. Under side vermiculated in brown or sepia, on paler (cream) ground. Iris golden, with dark brown reticulation in the peripheral zone. In spirits the yellow drops fade, leaving clear spaces; the warts are darker than the ground-colour; the general aspect is typical. Larval morphology The tadpoles present a globe-shaped, slightly depressed body; snout a little truncate in dorsal view; dorsolateral eyes, apart from one another 2.7 times the diameter of their orbits and twice this diameter apart from the snout; round, dorsal nostrils with a relatively minor opening, two times further from the snout than from the eyes; short, sinistral spiracle tube facing up and backwards, with a relatively narrow opening, placed below the median body line, approximately two times further from the snout than from the vent; short anal tube, attached to the ventral fin right side, with an opening at the same side; tail representing 66% of the total length, with its height corresponding to one and a half times the height of the body; the dorsal fin a little more developed than the ventral fin, emerging from the second third of the body; both fins having an arched contour, reaching their biggest height at approximately half of the total length, ending the tail in a thin and round tip; ventral mouth corresponding to a little more than half the width of the body, presenting a well developed triangular dermic fringe surrounded by two rows of conic papillae and many lateral papillae; dental formula 2 (2)/3; black, hard corneous beak with a knurled edge; round jaw with a median downwards projection; mandible "V" shaped. Dimensions of the tadpoles: (mean given in millimeters of N=8 tadpoles at stage 36, from Teresopolis): Total length: 30,3 ± 0,7 (28,0-34,0); body length: 11,0 ± 0,2 (10,1-12,0); body width: 7,8 ± 0,1 (7,4-8,3); body depth: 6,8 ± 0,1 (6,3-7,4); spiracle-snout distance: 7,9 ± 0,1 (7,7-8,4); interorbital distance: 3,5 ± 0,1 (3,1-4,2); eye diameter: 1,3 ± 0,0 (1,2-1,3); eye-snout distance: 3,0 ± 0,1 (2,8-3,3); internarial distance: 3,1 ± 0,1 (2,8-3,4); nostrils diameter: 0,3 ± 0,0 (0,2-0,4); tail height: 8,1 ± 0,2 (7,1-9,2); mouth width: 3,5 ± 0,3 (1,2-4,0). Color of the living tadpoles: Dorsal face: yellowish-light brown body (Fig. 8), covered with few golden spots, concentrated mainly at the region between the eyes and the nostrils, forming two golden lunules touching one another on their tips, with the concave portion headed forward. The lunules are not clearly seen due to the light color of the tadpoles. Pale yellow transparent snout. Ventral face: in ventral view the body is transparent, allowing the intestines, heart and gills to be identified. The lateral region to the branchial chambers shows a certain dark pigmentation. Lateral face: the tail is transparent with yellowish, greenish or reddish reflexes, covered by a dark punctuation forming characteristic spots which become neater as the metamorphosis period approaches. Golden iris with black vermiculation. Variation in the color of the tadpoles: the body may present a brown color. The spots of the tail may become very dense, providing a darker aspect. A pattern of transversal bands is more rarely formed. The golden lunules may not exist. At night the tadpoles assume a much lighter color, looking more grayish or yellowish and transparent. The lunules loose their brightness, although remaining visible.

LC. Least Concern.

Ololygon flavoguttata is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.