Comments
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The fruit are edible.
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Comments
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The young branches are usually lopped for fodder. The fruit is also eaten raw or cooked in curries.
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Description
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Trees, 4-10 m tall, crown elongated and wide, d.b.h. 10-15 cm; dioecious. Bark grayish brown, rough. Branchlets reddish brown, 1-1.5 cm thick, leafless in middle of stem, pubescent. Stipules reddish purple, triangular-ovate, 1.5-2 cm, adaxially shortly pubescent. Leaves alternate; petiole thick, 5-8 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate-cordate, 15-55 × (10-)15-27 cm, thickly papery, abaxially with short spreading pubescence, adaxially glabrous or puberulent on midvein or secondary veins, base cordate to occasionally rounded, margin regularly shallowly dentate, apex obtuse and mucronate; basal lateral veins 4-6, secondary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midvein, abaxially prominent, and adaxially slightly impressed or flat. Figs on specialized leafless branchlets at base of trunk and main branches, reddish brown, pear-shaped, depressed globose, or top-shaped, with 8-12 conspicuous longitudinal ridges, 3-5(-6) cm in diam., white, shortly pubescent when young, glabrescent when mature; peduncle (2-)4-6 cm, thick, pubescent; involucral bracts triangular-ovate; apical bracts in 4 or 5 rows, broadly triangular-ovate, imbricate, rosulate. Male flowers: sessile; calyx lobes 3, transparent, spatulate, thinly membranous; stamens 2; filaments long; anthers ovoid. Gall flowers: calyx lobes 3, apically free, ± covering ovary; style lateral, hairy; stigma enlarged. Female flowers: pedicellate or sessile; calyx lobes 3; ovary ovoid; style lateral, longer than in gall flowers, with hairs. Achenes with adherent liquid. Fl. Aug-Mar, fr. May-Aug.
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Description
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A large shrub or small, evergreen tree, 3-10 m tall, with wide spreading crown. Trunk short, stout, c. 1.5 m in circumference, bark warty, pale-grey or, young twigs pubescent, hollow. Leaves with 2.5-10 (-15) cm long petiole; lamina broadly ovate to rotundate-ovate,10-30 (-36) cm long, (5-) 8-30 cm broad, 51-costate at the cordate base, entire or shallow toothed, acute to shortly acuminate or subobtuse, glabreacent to glabrous above, softly pubescent beneath, lateral nerves 34 pairs, bulging on both sides, intercostals almost parallel; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 12-25 (-30) mm long, softly hairy. Hypanthodia on 20-30 mm long, stout, pubescent peduncles, borne in bunches on leafless, short branchlets from trunk or main branches (cauliflorous), broadly binate turbinate or depressed globose, longitudinally 8.12-ribbed, 2-2.5 cm across, pubescent, subtended by 3, large, triangular-ovate basal bracts, apical orifice with 5-6 triangular bracts. Male flowers: sessile, ostiolar, in several whorls; large, inflated, imbricate; stamens 2 (-3), filaments much longer than anothers. Gall flowers in lower part of male hypanthodium, with 2-3-lobed calyx. Female flowers: subsessile to pedicellate; sepals united, 2-3-lobed; ovary with subterminal long hairy style, stigma dilated-cylindric. Figs depressed globose broadly turbinate, 3-7.5 cm in diameter, russet or purple-brown and speckled, ribbed, silky hairy.
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Distribution
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Himalaya (N. Pakistan to N. Burma), N.E. India, S. China, Indo-China.
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Distribution
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S Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SW Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
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Distribution
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Distribution: Pakistan (Rawalpindi, Hazara, Kashmir), N.W. to N.E. India, Bhutan, Burma, China and Japan, upto 2000 m along streams and valleys; cultivated elsewhere.
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Elevation Range
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250-1700 m
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Flower/Fruit
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Fl. & Fr. Per.: August-November.
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Habitat
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Forests in moist valleys; 100-1700(-2100) m.
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Ficus auriculata
provided by wikipedia EN
Ficus auriculata, the Roxburgh fig,[2] is a type of fig tree, native to Asia,[3] noted for its big and round leaves.
Description
This plant is a small tree of 5–10 m (16–33 ft) high with numerous bristle-covered branches. The leaves are big and round, and are up to 44 cm (17 in) long and 45 cm (18 in) wide, with cordate or rounded base, acute apex, and 5–7 main veins from the leaf base. Its petioles are up to 15 cm (6 in) long, and it has stipules of about 2.5 cm (1 in) long. The plant has oblate syconium that are up to 4 cm (1.6 in) wide, covered with yellow pubescence, and emerge from the trunk or old branches of the tree.[4] Ficus auriculata is dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate individuals.[5] It grows in forests in moist valleys.[3]
Ceratosolen emarginatus is the insect that helps to pollinate this plant.[6][7]
Uses
The fresh fruit of this plant is consumed as food, and has diuretic, laxative and digestive regulating properties.[4] Ficus auriculata is used as fodder in Nepal. It is least resistant to fire, but likes good sunlight.[8]
Photo gallery
Fruit emerging from trunk and branches
References
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^ Shao, Q.; Zhao, L.; Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Ficus auriculata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T147637124A147637126. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T147637124A147637126.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
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^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ficus auriculata". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
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^ a b "29. Ficus auriculata". Flora of China.
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^ a b Tanaka, Yoshitaka; Van Ke, Nguyen (2007). Edible Wild Plants of Vietnam: The Bountiful Garden. Thailand: Orchid Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-9745240896.
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^ Kuaraksa, Cherdsak; Elliott, Stephen; Hossaert-Mckey, Martine (2012). "The phenology of dioecious Ficus spp. Tree species and its importance for forest restoration projects". Forest Ecology and Management. 265: 82–93. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.10.022.
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^ LI Zong-Bo; YANG Pei; PENG Yan-Qiong; YANG Da-Rong (2012). "Distribution and ultramorphology of antennal sensilla in female Ceratosolen emarginatus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), a specific pollinator of Ficus auriculata". Acta Entomologica Sinica. 55 (11): 1272–1281.
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^ van Noort, S.; Rasplus, J.-Y. (2018). "Ficus auriculata Loureiro, 1790". Figweb. Iziko Museums of South Africa.
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^ "Ficus auriculata". ForestryNepal. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-24.
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Ficus auriculata: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Ficus auriculata, the Roxburgh fig, is a type of fig tree, native to Asia, noted for its big and round leaves.
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