Cistus crispus is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae , with pink to purple flowers, native to south-western Europe and western north Africa.
Description
Cistus crispus grows up to 50 cm (1 ft 8 in) tall. Its grey-green leaves are wavy (undulate), oblong to elliptical in shape, usually 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) long by 4–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide. They have three prominent veins and are covered a mixture of short stellate hairs and longer simple hairs. The flowers are arranged in few-flowered cymes, each flower being 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) across with five purplish-red petals and five hair-covered sepals.[2]
Taxonomy
Cistus crispus was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum (p. 524).[1] The specific epithet crispus means "curly" or "finely waved", referring to the leaves.[3]
It hybridizes with Cistus albidus to form the hybrid Cistus × incanus.[4]
Phylogeny
A 2011 molecular phylogenetic study placed C. crispus as the deepest branching member of the clade of purple and pink flowered Cistus species (the "purple pink clade" or PPC).[5]
Species-level cladogram of
Cistus species.
Halimium spp.
PPC Cistus crispus
Cistus asper
Cistus chinamadensis
Cistus horrens
Cistus ocreatus
Cistus osbeckiifolius
Cistus palmensis
Cistus symphytifolius
Cistus heterophyllus
Cistus albidus
Cistus creticus
Halimium spp.
WWPC Cistus clusii
Cistus munbyi
Cistus inflatus
Cistus ladanifer
Cistus laurifolius
Cistus libanotis
Cistus monspeliensis
Cistus parviflorus
Cistus populifolius
Cistus pouzolzii
Cistus salviifolius
Cistus sintenisii
Purple
Pink
Clade
White
Whitish Pink
Clade
Species-level cladogram of
Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.
[4][6][5][7] Distribution
Cistus crispus is native to north Africa[6] and south-western Europe, including Portugal, Spain, France, Corsica, Italy and Sicily.[2]
References
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^ a b "Cistus crispus", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-02
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^ a b Warburg, E.F. (1968), "Cistus albidus", in Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press, p. 283, ISBN 978-0-521-06662-4
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^ Coombes, Allen J. (1994), Dictionary of Plant Names, London: Hamlyn Books, ISBN 978-0-600-58187-1, p. 42
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^ a b Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005), "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37 (3): 644–660, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026, PMID 16055353
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^ a b Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011), "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 295 (1–4): 23–54, doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7, S2CID 21995828
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^ a b Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae)". PLOS ONE. 4 (7): e6362. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.6362G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006362. PMC 2719431. PMID 19668338.
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^ Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 9 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001.
