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Harpa ist der Name einer Schneckengattung aus der Familie der Harfenschnecken (Harpidae), die in tropischen Gewässern im Indopazifik und an der westafrikanischen Küste des Atlantiks vertreten ist.
Die rechtsgewundenen Gehäuse der Harpa-Arten haben einen großen Körperumgang und ein kurzes Gewinde. Der kurze Siphonalkanal wird von einer flachen Kerbe an der Außenlippe der Mündung zur Columella hin geformt. Der Protoconch hat 3 oder 4 meist violette, knotige Umgänge. Das Gewinde wird von den 3 folgenden Umgängen gebildet. Kennzeichnend für die Schneckenhäuser der Gattung Harpa sind die als Längsrippen ausgebildeten Varices, die zum Gewinde hin jeweils in einen kurzen Stachel auslaufen. Sie sind in der Regel mit rötlichen und rosafarbenen Zonen gezeichnet, während die dazwischen verlaufenden Längsrinnen braunrote Flecken auf einem fleischfarbenen Grund aufweisen. Die Schnecken haben kein Operculum.
Der Körper der Schnecken hat eine lebhafte Färbung verschiedener roter, brauner und gelber Schattierungen mit Flecken auf hellerem Untergrund. Die Fühler und der Sipho sind unregelmäßig geringelt. Die Augen sitzen an der Basis der Fühler. Der Fuß ist sehr groß und besteht aus einem halbmondförmigen, sehr breiten Propodium und einem Metapodium, die nur an einer schmalen Stelle verbunden sind. Bei Störung kann der Vorderteil des Metapodiums durch Autotomie abgespalten werden. Durch anhaltende Bewegung kann der abgeworfene Teil einen Fressfeind ablenken. Das fehlende Stück wird regeneriert.
Die Radula ist vom Typ Stenoglossa (Rachiglossa), wobei nur der mittlere Zahn und manchmal zwei seitliche Zähne bestehen. Sie ist generell sehr klein und kommt in manchen Fällen nur bei Jungtieren vor.
Die Nahrung der Harpa-Arten besteht aus Zehnfußkrebsen, die mit dem Propodium bedeckt und zwischen diesem und dem Metapodium eingeklemmt und sodann von klebrigem Schleim eingehüllt werden. Der genaue Fressvorgang ist nicht dokumentiert. Es bleiben leere Krebsschalen zurück.
Die Schnecken sind getrenntgeschlechtlich. Das Männchen begattet das Weibchen mit seinem Penis. Das Weibchen legt Eigelege mit 10 bis 15 Eikapseln, die jeweils 3000 bis 4000 Eier enthalten. Die schlüpfenden Veliger-Larven machen bis zur Metamorphose zur fertigen Jungschnecke eine Phase als Plankton durch.
Harpa bezeichnet im Lateinischen eine Harfe.[1] Linnaeus beschreibt 1758 zwei Arten der Gattung Buccinum (B. harpa und B. costatum) als Schnecke mit gleichartigen, deutlich geschiedenen (bei B. costatum dicht gedrängten) und mit Spitzen versehenen Längsrippen, die vor Bengalen lebt.[2] Als Gattungsname wird Harpa, deutsch die Harfe, mit 7 Arten von Peter Friedrich Röding 1798 im Katalog der Conchyliensammlung von Joachim Friedrich Bolten genannt.[3]
Harpa ist der Name einer Schneckengattung aus der Familie der Harfenschnecken (Harpidae), die in tropischen Gewässern im Indopazifik und an der westafrikanischen Küste des Atlantiks vertreten ist.
Арфалар (лат. Наrра) — деңиз үлүлдөрүнүн бир уруусу.
Harpa, common name the "harp snails", is a genus of large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Harpidae.[2]
Harpa is the type genus of the family Harpidae.
The shell has an ovate-oblong shape. It is more or less inflated, generally pretty thin, enamelled, and provided with parallel, longitudinal, inclined and acute ribs. ; The body whorl is much larger than all the others together. The spire is slightly elevated. The aperture is large, oval, dilated, strongly emarginated inferiorly, and without siphonal canal. The outer lip is bordered by the last rib. The columella is smooth, simple, nearly straight and pointed at the base.
The animal has a flattened head, which supports a pair of pretty long, thick, and conical tentacles, with a small protuberance at their base, internally, where the eyes are situated. the mouth is simple, surrounded by a muscular margin, and furnished with a small, slender and pointed trunk. The organ of excitement is elongated, cylindrical, situated on the right side. The locomotive organ is very large, very broad at the anterior part, which is ear-shaped, and distinguished by a deep emargination upon each side. The posterior extremity is caducous, and destitute of an operculum.
The fleshy part of this mollusk is very strong, and very large. Its foot is enormous, thick, and extended considerably out of the shell. It cannot be wholly contained within the aperture, before which, by contracting itself, it forms a margin.
The foot is as if divided into two portions. The anterior broader, arcuated, ear-shaped, with a marginal furrow, and joined to the posterior part by a kind of neck. This latter, more extended, is somewhat oval, pointed, and slightly inflated above, without any appearance of operculum. When the animal is violently disturbed, it breaks off the posterior extremity of its foot, in order to withdraw itself more completely within its shell. In consequence of this an operculum would be useless to it, for it would be liable to be carried away by the rupture of the foot. Therefore, it is not possessed.
All the external parts of the animal are strongly colored with spots and plates of a brownish red, intermingled with other yellowish spots. The middle portion is frequently crossed by a brown band.
The respiratory tube is long, rather large, continued to and terminating in a large pulmonary cavity, the use of which is to assist respiration. Upon one side of this cavity are two pectinated branchiae, one large, and the other small. Upon the opposite side are situated, in female specimens, the rectum and the uterus ; and in the male a deferential canal and a penis. On this same side are fixed, at the upper part of the cavity, the mucous follicles, composed of seven or eight transverse plates. The tongue is small, slender, pointed, fleshy, without any trace of a ribbon of horn. It is contained in an incurved sheath, and rarely protruded from it. The stomach is very narrow, and does not differ in size from the rest of the intestinal canal. The rectum is pretty large, terminated by an anus slightly narrowed and pointed. The liver, which is voluminous, forms a great part of the convoluted portion, and extends almost throughout the spire. The heart and the auricle are very much developed, contained in a pericardium, and situated at the base of the branchiae. The cerebral ganglion is broad and flattened ; it sends out numerous nervous filaments which ramify over the whole body. The penis of the male is considerable and situated upon the same side. [3]
This genus are voracious nocturnal predators of benthic crustaceans on sandy bottoms, capable of eating crabs as large as themselves.
This marine species is circumtropical, except the western Atlantic Ocean. It also occurs off Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).
Species in the genus Harpa include:
Harpa, common name the "harp snails", is a genus of large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Harpidae.
Harpa is the type genus of the family Harpidae.
Harpa est un genre de mollusques marins appartenant à la classe des gastéropodes. C'est le genre-type de la famille des Harpidae.
Selon World Register of Marine Species (23 octobre 2014)[1] :
Harpa est un genre de mollusques marins appartenant à la classe des gastéropodes. C'est le genre-type de la famille des Harpidae.
Harpa is een geslacht van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Gastropoda (slakken).
Harpa is een geslacht van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Gastropoda (slakken).
Harpa (nomeadas, em inglês, Harp shells ou Harp snails -pl.)[5][6] é um gênero de moluscos gastrópodes marinhos, predadores de crustáceos em bentos arenosos, pertencente à família Harpidae da subclasse Caenogastropoda e ordem Neogastropoda.[1][3][4][7][8] Foi classificado por Peter Friedrich Röding, em 1798, ao descrever espécies como Harpa amouretta, Harpa davidis, Harpa doris e Harpa major; com sua espécie-tipo classificada por Carolus Linnaeus, em 1758, como Buccinum harpa - atualmente nomeada Harpa harpa -, em sua obra Systema Naturae.[1][8][9] As conchas globosas, de espiral baixa e ampla abertura e volta terminal, deste gênero, têm uma aparência polida, colorida e altamente padronizada, com costelas axiais proeminentes; e em grande quantidade, no caso de Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758); além de ter um canal sifonal curto e columela sem pregas. Sua distribuição geográfica é quase inexistente no oceano Atlântico, apenas com Harpa doris na África Ocidental até Angola; sendo a região tropical do Indo-Pacífico o principal habitat das espécies; todas elas cobiçadas para o colecionismo. Caso um predador esteja em sua perseguição, as Harpa são notáveis por amputar a parte traseira do pé, deixando um remanescente contorcido para distrair seu perseguidor (autotomia).[3][4][7][8][10][11][12]
Harpa (nomeadas, em inglês, Harp shells ou Harp snails -pl.) é um gênero de moluscos gastrópodes marinhos, predadores de crustáceos em bentos arenosos, pertencente à família Harpidae da subclasse Caenogastropoda e ordem Neogastropoda. Foi classificado por Peter Friedrich Röding, em 1798, ao descrever espécies como Harpa amouretta, Harpa davidis, Harpa doris e Harpa major; com sua espécie-tipo classificada por Carolus Linnaeus, em 1758, como Buccinum harpa - atualmente nomeada Harpa harpa -, em sua obra Systema Naturae. As conchas globosas, de espiral baixa e ampla abertura e volta terminal, deste gênero, têm uma aparência polida, colorida e altamente padronizada, com costelas axiais proeminentes; e em grande quantidade, no caso de Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758); além de ter um canal sifonal curto e columela sem pregas. Sua distribuição geográfica é quase inexistente no oceano Atlântico, apenas com Harpa doris na África Ocidental até Angola; sendo a região tropical do Indo-Pacífico o principal habitat das espécies; todas elas cobiçadas para o colecionismo. Caso um predador esteja em sua perseguição, as Harpa são notáveis por amputar a parte traseira do pé, deixando um remanescente contorcido para distrair seu perseguidor (autotomia).
A região tropical do Indo-Pacífico é o principal habitat das espécies do gênero Harpa.
Harpa, tên tiếng Anh: "harp snail", là một chi ốc biển săn mồi cỡ lớn, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển thuộc họ Harpidae.
Harpa chi điển hình của họ Harpidae.
Các loài thuộc chi Harpa bao gồm:
Bài viết về liên họ Muricoidea này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
Harpa, tên tiếng Anh: "harp snail", là một chi ốc biển săn mồi cỡ lớn, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển thuộc họ Harpidae.
Harpa chi điển hình của họ Harpidae.
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