Telmatobius vilamensis Formas, Benavides & Cuevas 2003

Diagnosis A moderate-sized Telmatobius (38.36-50.81 mm) having the following combination of characters: (1) premaxillary and maxillary teeth absent, (2) vomers rudimentary or absent, (3) neopalatines reduced, (4) tongue nearly ovoid, elongate, almost adhered to the floor of mouth, posterior border free, (5) choanae large, circular, (6) tympanum, tympanic annulus, and columella absent, (7) snout depressed in lateral view, (8) postfemoral folds present, (9) dorsum olive green (in life), (10) cranium poorly ossified, (11) 26 bi-armed chromosomes, (12) toes webbed, (13) outer border of Toe V moderately fringed.

Know only from the type locality, the intersection of the Río Vilama and the road between San Pedro de Atacama and El Tatio (6.5 km by road from San Pedro de Atacama), Chile.

Herbacea

Perene

mucilagem, tanino, inulina, pigmentos, óleo essencial, sais minerais, potássio, cálcio, enxofre e ferro(1)

Sementes

Description of holotype Adult male (snout-vent length 46.95 mm); head large, depressed, narrower than body; head length 30.5% of snout-vent length; head broader than long (head width/ snout-vent length = 0.33; head length/head width 5 0.97). Snout subovoid in dorsal view; margin of upper jaw flared; snout strongly depressed in lateral view; loreal region flat; nostrils slightly prominent, oriented anterodorsolaterally; internarial distance 24.3% head width; internarial region flat; nostrils located approximately midway between margin of eye and anterior terminus of snout; canthus rostralis indistinct, straight in dorsal view, elevated in lateral view. Eye moderately large (30.9% head length), oriented anterodorsolaterally; tympanum, tympanic annulus, and columella absent; supratympanic fold moderately developed, extending posteroventrally from posterior corner of eyelid, terminating dorsal to forelimb; lips thin; maxillary and premaxillary teeth absent; dentigerous processes of vomers absent; choanae large (50.2% internarial distance) and subcircular; tongue ovoid, elongate, with posterior border free, unnotched, attached through approximately 80% of its length anteriorly. Forelimbs thin, with dermal antebranchial fold; dorsal surfaces of wrist and second fingers granular; ventral surfaces of arm and forearm with minute white spines; Finger I slightly longer than Finger II; relative lengths of digits on forelimb: III>IV>I>II; palmar webbing absent; tips of fingers rounded; lateral fringes present on Fingers II and III; inner palmar tubercle large, depressed and fusiform; diameter of outer metacarpal tubercle about 66.6% inner tubercle, ovoid, not depressed; subarticular tubercles simple, rounded, scarcely protruding; two subarticular tubercles on digits III and IV, one on digits I and II; numerous supernumerary tubercles present; nuptial pad present on inner surface of pollex, consisting of a weakly cornified plate with numerous, small, conical, dark spines. Hind limbs long (approximately 158.2% snout-vent length) and slender; toes long, thin; length of toes: IV>V>III>II>I; toes webbed; webbing diminishing distally to form wide fringes along lateral margins of toes; outer border of Toe V moderately fringed; interdigital plantar webbing with smooth margins; tips of toes rounded, slightly smaller than tips of fingers; inner metatarsal tubercle small, subelliptical and prominent; outer metatarsal tubercle small, rounded, and prominent, about 20% size of inner tubercle; subarticular tubercles rounded, small, raised; subarticular tubercle formula: I (1), II (1), III (2), IV (3), V (2); supernumerary plantar tubercles few, small; tarsal fold distinct, extending approximately 66.6% length of tarsus, continuous distally with fringe along inner margin of Toe I; postfemoral fold well developed. Skin smooth dorsally; skin of venter granular with numerous, transparent, minute spines; throat smooth; cloacal opening directed posteriorly at dorsal level of thighs; opening round and ornamented with folds and papillae; ventral surface of postfemoral fold with small granules and minute transparent spines; ventral skin of thigh loose, folded. Measurements (in mm): snout-vent length 46.95, head length 15.50, head width 15.51, interorbital distance 3.24, eye-nostril distance 3.20, eye diameter 4.65, hand length 8.57, radioulnar length 10.79, tibia length 19.49, foot length 33.13. Color in preservative: Dorsal surfaces of body, upper arms, and legs dark gray; scattered, distinct, dark brown spots on dorsum; minute spots on dorsal surfaces of arms and legs; venter and throat cream; ventral surfaces of legs with small, irregular white spots. Color in life: Dorsum dark green with dark brown spots; venter and throat white. Larval morphology Larvae in stages 35-40 (Gosner, 1960) large (total length 77.71-78.15 mm; body length 31.79-34.06 mm) and robust; tail relatively short (1.5 x body length) and thick; body ovoid in lateral view; lateral profile of tip of snout gently rounded; nostrils ovoid, not protuberant; apertures situated anterodorsolaterally, with cutaneous fringe; internarial distance 150% interocular distance; nostrils closer to anterior border of eye than tip of snout; eyes circular, located in shallow depression; situated anterodorsolaterally; in life, iris with melanophores and golden tints; width of oral disc 120% interocular distance; oral disc anteroventral, transangular; rostral gap present and mental gap absent; single row of marginal papillae present along periphery of disc, marginal papillae absent in rostral region; one row of intramarginal papillae (n = 13-16) in mental area; papillae present in infra-angular and supra-angular regions 14-17, respectively; rostrodonts wider than tall well keratinized; suprarostrodonts and infrarostrodonts with serrations and dark brown pigmentation; keratodonts formula 2(2)/4 (1,2); spiracular tube sinistral, short, situated laterally; aperture oval, diameter 110% eye diameter; proctodeal tube triangular, opaque (in 10% formalin), wide; vent opening dextral, not visible in ventral position; distal end ovoid; dorsal fin not extending onto body; ventral fin begins at end of proctodeal tube; tail tip rounded; maximum width of dorsal and ventral fins slightly posterior of midlength of tail; fin depth exceeding body depth; myomeres and fins with irregular, dark brown spots; body dark brown (formalin 10%); internal organs not visible; hind limbs with minute melanophores.

Europa

DD. Data Deficient.

Telmatobius vilamensis is a species of frog in the family Telmatobiidae. It is endemic to northern Chile and only known from its type locality, Río Vilama near San Pedro de Atacama. The specific name vilamensis refers to the type locality. It may already be extinct, although it is doubtfully distinct from Telmatobius halli.