Pantopoda

South Pacific Ocean, Shot at night, Duration 18 seconds

Description: A sea spider walking across the sea bed, there are also sabellid polychaete worms and sea pens in the image Item Type: Image Title: Sea spider, tube worms and sea pens Copyright: SERPENT Project Species: Colossendeis proboscidea, Sabellid, Pennatulid Behaviour: walking Site: Atlantic -- Norwegian -- Midnattsol Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 928 Latitude: 64 deg 00' 59" N Longitude: 5 deg 16' 44" E Countries: Norway -- Norwegian Sector Habitat: Benthic Rig: Transocean Leader Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering, Transocean ROV: Magnum 034 (work class) Deposited By: Dr Andrew Gates Deposited On: 20 May 2008

South Pacific Ocean, Duration 10 seconds

Description: Sea spider walking over the sea bed Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis proboscidea Copyright: SERPENT Project Species: Colossendeis proboscidea Site: Atlantic -- Norwegian -- Midnattsol Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 928 Latitude: 64 deg 00' 59" N Longitude: 5 deg 16' 44" E Countries: Norway -- Norwegian Sector Habitat: Benthic Rig: Transocean Leader Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering, Transocean ROV: Magnum 034 (work class) Deposited By: Dr Andrew Gates Deposited On: 16 December 2009

Description: Large ball like structure of Sea spiders Pycnogonids, unable to identify species from the image, there is also a Colossendeis proboscidea with a nymphoid pycnogonid on it. Item Type: Image Copyright: SERPENT project Species: Colossendeis proboscidea Behaviour: Large, dense aggragation and one large individual carrying another Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- RosebankNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Rosebank Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 1124 Latitude: 60 deg 59' 03" N Longitude: 3 deg 49' 04" W Countries: UK -- West of Shetland Habitat: Benthic Rig: Stena Carron Deposited By: Miss Moira MacLean Deposited On: 09 December 2010

Description: Sea spider pycnogonid, Colossendeis proboscidea Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis proboscidea Copyright: SERPENT project Species: Colossendeis proboscidea Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- BrugdanNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- Brugdan Countries: Faroe Islands Habitat: Benthic Rig: Stena Don Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering ROV: Magnum 070, Sea Owl 590 Deposited By: Miss Moira MacLean Deposited On: 13 December 2010

Description: Sea spider (Pycnogonid) Colossendeis proboscidea Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis proboscidea Copyright: SERPENT project Species: Colossendeis proboscidea Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- BrugdanNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- Brugdan Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 480 Countries: Faroe Islands Habitat: Benthic Rig: Stena Don Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering ROV: Magnum 070, Sea Owl 590 Deposited By: Miss Moira MacLean Deposited On: 14 December 2010

Description: The species is possibly C. colossea but it is necessary to observe the palp articles, which are not visible from the photograph, to confirm the identification Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis Copyright: SERPENT Project Species: Colossendeis sp. Behaviour: On the seabed Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- RosebankNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Rosebank Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 1085 Latitude: 60 deg 59' 33" N Longitude: 3 deg 49' 49" E Habitat: Benthic Rig: Transocean Rather Project Partners: Chevron, Subsea 7, Transocean ROV: Centurion 05 HD (work class) Deposited By: Dr Andrew Gates Deposited On: 17 July 2007

Description: Sea spider Pycnogonid, Colossendeis sp. its very difficult to identify pycnogonids from images alone, as idenfication is doen by examining the chela and palps. Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis sp. Copyright: SERPENT project Species: Colossendeis sp. Behaviour: Walking along the seafloor Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- BrugdanNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Faroe-Shetland Channel -- Brugdan Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 480 Countries: Faroe Islands Habitat: Benthic Rig: Stena Don Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering ROV: Magnum 070, Sea Owl 590 Deposited By: Miss Moira MacLean Deposited On: 14 December 2010

Description: Collossendeis colossea is widely known from water deeper than 860 m. Male pycnogonids carry the juveniles on their “ovigers”. Item Type: Image Title: Colossendeis sp. Copyright: SERPENT project Species: Colossendeis sp. Site: Atlantic -- Norwegian -- Dalsnuten Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 1452 Latitude: 66 deg 34' 33" N Longitude: 3 deg 32' 46" E Countries: Norway -- Norwegian Sector Habitat: Benthic Rig: Aker Barents Project Partners: Shell, Aker Drilling, Oceaneering ROV: Magnum 142 Deposited By: Miss Moira MacLean Deposited On: 23 February 2011

Item Type: Image Title: Giant sea spider Copyright: Serpent Project Species: Colossendeis sp. Behaviour: Crawling Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- LagganNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Laggan Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 650 Latitude: 60 deg 56' 00" N Longitude: 2 deg 53' 00" W Countries: UK -- West of Shetland Habitat: Temperate Gravel and Sand Rig: Jack Bates Laggan Project Partners: Total, Transocean, Subsea 7 ROV: Clansman 2 Deposited By: Rob Curry Deposited On: 13 March 2007

Female sea spider on hydroid Aglaophenia latirostris, 8 mm across. Moves very deliberately. Feeds on the hydroid. This individual has lost one leg, but it will not be replaced as these arthropods do not molt.

Item Type: Video Title: Giant sea spider Species: Colossendeis sp. Behaviour: Resting Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- LagganNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Laggan Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 650 Latitude: 60 deg 56' 43" N Longitude: 2 deg 53' 28" W Countries: UK -- West of Shetland Habitat: Temperate Muddy Sand Rig: Jack Bates Laggan Project Partners: Total, Transocean, Subsea 7 ROV: Clansman 2 Deposited By: Rob Curry Deposited On: 13 March 2007

Figure 2.Ammotheidae 1; A, B: Achelia echinata, male, dorsal view; scales 500 µm and 250 µm, respectively; C, D: Achelia langi, male, dorsal view; scales 1 mm and 500 µm, respectively; E, F: Achelia vulgaris, male, dorsal view; scales 1 mm and 250 µm, respectively.

This pair of individuals, which includes the individual shown at the top of the page, were both on the same anenome. Though I did not check thoroughly, I did not see ovigerous legs on either individual suggesting they are both female.

In this closeup view one can see the tiny turretlike head with 4 eyes (near the left end of the body, between the left (front) pair of legs). The proboscis is much larger than the head and extends to the left of the body.

Pycnogonum stearnsi from Little Corona del Mar, CA. Total leg span about 1 cm. Animal was in a tidepool next to the base of an Anthopleura sola anemone. The head with its large proboscis is facing left (there is a bubble at the tip of the proboscis) (Photo by: Dave Cowles, November 2006)

Here is an even closer view of the turret-like head, which appears as a small tubercle covered with 4 eyes, and also of the proboscis

Figure 6.Achelia echinata, male; A: Chelifores with reduced chela; scale 40 µm; B: Distal articles of right 8-articled palp; scale 40 µm; C: Distal articles of 10-articled oviger; scale 40 µm; D, E: Compound spines on last oviger-article; scales 10 µm and 5 µm, respectively; F: Lateral process, coxa 1 and 2 of right 3rd leg, 2 protuberances with spine on each side of coxa 2; scale 100 µm; G: Coxa 2 with 2 protuberances with spine on each side (right 3rd leg); scale 40 µm.

In this ventral view, the small ovigerous legs can be seen on the underside of the first body segment (left side, just to the right of the proboscis). Here the animal is extending its other, walking legs upward and away from the camera. The proboscis is to the left. Females of some families lack ovigerous legs and in other families they are reduced in females.

Figure 7.Achelia echinata, male; A: Left 3rd leg; scale 200 µm; B: Lateral view of coxa 2 with genital protuberance (right 4th leg); scale 40 µm; C: Genital opening (right 3rd leg); scale 20 µm; D: Lateral view of femur with cement gland on distal part (left 3rd leg); scale 100 µm; E: Cement gland (right 4th leg); scale 40 µm; F: Tarsus, propodus, and claw, auxiliary claws about half as long as claw (left 3rd leg); scale 100 µm; G: Abdomen; scale 40 µm; H: Hair and slit organ on dorsal side of trunk; scale 5 µm.

Pycnogonids are frequently found clinging to hydroids, as here on the hydroid Aglaophenia sp.