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Wayne N. Mathis, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki
Zookeys
Figures 18–20.Hydrochasma faciale (Williston) (St. Vincent. St. Patrick: Cumberland Bay) 18 head, anterior view 19 same, lateral view 20 same, oblique view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figures 332–341.332–336 Rhopalosyrphus ecuadoriensis male (holotype): 332 habitus dorsal 333 habitus lateral 334 head lateral 335 head frontal 336 wing 337–341 Rhopalosyrphus robustus female (holotype) 337 habitus dorsal 338 habitus lateral 339 head lateral 340 head frontal 341 wing.
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Wayne N. Mathis, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki
Zookeys
Figures 21–24.Hydrochasma faciale (Williston) (Dominica: Layou R.) 21 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 22 same, lateral view 23 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 24 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figure 351–355.351 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) oreokawensis male (holotype), head lateral 352–355 Rhopalosyrphus, male genitalia: 352 Rhopalosyrphus ecuadoriensis 353 Rhopalosyrphus abnormoides 354 Rhopalosyrphus cerioides 355 Rhopalosyrphus oreokawensis.
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Wayne N. Mathis, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki
Zookeys
Figure 25.Distribution of Hydrochasma faciale (Williston).
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figures 332–341.332–336 Rhopalosyrphus ecuadoriensis male (holotype): 332 habitus dorsal 333 habitus lateral 334 head lateral 335 head frontal 336 wing 337–341 Rhopalosyrphus robustus female (holotype) 337 habitus dorsal 338 habitus lateral 339 head lateral 340 head frontal 341 wing.
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Wayne N. Mathis, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki
Zookeys
Figures 26–29.Hydrochasma patens Cresson (Chile. Talca: Rio Lircay, 11 km N Talca) 26 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 27 same, lateral view 28 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 29 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figures 342–350.342–345 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) abnormoides male (holotype): 342 habitus dorsal 343 habitus lateral 344 head lateral 345 head frontal 346 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) cerioides male (holotype), habitus dorsal 347–350 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) oreokawensis male (holotype): 347 habitus dorsal 348 habitus lateral 349 wing 350 head frontal.
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Wayne N. Mathis, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki
Zookeys
Figure 30.Distribution of Hydrochasma patens Cresson,
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figure 351–355.351 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) oreokawensis male (holotype), head lateral 352–355 Rhopalosyrphus, male genitalia: 352 Rhopalosyrphus ecuadoriensis 353 Rhopalosyrphus abnormoides 354 Rhopalosyrphus cerioides 355 Rhopalosyrphus oreokawensis.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 1–7.Life history of two new species of Liriomyza. 1–3 Habitats 1 Open area in a valley near Reserva Biológica Manuel Alberto Brenes in San Ramón (site 2). Arrows indicate Bocconia frutescens trees 2 Bocconia frutescens saplings (in circle) growing along the road after land slides caused by 2009 earthquake in Cinchona-Vara Blanca area (site 10) 3 Ornamental Bocconia frutescens tree (in middle) in urban area of San Isidro de Coronado (site 15) 4 Liriomyza mystica female (from site 5) 5 Liriomyza prompta female (from site 13) 6 Mating couple of Liriomyza prompta on the underside of Bocconia frutescens leaf at 7:00 am (30.v.2009, site 13) 7 Liriomyza prompta ovipositing on the upper side of Bocconia frutescens leaf blade at 3:00 pm (17.vi.2011, site 2).
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figures 342–350.342–345 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) abnormoides male (holotype): 342 habitus dorsal 343 habitus lateral 344 head lateral 345 head frontal 346 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) cerioides male (holotype), habitus dorsal 347–350 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) oreokawensis male (holotype): 347 habitus dorsal 348 habitus lateral 349 wing 350 head frontal.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 8–11.External morphology of adult Liriomyza mystica. 8 Head, lateral 9 Head, dorso-frontal 10 Thorax, dorsal 11 Thorax, dorsal (teneral specimen).
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figure 351–355.351 Rhopalosyrphus (s.l.) oreokawensis male (holotype), head lateral 352–355 Rhopalosyrphus, male genitalia: 352 Rhopalosyrphus ecuadoriensis 353 Rhopalosyrphus abnormoides 354 Rhopalosyrphus cerioides 355 Rhopalosyrphus oreokawensis.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 20–27.Life history of Liriomyza mystica larvae on Bocconia frutescens. 20–22 External evidence caused by internal larval feeding on vein and petiole 20 Brown to reddish brown spots (ca. 1–2 mm long) on upperside along primary vein, marked by rectangular line. Arrow indicates Liriomyza prompta mine 21 Pale brown linear spots along the primary vein seen through strong sunlight from the back. Note that lower part of vein (underside) is thicker and shown as shadow 22 Mine in pale colour zigzag, approximately 30 mm long 23 Longitudinally opened primary vein with linear mine (circle) and late instar larva (arrow) 24 Late instar larva in situ, ventral view. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton on right. Notice orange spot at head 25 Mature larva exiting from underside of vein (arrow). Close-up view, lower right. Notice orange spot at head 26 Exit hole (ca. 1 mm wide) on underside of primary vein 27 Mature larva in pre-puparial stage. Posterior on right.
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Menno Reemer, Gunilla Ståhls
Zookeys
Figures 53–60.53–55 Ceratrichomyia angolensis male (holotype): 53 head frontal 54 head lateral 55 wing. 56–58 Ceratrichomyia males (holotypes): 56 Ceratrichomyia angolensis 57 Ceratrichomyia behara 58 Ceratrichomyia bullabucca 59–60 Ceriomicrodon petiolatus male (holotype): 59 habitus lateral 60 genitalia lateral.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 48–51.Life history of two new species of Liriomyza. 48 Puparium of Liriomyza mystica, in situ 49 Puparium of Liriomyza prompta, in situ 50 Pupa of Pteromaline parasitoid wasp (sp. 01) inside Bocconia frutescens leaf vein parenchyma 51 Braconid parasitoid wasp, most likely Opius sp., attempting to oviposit in mature Liriomyza prompta larva at site 13.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 28–31.External morphology of adult Liriomyza prompta. 28 Head, lateral 29 Head, lateral (variation of eye colour) 30 Head, dorsal 31 Thorax, dorsal.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 12–15.Male genitalia of Liriomyza mystica. 12 Phallus, lateral 13 Phallus, ventral (see text for lines ‘a’ and ‘b’) 14, 15 Ejaculatory apodeme.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 16–19.Larval characters of Liriomyza mystica. 16 Posterior spiracles 17 Posterior spiracle (close-up) 18 Anterior spiracle (note angle of view is different from Fig. 38) 19 Cephalopharyngeal skeleton.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 1–7.Life history of two new species of Liriomyza. 1–3 Habitats 1 Open area in a valley near Reserva Biológica Manuel Alberto Brenes in San Ramón (site 2). Arrows indicate Bocconia frutescens trees 2 Bocconia frutescens saplings (in circle) growing along the road after land slides caused by 2009 earthquake in Cinchona-Vara Blanca area (site 10) 3 Ornamental Bocconia frutescens tree (in middle) in urban area of San Isidro de Coronado (site 15) 4 Liriomyza mystica female (from site 5) 5 Liriomyza prompta female (from site 13) 6 Mating couple of Liriomyza prompta on the underside of Bocconia frutescens leaf at 7:00 am (30.v.2009, site 13) 7 Liriomyza prompta ovipositing on the upper side of Bocconia frutescens leaf blade at 3:00 pm (17.vi.2011, site 2).
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 20–27.Life history of Liriomyza mystica larvae on Bocconia frutescens. 20–22 External evidence caused by internal larval feeding on vein and petiole 20 Brown to reddish brown spots (ca. 1–2 mm long) on upperside along primary vein, marked by rectangular line. Arrow indicates Liriomyza prompta mine 21 Pale brown linear spots along the primary vein seen through strong sunlight from the back. Note that lower part of vein (underside) is thicker and shown as shadow 22 Mine in pale colour zigzag, approximately 30 mm long 23 Longitudinally opened primary vein with linear mine (circle) and late instar larva (arrow) 24 Late instar larva in situ, ventral view. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton on right. Notice orange spot at head 25 Mature larva exiting from underside of vein (arrow). Close-up view, lower right. Notice orange spot at head 26 Exit hole (ca. 1 mm wide) on underside of primary vein 27 Mature larva in pre-puparial stage. Posterior on right.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 28–31.External morphology of adult Liriomyza prompta. 28 Head, lateral 29 Head, lateral (variation of eye colour) 30 Head, dorsal 31 Thorax, dorsal.
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Stéphanie Boucher, Kenji Nishida
Zookeys
Figures 40–47.Life history of Liriomyza prompta larva on Bocconia frutescens leaves 40 Leaf mines on upperside of mature, but relatively small leaf. Note that there are both single (narrow linear) and gregarious (blotch) mines 41 Active single larval mine at site 17. Note that early part of the mine becomes brown 42 Close-up of active mine with 7 larvae, seen with transmitted light (arrows indicate groups of late instar larvae): 2, 4, and 1 larvae from left to right). Early part of mine brown. Frass in dark green to black linear dots 43 Close-up of middle arrow area of Figure 42, arrow indicates four actively mining larvae. Notice four orange spots 44 Same as Figure 43, but without transmitted light 45 Close-up of actively mining late instar larva. Arrow indicates cephalopharyngeal skeleton 46 Exit holes (arrows), approximately 1.2 mm wide, near or at end of mine 47 Mature larva recently exited from mine. Posterior on right.