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Sapium

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Sapium
Genus recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Catalogue of Life in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Sapium
Genus recognized by wikipedia 中文维基百科, wikipedia VI, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, Barbados Species List, Belize Species List, Bolivia Species List, Brazil Species List, Chile Species List, China Species List, Colombia Species List, Costa Rica Species List, Dominica Species List, Dominican Republic Species List, Ecuador Species List, El Salvador Species List, French Guiana Species List, Germany Species List, Guatemala Species List, Guyana Species List, Haiti Species List, Jamaica Species List, Nicaragua Species List, Panama Species List, Peru Species List, Paraguay Species List, Puerto Rico Species List, Suriname Species List, Venezuela Species List, Uruguay Species List, Argentina Species List, Cuba Species List, Mexico Species List, North Atlantic Species List, North Pacific Species List, South Atlantic Species List, South Pacific Species List, wikipedia AST, NCBI, wikidata_hierarchy tar gz, Paleobiology Database, wikipedia ES, wikipedia PT, wikipedia FR, USDA PLANTS images, wikipedia EN, Wikidata Common Names, Wikimedia Commons, Barcode of Life Data Systems, Global Biotic Interactions, Global Biotic Interactions, Global Biotic Interactions, iNaturalist data coverage, Wikipedia (inferred records), GGBN data coverage, and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Sapium
Recognized by INBio, IABIN, IABIN, Flora of Zimbabwe, and Kubitzki et al
Sapium Jacq.
Genus recognized by GBIF classification, Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024, USDA Plants data, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy, World Register of Marine Species, and GBIF data coverage
Sapium P. Browne
Genus recognized by GBIF national node type records UK
Sapium P. Browne
Recognized by GBIF national node type records Germany

Alternative Names

Excoecaria biglandulosa var. lanceolata Müll. Arg.
Proparte synonym according to GBIF classification
Hippomane zeocca L.
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium acuparium Hemsl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium anadeum Pittier
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium aucuparium Hemsl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium balansae Parodi
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium biglandulosum f. longissimum Chodat & Hassl.
Proparte synonym according to GBIF classification and GBIF classification
Sapium bingyricum Roxb. ex Müll. Arg.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium brasiliense Spreng.
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium brasiliense Spreng. ex Pax
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium brownei Banks
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium commutatum Juz.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium cuatrecasii Croizat
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium curupita Huber
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium daidece Buch.-Ham.
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium daidece Buch.-Ham. ex Hook. fil.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium dichotomum Klotzsch
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium dolichostachys K. Schum.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium endlicherianum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium eugeniifolium Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium giganteum Posada-Ar.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium glandulosum Druce
Doubtful according to GBIF classification (Possible variant of Sapium glandulosum Morong)
Sapium haematantha Standl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium harrisii Urb.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium herbertiifolium Jacques
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium hippomane Aubl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium integrifolium Splitg.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium latifolium Klotzsch
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium leucogynum Wright
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium longifolium Bojer
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium macrophyllum Klotzsch
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium maiguatense Pittier
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium maracanense Huber
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium montevidense Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium moritzianum Klotzsch ex Seem.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium obtusatum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium ovobatum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium peruvianum (J. F. Macbr.) Jabl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium pichinchense Juz.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium pohlianum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium populifolium Wall.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium pucnostachys K. Schum.
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium pucnostachys K. Schum. ex Pax
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium punctatum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium purusanum Huber
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium rojasi H. Lév. ex Rojas
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium ruizii Hemsl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium sellowianum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium serratum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium simile Hemsl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium squarrosum Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium stenophyllum (Müll. Arg. ex Pax) Klotzsch
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium steyermarkii Jabl.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium subserratum Klotzsch
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapium thomsonii God.-Leb.
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Sapium veracruzense Lundell
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Stillingia salicifolia Klotzsch
Homotypic synonym according to GBIF classification
Taeniosapium lastellei Müll. Arg.
Doubtful according to GBIF classification
Sapiopsis Müll. Arg.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Sapium
Harvest ancestor according to Plant Growth Form Data from NMNH Botany specimens, GBIF national node type records UK, GBIF national node type records France, GBIF national node type records Brazil, GBIF national node type records Germany, NMNH type specimens, iDigBio type specimen records, iDigBio type specimen records, Flora do Brasil, iNaturalist, NMNH Collection, Plant Forms, Habitat and Distribution, Global Biotic Interactions, and Flickr Group
Sapium Jacq. 1760
Authority according to NCBI
Seborium Raf.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Common Names

English

milktree preferred
Recognized by USDA PLANTS images, Wikidata Common Names, and World Register of Marine Species

Arabic

شمع (نبات) preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Chinese

乌桕属 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
美洲桕属
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names (prefers this name)

Japanese

シラキ属 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Malay

Pokok Ludai preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Arz

شمع (نبات) preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Cn

乌桕属 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Hans

乌桕属 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Tw

乌桕屬 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
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Curated hierarchies for Sapium

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Archaeplastida
Chloroplastida
Streptophyta
Embryophytes
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Superrosids
Rosids
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys K. Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium sellowianum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Acalypha
Acidocroton
Actinostemon
Adelia
Adenochlaena
Adenocline
Adenopeltis
Adenophaedra
Afrotrewia
Alchornea
Alchorneopsis
Annesijoa
Anthostema
Aubletiana
Baliospermum
Bernardia
Bocquillonia
Bonania
Borneodendron
Calycopeplus
Cephalocroton
Chiropetalum
Chlamydojatropha
Chondrostylis
Cladogelonium
Claoxylon
Cleidiocarpon
Clonostylis
Cocconerion
Conosapium
Croton
Dalechampia
Dalembertia
Dichostemma
Dimorphocalyx
Discoclaoxylon
Discocleidion
Discoglypremna
Ditaxis
Ditrysinia
Doryxylon
Enriquebeltrania
Erythrococca
Excoecaria
Falconeria
Fontainea
Garcia
Garciadelia
Givotia
Glycydendron
Gradyana
Haematostemon
Hamilcoa
Hancea
Hevea
Hippomane
Homalanthus
Homonoia
Hura
Hylandia
Klaineanthus
Koilodepas
Lasiocroton
Leidesia
Lobanilia
Mabea
Mallotus
Manniophyton
Micrandra
Micrococca
Microstachys
Moultonianthus
Muricococcum
Neoguillauminia
Neoshirakia
Orfilea
Ostodes
Pachystylidium
Pantadenia
Platygyna
Plukenetia
Podadenia
Pycnocoma
Radcliffea
Ricinocarpos
Sagotia
Sclerocroton
Seidelia
Shirakiopsis
Spathiostemon
Sphaerostylis
Stillingia
Strophioblachia
Sumbaviopsis
Tapoides
Tetrorchidium
Tragia
Triadica
Trigonostemon
Vaupesia
125 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Biota
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium Jacq. (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium appendiculatum (Müll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium contortum Croizat
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys K. Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium rigidifolium Huft
Sapium sceleratum Ridl.
Sapium sellowianum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Acalypha L.
Acidocroton Griseb.
Acidoton Sw.
Actinostemon Mart. ex Klotzsch
Adelia L.
Adenochlaena Boivin ex Baill.
Adenocline Turcz.
Adenopeltis Bertero ex A. Juss.
Adenophaedra (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Adriana Gaudich.
Afrotrewia Pax & K. Hoffm.
Agrostistachys Dalzell
Alchornea Sw.
Alchorneopsis Müll. Arg.
Aleurites J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Algernonia Baill.
Alphandia Baill.
Amperea A. Juss.
Amyrea Leandri
Angostylis Benth.
Annesijoa Pax & K. Hoffm.
Anomostachys (Baill.) Hurus.
Anthostema A. Juss.
Aparisthmium Endl.
Argomuellera Pax
Argythamnia P. Browne
Astraea Klotzsch
Astrococcus Benth.
Aubletiana J. Murillo
Avellanita Phil.
Balakata Esser
Baliospermum Blume
Baloghia Endl.
Benoistia H. Perrier & Leandri
Bernardia Houst. ex Mill.
Bertya Planch.
Beyeria Miq.
Bia Klotzsch
Blachia Baill.
Blumeodendron (Müll. Arg.) Kurz
Bocquillonia Baill.
Bonania A. Rich.
Borneodendron Airy Shaw
Bossera Leandri
Botryophora Hook. fil.
Brasiliocroton P. E. Berry & Cordeiro
Calycopeplus Planch.
Caperonia A. St.-Hil.
Caryodendron H. Karst.
Cavacoa J. Léonard
Cephalocroton Hochst.
Cephalocrotonopsis Pax
Cephalomappa Baill.
Cheilosa Blume
Chiropetalum A. Juss.
Chlamydojatropha Pax & K. Hoffm.
Chondrostylis Boerl.
Chrozophora Neck. ex A. Juss.
Cladogelonium Leandri
Cladogynos Zipp. ex Span.
Claoxylon A. Juss.
Claoxylopsis Leandri
Cleidiocarpon Airy Shaw
Cleidion Blume
Clonostylis S. Moore
Cnesmone Blume
Cnidoscolus Pohl
Cocconerion Baill.
Codiaeum Rumph. ex A. Juss.
Colliguaja Molina
Colobocarpos Esser & Welzen
Conceveiba Aubl.
Conosapium Müll. Arg.
Croton L.
Crotonogyne Müll. Arg.
Crotonogynopsis Pax
Cyrtogonone Prain
Cyttaranthus J. Léonard
Dalechampia Plum. ex L.
Dalembertia Baill.
Dendrocousinsia Millsp.
Dendrothrix Esser
Deutzianthus Gagnep.
Dichostemma Pierre
Discoclaoxylon (Müll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Discocleidion Pax & K. Hoffm.
Discoglypremna Prain
Ditaxis Vahl ex A. Juss.
Ditrysinia Raf.
Ditta Griseb.
Dodecastigma Ducke
Doryxylon Zoll.
Droceloncia J. Léonard
Dysopsis Baill.
Elateriospermum Blume
Endospermum Benth.
Enriquebeltrania Rzed.
Epiprinus Griff.
Euphorbia L.
Macaranga Thouars
127 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.3

Sapium (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys K. Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium sellowianum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Acalypha
Acidocroton
Actinostemon
Adelia
Adenochlaena
Adenocline
Adenopeltis
Adenophaedra
Afrotrewia
Alchornea
Alchorneopsis
Annesijoa
Anthostema
Aubletiana
Baliospermum
Bernardia
Bocquillonia
Bonania
Borneodendron
Calycopeplus
Cephalocroton
Chiropetalum
Chlamydojatropha
Chondrostylis
Cladogelonium
Claoxylon
Cleidiocarpon
Clonostylis
Cocconerion
Conosapium
Croton
Dalechampia
Dalembertia
Dichostemma
Dimorphocalyx
Discoclaoxylon
Discocleidion
Discoglypremna
Ditaxis
Ditrysinia
Doryxylon
Enriquebeltrania
Erythrococca
Excoecaria
Falconeria
Fontainea
Garcia
Garciadelia
Givotia
Glycydendron
Gradyana
Haematostemon
Hamilcoa
Hancea
Hevea
Hippomane
Homalanthus
Homonoia
Hura
Hylandia
Klaineanthus
Koilodepas
Lasiocroton
Leidesia
Lobanilia
Mabea
Mallotus
Manniophyton
Micrandra
Micrococca
Microstachys
Moultonianthus
Muricococcum
Neoguillauminia
Neoshirakia
Orfilea
Ostodes
Pachystylidium
Pantadenia
Platygyna
Plukenetia
Podadenia
Pycnocoma
Radcliffea
Ricinocarpos
Sagotia
Sclerocroton
Seidelia
Shirakiopsis
Spathiostemon
Sphaerostylis
Stillingia
Strophioblachia
Sumbaviopsis
Tapoides
Tetrorchidium
Tragia
Triadica
Trigonostemon
Vaupesia
125 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Archaeplastida
Chloroplastida
Streptophyta
Embryophytes
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Superrosids
Rosids
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys K. Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium sellowianum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Acalypha
Acidocroton
Actinostemon
Adelia
Adenochlaena
Adenocline
Adenopeltis
Adenophaedra
Afrotrewia
Alchornea
Alchorneopsis
Annesijoa
Anthostema
Aubletiana
Baliospermum
Bernardia
Bocquillonia
Bonania
Borneodendron
Calycopeplus
Cephalocroton
Chiropetalum
Chlamydojatropha
Chondrostylis
Cladogelonium
Claoxylon
Cleidiocarpon
Clonostylis
Cocconerion
Conosapium
Croton
Dalechampia
Dalembertia
Dichostemma
Dimorphocalyx
Discoclaoxylon
Discocleidion
Discoglypremna
Ditaxis
Ditrysinia
Doryxylon
Enriquebeltrania
Erythrococca
Excoecaria
Falconeria
Fontainea
Garcia
Garciadelia
Givotia
Glycydendron
Gradyana
Haematostemon
Hamilcoa
Hancea
Hevea
Hippomane
Homalanthus
Homonoia
Hura
Hylandia
Klaineanthus
Koilodepas
Lasiocroton
Leidesia
Lobanilia
Mabea
Mallotus
Manniophyton
Micrandra
Micrococca
Microstachys
Moultonianthus
Muricococcum
Neoguillauminia
Neoshirakia
Orfilea
Ostodes
Pachystylidium
Pantadenia
Platygyna
Plukenetia
Podadenia
Pycnocoma
Radcliffea
Ricinocarpos
Sagotia
Sclerocroton
Seidelia
Shirakiopsis
Spathiostemon
Sphaerostylis
Stillingia
Strophioblachia
Sumbaviopsis
Tapoides
Tetrorchidium
Tragia
Triadica
Trigonostemon
Vaupesia
125 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4

Sapium (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium argutum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys K. Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum (Müll. Arg.) Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium sellowianum (Müll. Arg.) Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Acalypha
Acidocroton
Actinostemon
Adelia
Adenochlaena
Adenocline
Adenopeltis
Adenophaedra
Afrotrewia
Alchornea
Alchorneopsis
Annesijoa
Anthostema
Aubletiana
Baliospermum
Bernardia
Bocquillonia
Bonania
Borneodendron
Calycopeplus
Cephalocroton
Chiropetalum
Chlamydojatropha
Chondrostylis
Cladogelonium
Claoxylon
Cleidiocarpon
Clonostylis
Cocconerion
Conosapium
Croton
Dalechampia
Dalembertia
Dichostemma
Dimorphocalyx
Discoclaoxylon
Discocleidion
Discoglypremna
Ditaxis
Ditrysinia
Doryxylon
Enriquebeltrania
Erythrococca
Excoecaria
Falconeria
Fontainea
Garcia
Garciadelia
Givotia
Glycydendron
Gradyana
Haematostemon
Hamilcoa
Hancea
Hevea
Hippomane
Homalanthus
Homonoia
Hura
Hylandia
Klaineanthus
Koilodepas
Lasiocroton
Leidesia
Lobanilia
Mabea
Mallotus
Manniophyton
Micrandra
Micrococca
Microstachys
Moultonianthus
Muricococcum
Neoguillauminia
Neoshirakia
Orfilea
Ostodes
Pachystylidium
Pantadenia
Platygyna
Plukenetia
Podadenia
Pycnocoma
Radcliffea
Ricinocarpos
Sagotia
Sclerocroton
Seidelia
Shirakiopsis
Spathiostemon
Sphaerostylis
Stillingia
Strophioblachia
Sumbaviopsis
Tapoides
Tetrorchidium
Tragia
Triadica
Trigonostemon
Vaupesia
125 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

GBIF classification

Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium Jacq. (this page)
Sapium adenodon Griseb.
Sapium aereum Klotzsch
Sapium allenii Huft
Sapium argutum Huber
Sapium ciliatum Hemsl.
Sapium contortuna Croizat
Sapium cuneatum Griseb.
Sapium daphnoides Griseb.
Sapium duckei Huber
Sapium glandulosum Morong
Sapium haematospermum Müll. Arg.
Sapium haitiense Urb.
Sapium jenmannii Hemsl.
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl.
Sapium laurifolium Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Sapium leucogynum Wright ex Griseb.
Sapium macrocarpum Müll. Arg.
Sapium marmieri Huber
Sapium mulleri Hemsley
Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium ovobatum Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg.
Sapium pachystachys Schum. & Pittier
Sapium pallidum Huber
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Sapium paucinervium Hemsl.
Sapium sellowianum Klotzsch ex Baill.
Sapium standleyi
Sapium stylare Müll. Arg.
Sapium tijucensis
Acalypha L.
Acidocroton Griseb.
Adenophaedra Müll. Arg.
Afrotrewia Pax & K. Hoffm.
Agrostistachys Dalzell
Alchornea Sw.
Algernonia Baill.
Angostylis Benth.
Anomalocalyx Ducke
Anthostema A. Juss.
Argythamnia P. Browne
Astrococcus Benth.
Baliospermum Blume
Baloghia Endl.
Benoistia H. Perrier & Leandri
Bernardia Mill.
Bertya Planch.
Blachia Baill.
Bocquillonia Baill.
Bonania A. Rich.
Borneodendron Airy Shaw
Botryophora Hook. fil.
Calycopeplus Planch.
Caryodendron Karst.
Cephalocroton Hochst.
Cephalocrotonopsis Pax
Cheilosa Blume
Chlamydojatropha Pax & K. Hoffm.
Chrozophora A. Juss.
Cladogelonium Leandri
Cladogynos Zipp. ex Span.
Claoxylon A. Juss.
Claoxylopsis Leandri
Cleidiocarpon Airy Shaw
Clonostylis S. Moore
Cnesmone Blume
Colobocarpos Esser & Welzen
Croton L.
Crotonogyne Müll. Arg.
Cyrtogonone Prain
Dalechampia Plum. ex L.
Dalembertia Baill.
Dendrocousinsia Millsp.
Dimorphocalyx Thwaites
Discocleidion Pax & K. Hoffm.
Doryxylon Zoll.
Droceloncia J. Léonard
Endospermum Benth.
Erismanthus Wall. ex Müll. Arg.
Erythrococca Benth.
Excoecaria L.
Fontainea Heckel
Glycydendron Ducke
Grossera Pax
Gymnanthes Sw.
Haematostemon Pax & K. Hoffm.
Hamilcoa Prain
Hancea Seem.
Lasiocroton Griseb.
Leeuwenbergia Letouzey & N. Hallé
Leidesia Müll. Arg.
Leucocroton Griseb.
Lobanilia Radcl.-Sm.
Mallotus Lour.
Manihot Mill.
Maprounea Aubl.
Mareya Baill.
Mareyopsis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Megistostigma Hook. fil.
Mercurialis L.
Monotaxis Brongn.
Moultonianthus Merr.
Nealchornea Huber
Necepsia Prain
Neoguillauminia Croizat
Neoscortechinia Pax
Omphalea L.
Orfilea Baill.
Ostodes Blume
Philyra Klotzch
Pimelodendron Hassk.
Pseudagrostistachys Pax & K. Hoffm.
Ptychopyxis Miq.
Radcliffea Petra Hoffm. & K. Wurdack
Reutealis Airy Shaw
Rockinghamia Airy Shaw
Romanoa Trevis.
Senefelderopsis Steyerm.
Spirostachys Sond.
Stillingia Garden ex L.
Strophioblachia Boerl.
Sumbaviopsis J. J. Sm.
Suregada Roxb. ex Rottler
Tannodia Baill.
Tapoides Airy Shaw
Tetrorchidium Poepp. & Endl.
Tragia L.
Triadica Lour.
Trigonostemon Blume
Vaupesia R. E. Schult.
168 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy

Plantae
Viridiplantae
Streptophyta
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliopsida
Rosanae
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium Jacq. (this page)
Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium laurocerasus Desf.
Acalypha L.
Adelia L.
Adenochlaena Boiss. ex Baill.
Adriana Gaudich.
Alchornea Sw.
Alchorneopsis Müll. Arg.
Aleurites J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Andrachne L.
Argythamnia P. Browne
Astraea Klotzsch
Baliospermum Blume
Baloghia Endl.
Bernardia Houst. ex P. Browne
Bertya Planch.
Beyeria Miq.
Blachia Baill.
Bonania A. Rich.
Brasiliocroton P. E. Berry & Cordeiro
Calycopeplus Planch.
Caperonia A. St.-Hil.
Chaetocarpus Thwaites
Chiropetalum A. Juss.
Chrozophora A. Juss.
Claoxylon A. Juss.
Cleidion Blume
Cnidoscolus Pohl
Codiaeum A. Juss.
Colliguaja Molina
Croton L.
Dalechampia L.
Ditaxis Vahl ex A. Juss.
Ditrysinia Raf.
Ditta Griseb.
Euphorbia L.
Excoecaria L.
Garcia Vahl ex Rohr
Givotia Griff.
Gymnanthes Sw.
Hevea Aubl.
Hippomane L.
Homalanthus A. Juss.
Homonoia Lour.
Hura L.
Jatropha L.
Karima Cheek & Riina
Lasiocroton Griseb.
Leidesia Müll. Arg.
Leucocroton Griseb.
Lobanilia Radcl.-Sm.
Macaranga Thouars
Mallotus Lour.
Manihot Mill.
Melanolepis Rchb. fil. & Zoll.
Mercurialis L.
Micrandra Benth.
Microstachys A. Juss.
Monotaxis Brongn.
Neoboutonia Müll. Arg.
Neoguillauminia Croizat
Neoshirakia Esser
Ocalia Klotzsch
Pera Mutis
Plesiatropha Pierre
Plukenetia L.
Reutealis Airy Shaw
Ricinocarpos Desf.
Ricinodendron Müll. Arg.
Ricinus L.
Sauropus Blume
Schinziophyton Hutch. ex Radcl.-Sm.
Sebastiania Spreng.
Securinega Comm. ex Juss.
Shirakiopsis Esser
Speranskia Baill.
Stillingia Garden ex L.
Sumbaviopsis J. J. Sm.
Tannodia Baill.
Tragia L.
Triadica Lour.
Trigonostemon Blume
Vaupesia R. E. Schult.
Vernicia Lour.

NCBI

root
cellular organisms
Eukaryota
Viridiplantae
Streptophyta
Streptophytina
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Euphyllophyta
Spermatophyta
Magnoliopsida
Mesangiospermae
eudicotyledons
Gunneridae
Pentapetalae
rosids
fabids
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbioideae
Hippomaneae
Sapium (this page)
Sapium baccatum
Sapium ellipticum
Sapium glandulosum
Sapium haematospermum
Sapium laurifolium
Sapium laurocerasus
Sapium macrocarpum
Sapium parvifolium
Sapium paucinervium
unclassified Sapium
Actinostemon
Adenopeltis
Balakata
Bonania
Colliguaja
Dalembertia
Excoecaria
Grimmeodendron
Gymnanthes
Hippomane
Homalanthus
Mabea
Maprounea
Microstachys
Neoshirakia
Pleradenophora
Pseudosenefeldera
Sclerocroton
Sebastiania
Senefelderopsis
Spegazziniophytum
Spirostachys
Stillingia
Triadica

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Biota
Eukaryota
Plantae
Viridiplantae
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosidae
Euphorbiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium (this page)
Sapium acetosella
Sapium acutifolium
Sapium adenodon
Sapium aereum
Sapium africanum
Sapium alainianum
Sapium albomarginatum
Sapium allenii
Sapium anadenum
Sapium angulatum
Sapium angustifolium
Sapium annuum
Sapium appendiculatum
Sapium argutum
Sapium atrobadiomaculatum
Sapium aubletianum
Sapium aubrevillei
Sapium aucuparium
Sapium aureum
Sapium baccatum
Sapium berberifolium
Sapium biglandulosum
Sapium biloculare
Sapium bingerium
Sapium bingyricum
Sapium bodenbenderi
Sapium bogotense
Sapium bolivianum
Sapium bourgeaui
Sapium buchii
Sapium bussei
Sapium caribaeum
Sapium carterianum
Sapium caudatum
Sapium chihsinianum
Sapium cicatricosum
Sapium ciliatum
Sapium cladogyne
Sapium claussenianum
Sapium contortum
Sapium cornutum
Sapium cremostachyum
Sapium cuatrecasasii
Sapium cubense
Sapium cuneatum
Sapium curupita
Sapium dacdece
Sapium dalzielii
Sapium daphnoides
Sapium decipiens
Sapium dichotomum
Sapium discolor
Sapium drummondii
Sapium duckei
Sapium ellipticum
Sapium erythrospermum
Sapium eugeniaefolium
Sapium eugeniifolium
Sapium fragile
Sapium gibertii
Sapium glandulatum
Sapium glandulosum
Sapium grahamii
Sapium guaricense
Sapium guatemalense
Sapium guineense
Sapium gymnogyne
Sapium haematospermum
Sapium haitiense
Sapium hamatum
Sapium harrisii
Sapium hasslerianum
Sapium hemsleyanum
Sapium herbertiifolium
Sapium hexandrum
Sapium hildebrandtii
Sapium hippomane
Sapium hurmais
Sapium ilicifolium
Sapium indicum
Sapium insigne
Sapium integerrimum
Sapium integrifolium
Sapium intercedens
Sapium itzanum
Sapium ixiamasense
Sapium izabalense
Sapium japonicum
Sapium jenmannii
Sapium kerstingii
Sapium laevifolium
Sapium laevigatum
Sapium lanceolatum
Sapium lateriflorum
Sapium latifolium
Sapium laui
Sapium laurifolium
Sapium laurocerasus
Sapium leitera
Sapium leonardii-crispi
Sapium leptadenium
Sapium leucogynum
Sapium linearifolium
Sapium lineatum
Sapium longipes
Sapium loziense
Sapium luzonicum
Sapium macrocarpum
Sapium macrophyllum
Sapium maestrense
Sapium mammosum
Sapium mannianum
Sapium marginatum
Sapium marmieri
Sapium microdentatum
Sapium moaense
Sapium montanum
Sapium moritzianum
Sapium myrmecophilum
Sapium naiguatense
Sapium obovatum
Sapium obtusilobum
Sapium occidentale
Sapium oligoneurum
Sapium oppositifolium
Sapium ovalifolium
Sapium pachystachys
Sapium pallidum
Sapium paranaense
Sapium parvifolium
Sapium patagonicum
Sapium patens
Sapium paucinervium
Sapium paucistamineum
Sapium pavonianum
Sapium pedicellatum
Sapium peloto
Sapium perrieri
Sapium petiolare
Sapium pittieri
Sapium pleiocarpum
Sapium pleiostachys
Sapium plumerioides
Sapium poggei
Sapium populifolium
Sapium prunifolium
Sapium putumayense
Sapium rhombifolium
Sapium rigidifolium
Sapium rojasii
Sapium rotundifolium
Sapium ruizii
Sapium salicifolium
Sapium salpingadenium
Sapium saltense
Sapium sanchezii
Sapium sceleratum
Sapium schippii
Sapium schmitzii
Sapium sebiferum
Sapium sellowianum
Sapium serratum
Sapium simii
Sapium simile
Sapium solisii
Sapium sterculiaceum
Sapium steyermarkii
Sapium stylare
Sapium suberosum
Sapium sublanceolatum
Sapium submarginatum
Sapium subserratum
Sapium subulatum
Sapium suffruticosum
Sapium sulciferum
Sapium sylvaticum
Sapium tanguinum
Sapium tenellum
Sapium terminale
Sapium thelocarpum
Sapium tijucense
Sapium tolimense
Sapium triloculare
Sapium triste
Sapium tuerckheimianum
Sapium utile
Sapium veracruzense
Sapium verum
Sapium warmingii
Sapium xylocarpum
Sapium yutajense
Sapium zelayense
Acalypha
Acalyphoideae
Acidocroton
Actinostemon
Adelia
Adenochlaena
Adenocline
Adenopeltis
Afrotrewia
Alchornea
Aleurites
Archileptopus
Avellanita
Benoistieae
Bocquillonia
Bossera
Brasiliocroton
Cephalocroton
Chamaesyce
Cheilosoideae
Chlamydojatropha
Chorisandrachne
Chrozophora
Cleidiocarpon
Cnidoscolus
Codiaeum
Cometia
Conceveiba
Cordemoya
Crotonoideae
Crotonopsis
Danguyodrypetes
Elaeophorbia
Eleutherostigma
Endadenium
Endospermum
Eremocarpus
Euphorbioideae
Euphorbiospermum
Euphorbiotheca
Excoecaria
Fragariopsis
Garciadelia
Gelonium
Gitara
Givotia
Glyphostylus
Hevea
Hura
Hyaenanchoideae
Jatropha
Joanesia
Joannesia
Julocroton
Karima
Lagenoidea
Lautembergia
Leucocroton
Liodendron
Macaranga
Manihot
Manihotoides
Megalostylis
Mercurialis
Mettenia
Microstachys
Monadenium
Monotaxis
Muricococcum
Myladenia
Neoguillauminia
Omalanthus
Pachystylidium
Palaeowetherellia
Parapantadenia
Pausandra
Pedilanthus
Peroideae
Philyra
Phyllanthodendron
Plesiatropha
Pogonophora
Poinsettia
Pseudocroton
Pseudosagotia
Pterococcus
Radcliffea
Romanoa
Schinziophyton
Sclerocroton
Shonia
Stillingia
Synadenium
Synostemon
Tetracarpidium
Tragiella
Triadica
Veconcibea
Vernicia
Wetherellia
168 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

World Register of Marine Species

Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Sapium Jacq. (this page)
Euphorbia
Euphorbia L.
Excoecaria
Excoecaria L.
Shirakiopsis
Stillingia Garden ex L.
EOL is hosted by: