Diseases and Parasites
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İngilizce
)
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Epitheliocystis. Bacterial diseases
Life Cycle
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İngilizce
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Eggs are laid in gelatinous masses guarded by one or both parents until hatching (Ref. 35432). However, more recent evidence suggests that care is provided by the female alone (Ref. 104883).
Migration
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İngilizce
)
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Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Trophic Strategy
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İngilizce
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Benthic. Feeds on worms, crustaceans, molluscs, sea squirts, sea urchins and fishes (Ref. 58426). It is preyed upon by barndoor skate, longhorn sculpin and sea raven. Parasites of the species include 4 protozoans, 2 myxosporidians, trematode, cestode, 3 nematodes, 2 acanthocephalans, hirudinoid and copepod (Ref. 5951).
Biology
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İngilizce
)
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Benthic; feeds on worms, crustaceans, molluscs, sea squirts, sea urchins and fishes (Ref. 58426).
Importance
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İngilizce
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fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
