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Diagnostic Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fishbase
This species is distinguished by the following characters: body color in life light brown dorsally, center of scales whitish, 6 irregular, semicircular brown blotches along back that link narrowly to large dark brown spots on about lower 2/3 of body, with the spots vertically elongate anteriorly, horizontally elongate and darker posteriorly; head orangish brown with small dark brown spots dorsally on snout and nape, 7 narrow bluish white bars (3 on opercle and preopercle, 4 radiating from ventral and anterior part of eye); dorsal and anal fins are translucent whitish, the spinous dorsal with a large black basal spot mainly between the 3rd and 5th spines; rows or round orange spots on soft dorsal fin; small irregular white spots on anal fin; dark brown about lower third of caudal fin with small whitish spots along rays, the rest of the fin light grey with small white and orange spots along rays; D V,21, all rays branched; A I,17 all rays branched; pectoral rays 16-17, branched except uppermost; 57-58 lateral line scales; gill rakers 4-6 + 8-10; lower jaw projecting, 3 pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in jaws; palatine teeth absent; vomerine teeth in a chevron-shaped patch of 3-4 rows; greatest body depth 5.05-6 in SL; head length (HL) 3.5-3.9 in SL; orbit diameter 3.6-4.4 in HL; preopercle's posterior margin with widely spaced, small, blunt serrae; opercle scales ctenoid, cheek scales weakly ctenoid dorsally, becoming cycloid, progressively smaller, nonimbricate ventrally; fourth dorsal spine is the longest, 3.1-3.8 in HL; caudal fin emarginate on dorsal half, often with protruding upper lobe, becoming rounded on ventral half; pectoral fins 5.1-5.4 in SL; pelvic fins just reaching anus (Ref. 79876).
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Morphology ( Inglês )

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Dorsal spines (total): 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 17; Vertebrae: 30
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Biology ( Inglês )

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Coastal species found in shallow estuaries and protected coastal bays to depths of about 25 m (Ref. 48636). Inhabit sand bottoms solitarily (Ref. 90102). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 48636.
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分布 ( Inglês )

fornecido por The Fish Database of Taiwan
分布於印度-西太平洋區,由波斯灣到日本南部。台灣分布於北部、東北部、西南部、南部及澎湖海域。
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利用 ( Inglês )

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中小型魚,可食用,唯魚體大小不一,亦常作下雜魚處理。
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描述 ( Inglês )

fornecido por The Fish Database of Taiwan
體延長,近似圓柱狀,尾部略側扁;頭稍小而似尖錐形。吻尖而平扁。眼中大,上側位,稍突出於頭背緣。口中大,略傾斜;上頜略短於下頜;頜齒呈絨毛狀齒帶,外側列較大,下頜前端具犬齒8枚;鋤骨具齒,腭骨無齒。體被細鱗,側線簡單而完全;側線鱗數58-60。背鰭連續,硬棘部與軟條部間具淺缺刻,具硬棘V,軟條21-22;臀鰭硬棘I,軟條18-19;胸鰭軟條17;尾鰭圓形,上葉第2-4軟條會延長尖出。體背側淡紅褐色,腹面白色;體側腹面具6個似四邊形暗紅褐色斑點,並以狹窄地連接到體背比較不明顯且像鞍狀斑的深色的斑點上。尾鰭下葉第3-4軟條深紅褐色。腹面各鰭白色。
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棲地 ( Inglês )

fornecido por The Fish Database of Taiwan
主要棲息於沿岸水淺的河口區與有遮蔽的近岸海灣,棲息深度可達大約 25 公尺。以魚類及底棲甲殼類動物為食物。
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Parapercis maculata ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Parapercis maculata és una espècie de peix de la família dels pingüipèdids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[6]

Descripció

  • Fa 20 cm de llargària màxima i, en vida, és de color marró clar amb 6 taques marrons, irregulars i semicirculars al llarg del dors, les quals s'uneixen als punts marrons foscos que té als 2/3 inferiors del cos. Cap de color marró ataronjat amb petits punts marrons i foscos al musell i el clatell. Presenta 7 franges estretes de color blanc blavós: 3 a l'opercle i al preopercle i 4 des de les àrees ventral i anterior dels ulls. 5 espines i 21 radis tous a l'aleta dorsal i 1 espina i 17 radis tous a l'anal. 16-17 radis a les aletes pectorals, tots ramificats llevat dels situats més amunt. La quarta espina de l'aleta dorsal és la més allargada del conjunt. Aletes dorsal i anal blanquinoses i translúcides. Aleta caudal emarginada a la meitat dorsal i arrodonida a la ventral. Aletes pelvianes arribant a penes a l'anus. Part tova de l'aleta dorsal amb taques rodones de color taronja. Petites taques irregulars blanques a l'aleta anal. El terç inferior de l'aleta caudal és de color marró fosc amb petites taques blanquinoses al llarg dels radis (la resta de l'aleta és de color gris clar i amb petites taques de color blanc i taronja al llarg dels radis). 30 vèrtebres. 57-58 escates a la línia lateral. Escates ctenoides a l'opercle.[7][8][9]

Alimentació

El seu nivell tròfic és de 3,42.[10]

Hàbitat i distribució geogràfica

És un peix marí, costaner, associat als esculls (fins als 25 m de fondària)[11] i de clima tropical, el qual viu a l'Índic occidental: els estuaris poc fondos i badies arrecerades[11] d'Oman,[7][12][13] Tanzània,[7][14] Madagascar,[8][15] l'Índia,[8][16] Sri Lanka[7][17] i, probablement també, Indonèsia.[8][18][19] Els informes d'aquesta espècie al Japó,[8] Hong Kong[20][8] i Taiwan[21][8] són fruit d'identificacions errònies.[22][23][4][9][24]

Observacions

És inofensiu per als humans.[9]

Referències

  1. Bleeker P., 1863. Onzième notice sur la faune ichthyologique de l'île de Ternate. Neder. Tijdschr. Dierk. V. 1. 228-238. [1]
  2. uBio (anglès)
  3. Bloch, M. E. & Schneider, J. G., 1801. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae.: i-lx + 1-584, Pls. 1-110.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  5. uBio (anglès)
  6. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  7. 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 Randall, J. E., 1995. Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p.
  8. 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 8,5 8,6 Randall, J. E., 2008. Six new sandperches of the genus Parapercis from the Western Pacific, with description of a neotype for Parapercis maculata (Bloch and Schneider). The Raffles Bull. Zool. 19:159-178.
  9. 9,0 9,1 9,2 FishBase (anglès)
  10. Sea Around Us (anglès)
  11. 11,0 11,1 Kuiter, R. H. i T. Tonozuka, 2001. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 2. Fusiliers - Dragonets, Caesionidae - Callionymidae. Zoonetics, Austràlia. 304-622 p.
  12. Manilo, L. G. i S. V. Bogorodsky, 2003. Taxonomic composition, diversity and distribution of coastal fishes of the Arabian Sea. Journal of Ichthyology, v. 43 (suppl. 1): S75-S149.
  13. Oman Fish Biodiversity (anglès)
  14. Marine Species database for Eastern Africa (anglès)
  15. Sparks, J. S. i Z. H. Baldwin, 2012. A new species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae) from Madagascar. Zootaxa, núm. 3204: 31-39.
  16. Reef-associated Fishes Occurring in India - FishBase (anglès)
  17. Reef-associated Fishes Occurring in Sri Lanka - FishBase (anglès)
  18. Allen, G. R. i M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
  19. Reef-associated Fishes Occurring in Indonesia - FishBase (anglès)
  20. Sadovy, Y. i A. S. Cornish, 2000. Reef fishes of Hong Kong. Hong Kong University Press. i-xi + 1-321.
  21. Reef-associated Fishes Occurring in Taiwan - FishBase (anglès)
  22. Randall, J.E. i K. K. P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. [2]
  23. Randall, J. E., 2001. Pinguipedidae (= Parapercidae, Mugiloididae). Sandperches. P. 3501-3510. A: K. E. Carpenter i V. Niem (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes and marine mammals. FAO, Roma.
  24. GBIF (anglès)


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 1998. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, els Estats Units.
  • Cantwell, G. E., 1964. A revision of the genus Parapercis, family Mugiloididae. Pacific Science, v. 18: 239-280.
  • Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
  • Fricke, R., T. Mulochau, P. Durville, P. Chabanet, E. Tessier i Y. Letourneur, 2009. Annotated checklist of the fish species (Pisces) of La Réunion, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie. V. 2: 1-168.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.


Enllaços externs

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wikipedia CA

Parapercis maculata: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Parapercis maculata és una espècie de peix de la família dels pingüipèdids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Parapercis maculata ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Parapercis maculata, the harlequin sandperch, is a species of marine bony fish in the family Pinguipedidae, found in shallow waters in the tropical western Indo-Pacific Ocean.

Description

The harlequin sandperch grows to a maximum length of 20 cm (8 in). It is cylindrical at the front but somewhat compressed at the back. The head is large with an oblique mouth and the eyes set near the top. There is a spine on the operculum. The dorsal fin has five spines and twenty-one (occasionally twenty-two) soft rays. The fourth spine is the longest. The anal fin has a single spine and eighteen or nineteen soft rays. The general colour is pale reddish or greyish brown, shading to white on the underparts. There are large irregular reddish-brown blotches on the back, with six distinctive reddish-brown, squarish blotches below the lateral line. The dorsal fin has rows of small orange spots on the soft rays, and the anal fin has rows of white spots. The caudal fin is slightly rounded, the second to fourth rays are a little longer than the others, and the lowest quarter is reddish brown.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The harlequin sandperch is native to shallow water in the western Indo-Pacific. Its range includes Zanzibar, India and Sri Lanka.[2] Previously its range extended further east to include Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan, but the morphology of the fish in that region was slightly different and they are now recognised as a separate species, Parapercis pulchella.[3] It is found at depths down to about 25 m (82 ft) on sandy bottoms in sheltered bays and estuaries.[4]

Biology

The harlequin sandperch is often to be seen resting on the seabed, propped up on its pelvic fins. Like many other members of its genus, it is thought to be a protogynous hermaphrodite, starting adult life as a female and later becoming a male.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b Bailly, Nicolas (2014). "Parapercis maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2015-03-11.
  2. ^ a b c Randall, John E. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 304–305. ISBN 978-0-8248-1808-1.
  3. ^ Randall, John E. (2008). "Six new sandperches of the genus Parapercis from the western Pacific, with a description of a neotype for P. maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 19: 159–178.
  4. ^ "Parapercis maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801): Harlequin sandperch". FishBase. Retrieved 2015-03-03.
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Parapercis maculata: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Parapercis maculata, the harlequin sandperch, is a species of marine bony fish in the family Pinguipedidae, found in shallow waters in the tropical western Indo-Pacific Ocean.

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Parapercis maculata ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Parapercis maculata Parapercis generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Pinguipedidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Parapercis maculata FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Parapercis maculata: Brief Summary ( Basco )

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Parapercis maculata Parapercis generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Pinguipedidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Parapercis maculata ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Vissen

Parapercis maculata is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van krokodilvissen (Pinguipedidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1801 door Bloch & Schneider.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Parapercis maculata. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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中斑擬鱸 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Parapercis maculata
Bloch & Schneider, 1801

中斑擬鱸学名Parapercis maculata),又名海狗甘仔;舉目魚雨傘閂花狗母海沙鱸,为虎鱚科擬鱸屬下的一个种。

参考文献

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中斑擬鱸: Brief Summary ( Chinês )

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中斑擬鱸(学名:Parapercis maculata),又名海狗甘仔;舉目魚、雨傘閂、花狗母海、沙鱸,为虎鱚科擬鱸屬下的一个种。

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