nomes no trilho de navegação
Podarcis hispanica zo ur stlejvil kreizdouarel ar c'hornôg. Kavet e vez eus su Bro-C'hall da Dunizia.
Die Spanische Mauereidechse (Podarcis hispanicus) oder Iberische Mauereidechse gehört zur Familie der Echten Eidechsen (Lacertidae) und zur Gattung der Mauereidechsen (Podarcis).
Die Spanische Mauereidechse erreicht eine Gesamtlänge von 18 bis 20 Zentimeter. Sie ist eine typische schlanke Mauereidechse mit bräunlicher Grundfarbe und spitzer Schnauze.
Die Eidechse lebt auf der Iberischen Halbinsel, in Nordwestafrika und im äußersten Südwesten Frankreichs im Languedoc-Roussillon, dort nur direkt im Küstengebiet des Mittelmeers. Sie besiedelt vor allem trockene, felsige, nur spärlich bewachsene Biotope, auch Baumstämme. Sie kommt bis zu einer Höhe von 1800 Meter vor und traut sich auch in die Nähe menschlicher Siedlungen. In Nordspanien lebt sie zusammen mit der Mauereidechse (Podarcis muralis). In warmen Klimaten sind die Spanische Mauereidechsen den ganzen Tag aktiv und halten auch keinen Winterschlaf. Die Stülpnasenotter (Vipera latastei) ist ein Fressfeind der Eidechsen. Die Spanische Mauereidechse kann die Anwesenheit dieses Fressfeindes chemosensorisch wahrnehmen.
Die Spanische Mauereidechse frisst Insekten wie Fliegen, Schmetterlinge, Echte Grillen und Heuschrecken, aber auch Asseln, Spinnen und Tausendfüßer. Nach dem Fressen wischen sie sich das Maul mit seitlichen Bewegungen an Gegenständen sauber.
Die Spanische Mauereidechse (Podarcis hispanicus) oder Iberische Mauereidechse gehört zur Familie der Echten Eidechsen (Lacertidae) und zur Gattung der Mauereidechsen (Podarcis).
Podarcis hispanica ye una d'as especies de sargantana més comuns en a Val de l'Ebro, y representa a evolución d'o chenero Podarcis en tierras de clima mediterranio d'a Peninsula Iberica y costa de Berbería, abendo-se adaptato muito bien a ambients antropizatos.
S'han descrito muitas razas cheograficas d'a Peninsula Iberica, sud de Francia y norte d'Africa pero actualment se considera que a sola subespecie definible que se troba en a Peninsula Iberica ye Podarcis hispanica hispanica. A subespecie P.h.sebastiani no se considera valida. A subespecie d'Els Columbrets Podarcis hispanica atrata ye considerata por bells autors como una especie diferent.
Podarcis hispanica ye una d'as especies de sargantana més comuns en a Val de l'Ebro, y representa a evolución d'o chenero Podarcis en tierras de clima mediterranio d'a Peninsula Iberica y costa de Berbería, abendo-se adaptato muito bien a ambients antropizatos.
Podarcis hispanicus, also known as Iberian wall lizard, is a small wall lizard species of the genus Podarcis. It is found in the Iberian peninsula, in northwestern Africa and in coastal districts in Languedoc-Roussillon in France. In Spanish, this lizard is commonly called lagartija Ibérica.[1]
The Iberian wall lizard is very agile and can move rapidly across a rock face. Males are somewhat territorial. Females lay clutches of one to five oval eggs which hatch in about eight weeks. At birth, the juveniles have a snout-to-vent length of 2 to 2.5 cm (0.8 to 1.0 in). The lifespan of this lizard is about four years.[2]
Podarcis hispaniscus was first described in Steindachner’s works in 1870 and are composed of multiple distinct lineages. Most research has been done on the Spanish Levant form of Podarcis hispanicus. They are commonly found in the Baetic mountains and south of Rio Guadalquivir. The North African Podarcis hispaniscus are now ranked as Padarcis vaucheri. They are all conspecifics of Podarcis liolepis.
In Portugal, there are two distinct morphotypes of P. hispaniscus, type 1 resides in Northern Portugal and type 2 resides sparsely throughout and also in Southern Portugal. In Spain, type 1 P. hispanicus resides in the central and Northern region while type 2 resides south of the Iberian Central Mountain mountains.
Podarcis hispaniscus are now understood as a complex with five ranks: Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis carbonelli, Podarcis hispaniscus, Podarcis liolepis and Podarcis vaucheri.[3]
Podarcis hispanicus shares many traits with Podarcis virescens.
Higher taxa for Podarcis hispanicus include family of lizards such as Lacertidae, Lacertinae, Lacertini, Sauria, Lacertoidea, and Squamata.
Podarcis hispanicus adults have a brown or grey-brown skin with darker spots or patterns on their back and side flanks. These lizards can have a range in size due to their varying tail sizes. It is a fairly small, slender, and somewhat flattened species with a snout-to-vent length (SVL) averaging 50–70 mm (2.0–2.8 in) and a tail twice as long as its body.
Podarcis hispanicus have limited color diversity compared to other species.[4] These lizards can also have stripes or reticulations. Striped lizards are darker and have more black coloration than their reticulated counterparts.[5] The background color is usually grey or brown but is occasionally greenish. Most individuals have three narrow longitudinal stripes, one along the spine and the other two more distinct, located on either side. Sometimes these are broken up into a series of streaks or marks. The throat is pale with a scattering of small spots, particularly near the sides, and the belly is usually whitish but may be pink, orange, red or buff. Young lizards may have blue tails.[2]
The morphology of Podarcis hispanicus slightly differs depending on their environment. Lizards in cooler regions are typically heavier, larger and have darker back coloration than lizards in warmer and humid environments.[6] The Podarcis hispanicus is an insectivorous that feeds on insects, worms and other invertebrates. Isolated cases of caudophagy has been observed in the species, where a Pordacis hispanicus was found to feed on a tail of another member of the same species.[7] Pordacis hispanicus is a territorial lacertid lizard where males display territorial tendencies like aggression in their resident territory with sexual partners.
Podarcis hispanicus tails are autotomizable. The tail can be removed without much harm towards the lizard and can be sacrificed as a last resort escape mechanism. Podarcis hispanicus may have blue or green tail coloration contrasting their darker grey or brown skin complex. Tail coloration serve to indicate subordination to other dominant conspecifics, or to seem unpalatable for other predators.[5] These vibrant tails may also serve as decoys to divert predator’s attacks from vital areas that would experience greater bodily harm. In these scenarios, the lizard will wag their tail to attract the attention of the predator. If an Iberian Wall Lizard were to be attacked, attacks on the tail would increase its escape probability because the tail can fall off. This is a commonly observed escape behavior in the species.
During reproductive season, the lowland Podarcis hispanicus ventral coloration changes to a lighter shade. This color variation is a part of an important social communication. It is thought that the lizards resort to a lighter coloration to maximize visibility for potential mates. In non-reproductive season, the coloration trends reverse. The lowland lizards will change to a darker shade and the highland lizards will change to a brighter coloration.[8] Similarly, during reproductive seasons, the lowland Podarcis hispanicus dorsal coloration brightens. This helps with their thermoregulation, Podarcis hispanicus in high altitudes will often revert to a darker coloration to prevent them against UV-radiation. They also change their coloration to adapt to the environment or background matching. This prevents them from being easily detectable by predators. The thermoregulation mechanisms of these lizards help them to maintain ideal body temperature, allowing for better mobility.[8]
Several different subspecies of the Iberian wall lizard are found in Spain and Portugal (where it is the only small lizard over most of the southern half of Iberia), southwestern France, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
A subspecies of this lizard, Podarcis hispanica atrata, lives in the Columbretes Islands far off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.[1]
Studies of mitochondrial DNA have shown that there is some gene flow between these species and that they hybridise to some extent where their ranges meet.[9]
It is a climbing lizard and is found on rocks, cliffs, walls, parapets, road cuttings and occasionally tree trunks at altitudes of up to 2,500 m (8,200 ft).[2]
Male Podarcis hispanicus employ strategies during conflict to minimize the risk of injury and avoid excess energy expenditure. These strategies allow them to increase their chance of survival. Podarcis hispaniscus are rarely involved in aggression towards their opposite sex counter parts. The male aggressive response is often intra-sexual and motivated by resources and potential mates. Female presence increases the chance of a male resident lizard’s success in a given fight.[10] However, if the resident male already has a female mate, another female’s presence does not affect the outcome of this aggression. The female presence increases the value of the territory for the resident male, whereas it does not change the value of winning the territory for the intruder male lizard. Resident males seek submissive behavior to avoid unnecessary aggression. Foot shaking and tail twitches are some behaviors that indicates submission, which the resident male will notice and not respond aggressively.[10]
Podarcis hispanicus are able to recognize past competitors through their memory of the competitors’ physical features or chemosensory cues. Their competitor recognition agonistic behavior allows the Pordacis hispaniscus to determine the outcome of their conflict more quickly and often leads to shorter aggression time on the second encounter.[4] This agonistic behavior is advantageous for male adult Podarcis hispanicus to disengage in a conflict when they become aware of a losing outcome, or to assert dominance without expending excess energy. The reduction in aggressiveness is not exclusive to Podarcis hispanicus as they are also observed in other species like lobsters.[11] Podarcis hispanicus can also use their sense to recognize non threatening neighbors to them.[10]
Podarcis hispanicus sociability is greatly dependent on their conspecific recognition of sex, reproducibility, social ranking and group membership. True individual recognition allows lizards to establish long-term partners and determine mating possibilities. The Podarcis hispanicus’ awareness of these reproductive mechanisms allow for their special population to reach stability. Podarcis hispanicus uses scent marks even in the visual absence of the signaler to assess their contestant and determine the resident’s territorial behavior. This allows for early assessment of their situation even when the other lizard is not seen, the Podarcis hispanicus can choose to ignore or engage in attack. The Podarcis hispanicus recognizes a scent mark through chemosensory. Chemosensory allows the lizard to identify intra-specific chemical cues like pheromone components which indicates a lizards sex and identity.[4][12]
The scent mark allows the lizard to recognize the location of neighbors. Scent marks are useful in allowing the communication information in absence of the signaler. Lizards will still use this location information along with the frequency and location of the scent mark to evaluate the threat. A frequent scent mark of an intruder at the core of a resident’s territory is perceived as a much greater threat than an infrequent scent mark, or a frequent scent mark at the borders of its territory. Depending on how great the perceived threat is, the resident lizard may choose to either not respond, approach, chase, display dominance, lunge, bite or bite and grip to incur injury.[12] This scent mark also allow for sex discrimination during the reproductive seasons, males and females can initiate contact based on the information from their scent marks.[4][13]
Podarcis hispanicus are territorial species and readily explore new environments. Upon arrival to a new environment, the lizard will display tongue flicks that decline over time as it becomes habituated to the new environment. Tongue flicking is a behavior that allows the lizard to collect substrate chemicals from its surroundings and recognize scent marks. This exploratory behavior is also evident when the lizard detects other neighbors or intruders in its territory. Tongue flicking is both an exploratory and anti-predatory behavior as lizards can detect the chemical stimuli of its predators like snakes. The lizard can detect snakes because snakes will also have scent secretion that the lizard can detect through tongue flicking.[14]
Podarcis hispanicus secretes chemicals that allow for intra-specific communication. These chemicals indicate the individual’s sex and other genetic information. The chemical secretion also varies in different climate conditions. In more humid environments, Podarcis hispanicus chemical secretions are generally more volatile and have higher chemical stability. In courtship, chemosensory allows for male lizards to identify females during breeding season and identify the female’s special identity. Compatibility in special identity is integral for successful copulation. Chemosensory recognition is more sensitive among males as they are greatly utilized in intra-sexual aggression. This also allows for males to recognize its known neighbors and will not engage in anti predatory behaviors.[14] In males lizards, the chemical stimuli is released from the femoral glands. Femoral glands are generally larger and more active in males.
Sensory cues can be used for neighbor habituation. Consecutive sensory habituation allows for lizards to distinguish between a familiar neighbor and potential predators or intruders.[4] While Podarcis hispanicus males are often territorial, if their territory has high frequency of predators they are more likely to co-habituate with other males, as long as there is enough resources available.
Territorial Podarcis hispanicus are observed to be less aggressive towards neighbors than intruders. This “dear enemy” behavior is advantageous in that it minimizes the costs of exertion for anti-predatory behaviors, and eliminates unnecessary conflicts. For Podarcis hispanicus, intra-sexual aggression is frequent during breeding seasons. Therefore, it is advantageous for males to avoid conflict whenever necessary.[12]
Podarcis hispanicus have a polygynandrous mating system, leading to Iberian wall lizards having multiple mating partners. Male Podarcis hispanicus lizards have greater reproductive success than females because of their dominance and ability to territorial behaviors. Dominant male lizards have multiple copulating partners. Additionally, there is little courtship prior to copulation in this species. Hence, the male Podarcis hispanicus are often a lot more territorial and defensive of their resources rather than their mating partner. It is still unknown how involved the Podarcis hispanicus are to their offsprings.[15]
In search of habitation, female lizards use their chemosensory mechanisms to identify territories with conspecific male lizards. The presence of a conspecific male indicates to female lizards that there is refuge, resource availability and lack of predation. The female will also choose territories with conspecific dominant male Podarcis hispanicus during the reproductive season for potential mating. While intersexual aggression is not often observed in Podarcis hispanicus, females may prefer smaller male lizards to avoid sexual harassment from more dominant males.[15]
Males lizards often hold territories with multiple females. Male lizards do not prefer unfamiliar females because this requires them to go away from their territory. Male Podarcis hispanicus maximizes his reproductive success by preferentially mating with females in the same territory as him.
Similarly for an intruder male, the cost of entering another territorial male’s territory to seek courtship is high and often unpreferable. An intruder Podarcis hispanicus male may still venture into a taken territory to challenge the dominant male if it is stronger and larger. In general, intruder male lizards also prefer and value a familiar female compared to an unfamiliar one. For intruders, it is most likely that the cost of competing outweighs the benefit of a single mating.[15]
Podarcis hispanicus are oviparous.[16]
The Iberian wall lizard has a wide range and is common over much of that range. It is assumed to have a large total population, it is able to adapt to modifications of its habitat and it faces no particular threats. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]
As Podarcis hispaniscus are native to the Iberian Peninsula, Northwestern Africa and coastal districts of Languedoc-Roussillon in France, all these habitats are altering with increasing human activities. The Podarcis hispanicus exploratory behavior may be survival advantage, as the learning more about their habitat will help them with their competition and predatory strategies. Those Iberian wall lizards with tendencies to explore more will habituate faster than their corresponding environmental changes.[17]
Lizards that have habituated to urban sites tend to spend less time hidden after predatory attacks and also have a shorter hiding period than rural lizards. Increased human exposure leads to different levels of wariness towards a potential predator.[17][18] Lizards also adapt their risk assessment according to variation of environmental conditions and predatory pressures. The response to humans have been studied in a closely-related species, Podarcis muralis, which showed they have become habituated to humans. This species no longer recognizes humans as predators suggesting that urbanization is changing the lizards’ habitats, but these lizards are also slowly adapting to these environmental changes.
Media related to Podarcis hispanica at Wikimedia Commons
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Podarcis hispanicus, also known as Iberian wall lizard, is a small wall lizard species of the genus Podarcis. It is found in the Iberian peninsula, in northwestern Africa and in coastal districts in Languedoc-Roussillon in France. In Spanish, this lizard is commonly called lagartija Ibérica.
The Iberian wall lizard is very agile and can move rapidly across a rock face. Males are somewhat territorial. Females lay clutches of one to five oval eggs which hatch in about eight weeks. At birth, the juveniles have a snout-to-vent length of 2 to 2.5 cm (0.8 to 1.0 in). The lifespan of this lizard is about four years.
La lagartija ibérica (Podarcis hispanicus) es una especie de saurópsido (reptil) escamoso de la familia Lacertidae que vive en la península ibérica (excepto áreas de alta montaña y noroeste de Galicia), norte de África y sureste de Francia, donde sigue el curso del Ródano hasta Lyon. Algunas poblaciones habitan en islotes cercanos a las costas ibéricas donde son más sensibles a la actividad humana. La especie también es conocida como lagartija común y lagartija hispánica, así como sargantana o sargrantana en el este de España.[cita requerida]
El rango de tamaños más común entre los machos varía entre 4,2 y 5,9 centímetros de la punta del morro a la cloaca, aunque algunos individuos pueden alcanzar los 6,5 cm. Las hembras, más pequeñas y gráciles, miden de 4,1 a 5,7 cm. La cola puede llegar a alcanzar hasta 10 centímetros, prácticamente el doble que el resto del cuerpo. Al igual que en otros reptiles emparentados, parte de esta se desprende y mueve frenéticamente cuando es atrapada por un depredador, permitiendo escapar a la lagartija. Además de en el tamaño y la corpulencia, los machos se diferencian de las hembras por su cabeza masiva, triangular y de escamas más marcadas, así como en la mayor longitud de las patas, sobre todo las traseras.
El color y dibujo de la piel varía enormemente de una zona a otra e incluso entre individuos de una misma población. Por lo general es pardo-verdoso, a veces rojizo en la zona de la espalda, cuello y cabeza. En estos lugares pueden aparecer moteaduras o retículas, algo característico de los machos. Predomina la presencia de bandas laterales, especialmente en las hembras, entre las que destacan dos gruesas y oscuras que pueden ir perfiladas por otras amarillentas más delgadas. El pecho, aplanado, es de color amarillento y presenta menos escamas ventrales en machos (25-30) que en hembras (28-36). La cola también posee un rango de colores enormemente variable (pardo, verdoso, rojizo, amarillento o incluso azulada característica propia de los ejemplares juveniles), pudiendo ser uniforme, con dos colores distintos o incluso con manchas oscuras alineadas a todo lo largo de la misma.
La lagartija hispánica abunda con mayor frecuencia en terrenos rocosos o pedregosos, donde cuenta de forma simultánea con plataformas donde tomar el sol y refugios donde esconderse en caso de peligro. En zonas rurales habita también en casas y muros de piedra que le proporcionan las mismas características; se encuentra también en áreas de bosque, pradera y matorral, aunque algunas actividades humanas asociadas a la agricultura extensiva pueden haberla hecho desaparecer de algunas zonas. Las lagartijas ibéricas no muestran un auténtico comportamiento territorial.
Los ejemplares de esta especie no hibernan realmente, sino que se mantienen activos la mayor parte del año. Sólo la existencia de episodios realmente fríos en el invierno pueden forzarlos a no abandonar sus refugios durante un tiempo. La especie necesita veranos cálidos, por esta razón está ausente en las áreas con los veranos más frescos de la península ibérica, como Asturias y el norte de Galicia, así como en las áreas de montaña por encima de los 1650 msnm.
Depreda sobre todo insectos y arácnidos de menos de 25 mm de longitud, tanto en tierra como sobre los árboles. A su vez, es presa de múltiples depredadores entre los que se incluyen el lagarto ocelado, varias culebras, aves y mamíferos carnívoros como la comadreja, el gato montés y el doméstico (asilvestrado o no).
La época de celo se produce entre marzo y junio, época en que resultan más visibles. Los machos se vuelven más activos y pelean entre sí, tratando de mantener alejados a sus competidores de las hembras. Tras asegurarse de su triunfo, el vencedor protagoniza unas cópulas que pueden llegar a durar una hora, aunque generalmente son más breves.
A lo largo de estos meses, las hembras realizan varias puestas que oscilan entre 1 y 5 huevos que se incuban con el calor del ambiente entre 40 y 80 días. Las crías nacen con el cuerpo pardo y la cola verde-azulada, por lo que pueden confundirse con las de su pariente la lagartija gallega (Podarcis bocagei), de aspecto muy similar. La madurez sexual no llega hasta el segundo año de vida, cuando rondan los 4'5 centímetros.
Dada la gran variabilidad morfológica y de color de la especie, no es de extrañar que en los últimos tiempos se haya tendido a cuestionar su naturaleza monotípica. Por esta razón, en la actualidad se están llevando a cabo diversos proyectos que pretenden hacer un muestreo y estudio a gran escala de la morfología y material genético de cada población de lagartija ibérica.
Los primeros resultados indican que el grupo no es monofilético y también demasiado amplio como para tratarse de una sola especie. Lo más probable es que se efectúen revisiones taxonómicas de la especie en un futuro próximo.[2][3][4]
De acuerdo con Reptile DataBase, se reconocen tres subespecies:[5]
La lagartija ibérica (Podarcis hispanicus) es una especie de saurópsido (reptil) escamoso de la familia Lacertidae que vive en la península ibérica (excepto áreas de alta montaña y noroeste de Galicia), norte de África y sureste de Francia, donde sigue el curso del Ródano hasta Lyon. Algunas poblaciones habitan en islotes cercanos a las costas ibéricas donde son más sensibles a la actividad humana. La especie también es conocida como lagartija común y lagartija hispánica, así como sargantana o sargrantana en el este de España.[cita requerida]
Iberiar sugandila (Podarcis hispanicus) Iberiar Penintsulan, Languedoc-Roussillon Frantziako eskualdean eta ipar-mendebaldeko Afrikan bizi den Lacertidae familiako sugandilara.[1]
Columbrete uharteetan Podarcis hispanicus atrata azpiespeziea endemikoa dago.
Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz. Iberiar sugandila (Podarcis hispanicus) Iberiar Penintsulan, Languedoc-Roussillon Frantziako eskualdean eta ipar-mendebaldeko Afrikan bizi den Lacertidae familiako sugandilara.
Columbrete uharteetan Podarcis hispanicus atrata azpiespeziea endemikoa dago.
Podarcis hispanicus est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Lacertidae[1].
L'espèce dans son acception ancienne couvrait le sud de la France, en Espagne et au Portugal, mais des sous-espèces ayant été élevées au rang d'espèce (pour la France Podarcis liolepis), elle ne couvre plus que la Murcie et ses alentours[2].
Podarcis hispanicus est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Lacertidae.
A lagarta dos penedos (Podarcis hispanica[1]) é unha especie de réptil escamoso da familia Lacertidae que vive na maior parte da península Ibérica, incluída a metade sur de Galicia, norte de África e sueste de Francia, onde segue o curso do Ródano ata Lión. Algunhas poboacións habitan en illotes achegados ás costas ibéricas, como por exemplo as Illas Columbretes (onde existe a subespecie endémica P. h. atrata) ou algunhas illas galegas.
O seu nome científico tradicionalmente é Podarcis hispanica, pero non está claro se a palabra "Podarcis" é masculina ou feminina. Algúns considérana masculina e, nese caso, o nome científico sería Podarcis hispanicus[2]. A Comisión Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoolóxica dictaminará cal é o nome aceptado.
É a menor das tres especies de Podarcis que se encontran en territorio galego.[1] O rango de tamaños máis común entre os machos varía entre 4,2 e 5,9 cm da punta do fociño á cloaca, aínda que algúns individuos poden acadar os 6,5 cm. As femias, máis pequenas e gráciles, miden de 4,1 a 5,7 cm. O rabo pode chegar aos 10 cm, practicamente o dobre que o resto do corpo. Igual que noutros réptiles emparentados, parte do rabo despréndese e móvese freneticamente cando é atacada por un depredador, permitindo que a lagarta lisque. Ademais de no tamaño e a corpulencia, os machos diferéncianse das femias pola súa cabeza masiva, triangular e de escamas máis marcadas, e pola maior lonxitude das patas, sobre todo as traseiras.
A cor e debuxo da pel varía enormemente dunha zona a outra e mesmo entre individuos dunha mesma poboación. En xeral é pardo-verdoso, ás veces avermellado na zona do dorso, pescozo e cabeza. Nesas partes poden aparecer manchas ou retículas, algo característico dos machos. Predomina a presenza de bandas laterais, especialmente nas femias, entre as que salientan dúas grosas e escuras que poden ir perfiladas por outras de tons amarelos máis delgadas. O peito, aplanado, é de cor amarelado e presenta menos escamas ventrais en machos (de 25 a 30) que en femias (de 28 a 36). O rabo tamén posúe unha gama de cores enormemente variable (pardo, verdoso, avermellado, amarelado ou mesmo azulado como é característico dos exemplares xuvenís), pero pode ser uniforme, con dúas cores distintas ou con manchas escuras aliñadas lonxitudinalmente.
A lagarta dos penedos abunda con maior frecuencia en terreos rochosos ou pedregosos, onde conta de forma simultánea con plataformas onde tomar o sol e refuxios onde agocharse en caso de perigo. En zonas rurais habita tamén en casas e muros de pedra que lle proporcionan as mesmas características; encóntrase tamén en áreas de bosque, pradería e matos e toxeiras, aínda que as actividades humanas asociadas á agricultura extensiva puideron facela desaparecer dalgunhas zonas. As lagartas dos penedos non mostran un auténtico comportamento territorial.
Os exemplares desta especie non hibernan realmente, senón que se manteñen activos a maior parte do ano. Só a existencia de episodios realmente fríos en inverno pode forzalos a non abandonar os seus refuxios durante un tempo. Por esta razón, a especie está ausente nas áreas máis frías da península Ibérica como o noroeste de Asturias e norte de Galicia, e nas áreas de montaña por riba dos 1.650 msnm.
Depreda sobre todo insectos e arácnidos de menos de 25 mm de lonxitude, tanto en terra coma sobre as árbores. Á súa vez, é presa de múltiples depredadores entre os que están o lagarto arnal, varias cobras, aves e mamíferos carnívoros como a denosiña, o gato bravo e o doméstico (asilvestrado ou non).
A época de celo é entre marzo e xuño, época en que son máis visibles. Os machos vólvense máis activos e pelexan entre eles, tratando de manter afastados aos seus competidores. Tras asegurarse do seu triunfo, o vencedor realiza unhas cópulas que poden chegar a durar unha hora, aínda que xeralmente son máis breves.
Durante eses meses, as femias realizan varias postas que oscilan entre 1 e 5 ovos, que se incuban coa calor ambiental entre 40 e 80 días. As crías nacen co corpo pardo e o rabo verde-azulado, polo que poden confundirse coas da súa parente a lagarta galega (Podarcis bocagei), de aspecto moi similar. A madurez sexual non chega ata o segundo ano de vida, cando rondan os 4,5 cm.
Dada a gran variabilidade morfolóxica e de cor da especie, non é de estrañar que nos últimos anos se cuestionase a súa natureza monotípica. Por esta razón, na actualidade estanse a levar a cabo diversos proxectos que pretenden facer unha mostraxe e estudo a gran escala da morfoloxía e xenética de cada poboación de lagarta dos penedos.
Os primeiros resultados indican que o grupo non é monofilético e tamén demasiado amplo como para tratarse dunha soa especie. O máis probable é que se realice unha revisión taxonómica da especie nun futuro próximo.[3]
A lagarta dos penedos (Podarcis hispanica) é unha especie de réptil escamoso da familia Lacertidae que vive na maior parte da península Ibérica, incluída a metade sur de Galicia, norte de África e sueste de Francia, onde segue o curso do Ródano ata Lión. Algunhas poboacións habitan en illotes achegados ás costas ibéricas, como por exemplo as Illas Columbretes (onde existe a subespecie endémica P. h. atrata) ou algunhas illas galegas.
La lucertola iberica o lucertola spagnola (Podarcis hispanicus (Steindachner, 1870)), dal greco antico ποδάρκης (podarcis = piè veloce), è un rettile appartenente alla famiglia dei lacertidi.[2]
È una specie ovipara. Si riproduce più volte in un anno deponendo da una a cinque uova.[1]
P. hispanicus è diffusa in quasi tutta la penisola iberica e nelle zone meridionali della Francia. Il suo areale si estende fino alle Isole Columbretes e Chafarinas.[1]
L'habitat di P. hispanicus è rappresentato da aree rocciose o ricche di vegetazione. La si può trovare anche presso muri di pietra o nelle fessure delle case di campagna. Segnalata dal livello del mare, fino a 3.481 metri di altezza.
Inizialmente, a P. hispanicus era stata assegnata la sottospecie P. h. vaucheri, ma in seguito, venne riconosciuta come una specie a parte. Un'altra possibile sottospecie è P. h. atrata, endemica delle Isole Columbretes e Chafarinas, ma la questione è ancora infondata.[1]
La lucertola iberica o lucertola spagnola (Podarcis hispanicus (Steindachner, 1870)), dal greco antico ποδάρκης (podarcis = piè veloce), è un rettile appartenente alla famiglia dei lacertidi.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Murówka hiszpańska (Podarcis hispanicus syn. Podarcis hispanica) – gatunek gada z rodziny jaszczurek właściwych.
Murówka hiszpańska (Podarcis hispanicus syn. Podarcis hispanica) – gatunek gada z rodziny jaszczurek właściwych.
Występowanie Półwysep Iberyjski, płd. Francja, płn.-zach. Afryka. Wygląd Mała, o spiczastym pysku, długi ogon, brązowy, szarobrązowy lub zielony grzbiet, boki pokryte jasnymi cętkami. Brzuch biały, żółty, bladoczerwony lub czerwony, podgardle pokryte czarnymi kropkami. Długość całkowita 180 - 200 mm. Środowisko Suche, skaliste obszary, także w sąsiedztwie człowieka. Tryb życia Aktywna przez cały dzień przy ciepłej pogodzie. Pokarm Owady, pająki, szarańcza.
A Lagartixa-ibérica (Podarcis hispanica) é uma lagartixa do género Podarcis de 5–7 cm de comprimento em média medido do focinho até ao ventre (SVL - do inglês, snout vent length, ou seja excluindo a cauda). Pode ser encontrada na Península Ibérica, no noroeste africano e em distritos costeiros em Languedoc-Roussillon, França.
Uma subespécie deste lagarto, Podarcis hispanica atrata, vive nas Ilhas Columbretes ao largo da costa oriental da Península Ibérica.
A Lagartixa-ibérica (Podarcis hispanica) é uma lagartixa do género Podarcis de 5–7 cm de comprimento em média medido do focinho até ao ventre (SVL - do inglês, snout vent length, ou seja excluindo a cauda). Pode ser encontrada na Península Ibérica, no noroeste africano e em distritos costeiros em Languedoc-Roussillon, França.
Uma subespécie deste lagarto, Podarcis hispanica atrata, vive nas Ilhas Columbretes ao largo da costa oriental da Península Ibérica.
Podarcis hispanica là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Lacertidae. Loài này được Steindachner mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1870.[2]
_en_Extremadura.jpg)
Bài viết liên quan đến bộ bò sát có vảy này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Podarcis hispanica là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Lacertidae. Loài này được Steindachner mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1870.
_en_Extremadura.jpg)
_en_Extremadura.jpg)
