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Wolf's monkeys are probably important in seed dispersal of food trees and they may contribute to pollination when they drink nectar.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
Since this species is arboreal, its main predators are avian, primarily crowned hawk eagles (Stephanoaetus coronatus). When these birds are spotted by Wolf's monkeys, they will sound an alarm call and retreat to the ground. Though less common, leopards also pose a threat to this species. More recently, humans have become a major predator of this species for the bush meat market. In addition, their primary habitat is being destroyed at an extremely rapid pace for lumber.
Known Predators:
Wolf's monkeys have dark grey fur dorsally with a reddish patch in the center of the back. The ventral fur is usually white or pale yellow. The forelimbs are dark grey to black while the hindlimbs are a light reddish-brown color. The distal half of the tail is black while the proximal half is a grayish coloration. The face is characterized by a black patch extending from ear to ear, from below the eyes to the top of the head. Within this black area is a patch of white fur that grows from the brow. The cheeks and chin are the same whitish-yellow as the ventral fur and the ear tufts are often white or slightly reddish. The scrotum is blue, which may be important in mate selection. Blue scrotal color is common in many Cercopithecus species and related genera. Wolf's monkeys have ischial callosities (callus-like areas of skin on the buttocks). This provides a degree of comfort while sitting on branches and night resting. These callosities are typical of the family Cercopithecidae.
Being an arboreal quadruped, Wolf's monkeys have forelimbs and hindlimbs that are fairly equal in length giving it an intermembral index number close to 100. The head and body length of males varies from 445 to 511 mm with an average of 485 mm. The length of the tail in males ranges from 695 to 822 mm with an average of 779 mm. There has not been enough data collected from females to adaquetely determine these measurements. Cercopithecus wolfi is a sexually dimorphic species. The weight of males ranges from 3.8 to 4.2 kg, females are considerably smaller, ranging from 2.4 to 3.1 kg. Males also have larger canine teeth than females.
Range mass: 2.4 to 4.2 kg.
Range length: 445 to 511 mm.
Average length: 485 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
The average lifespan is reported to be 20 to 26 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 20 to 26 years.
Cercopithecus wolfi occupies primary and secondary lowland rainforest habitats. Wolf's monkeys are commonly found in swamp forests and secondary forests along riverbanks. They spend a majority of their time between 15 and 25 meters high in the canopy where they forage and sleep.
Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: rainforest
Other Habitat Features: riparian
Cercopithecus wolfi is most commonly found in the Democratic Republic of Congo and areas in Uganda. There are three subspecies of Wolf’s monkey: Cercopithecus wolfi wolfi occurs between the Congo and Sankuru Rivers, Cercopithecus wolfi pyrogaster is found between the Kwango and Kasai-Lulua Rivers, and Cercopithecus wolfi elegans is found between the Lomami and Lualaba Rivers.
Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )
Wolf's monkeys are frugivorous, but they supplement their diet heavily with leaves, seeds, and flowers. At Salonga National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Wolf's monkeys have been recorded consuming 32% fruit (4% fleshy and 27% arils), 27% seeds, 29% leaves, and 11% flowers. Though not a primary means of sustenance, Wolf’s monkeys will occasionally feed on nectars and insects if they are readily available. The principal feeding time for this species is during the early morning and early afternoon.
Animal Foods: insects
Plant Foods: leaves; seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit; nectar; flowers
Primary Diet: herbivore (Frugivore )
Wolf's monkeys are one of the species hunted in the bushmeat market. Their meat provides food to local inhabitants and a product to trade for other goods. They are also likely to play a role in the regeneration of healthy forests through seed dispersal.
Positive Impacts: food
Wolf's monkeys occasionally raid local agricultural crops and have a potential for carrying diseases that can be contagious to humans.
Negative Impacts: injures humans (carries human disease); crop pest
Cercopithecus wolfi has not been evaluated by the IUCN. As a primate, C. wolfi is on appendix II in CITES.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: appendix ii
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Vocalizations of Wolf’s monkeys includes 2 contact calls, 2 travel calls, and 3 alarm calls. The most common contact call is used while foraging. These monkeys let out an occasional grunting sound to maintain vocal contact and know the positions of other members of the group. These calls are made more often when foraging in large groups or in areas of low visibility, such as the upper areas of the canopy. Vocal communication is also more common while hunting for insects than foraging for fruits and leaves. To communicate territoriality, males let out a boom call, which is a low, short tone that can be carried long distances due to resonating air sacs. A common alarm call is the sneeze call. It is a short call resembling a the sound of a sneeze.
This species also uses visual communication to convey threats and aggression. Males fix their eyes on the target, move back their ears to stretch out the facial skin, and retract their scalp. This is called staring. Along with staring, they will sometimes open their mouths, but keep the teeth hidden. To present an even greater threat, they will stare with their mouth open, but begin bobbing their head. A fear grimace is used as an appeasement signal to reduce aggression in aggressive encounters. This is accomplished by retracting the lips to show the teeth, but keeping the teeth closed together. Males also perform a visual cue that resembles yawning. The mouth is opened and the canines are revealed to convey tension or aggression.
Like other primates, Wolf's monkeys also extensively use grooming for tactile social communication. The use of chemical cues, such as pheromones, is likely, but undocumented.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
The mating system is a single-male, multi-female polygynous system. There is usually one dominant male and sometimes several less dominant males that mate with a larger number of females. In groups with many females and a single male, males from nearby bachelor groups will often come into the group to mate with females and then retreat to their bachelor group. Copulation is usually initiated by females. They will often present their genitals to a male as a way of enticing him. Though it seems to serve no reproductive function, females will often engage in “pouting” during copulation. This means that the female will look back over her shoulder and pout out her bottom lip at the male.
Mating System: polygynous
Wolf's monkeys give birth to one offspring at a time, though twins occur rarely. Most births occur from June to December when there is the greatest abundance of food. Gestation length is from 160 to 170 days and the young are nursed for 3 months after birth. Females produce their first young at 4 to 5 years old.
Breeding interval: Interbirth interval in Wolf's monkeys is not documented. Other Cercopithecus species generally give birth every year, although interbirth intervals can be as high as 5 years in some populations.
Breeding season: There is no fixed breeding season, although most births occur from June to December.
Range number of offspring: 1 to 2.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Range gestation period: 160 to 170 days.
Average weaning age: 180 days.
Average time to independence: 180 days.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 4.5 years.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 4.5 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous
Not much information is known about the parental investment of Wolf's monkeys, though it has been observed that infants will ride on the backs of their mothers for the first few months after birth. Female young stay in their natal group, male young disperse from their natal group when they become independent.
Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); post-independence association with parents
Cercopithecus wolfi[1] a zo ur spesad primated eus kerentiad ar Cercopithecidae.
Gwechall e veze sellet outañ evel un isspesad (Cercopithecus pogonius wolfi) eus Cercopithecus pogonias.
Bevañ a ra diwar frouezh dreist-holl.
Al loen a vev an daou isspesad anezhañ[2] en Afrika ar C'hreiz :
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Cercopithecus wolfi a zo ur spesad primated eus kerentiad ar Cercopithecidae.
Gwechall e veze sellet outañ evel un isspesad (Cercopithecus pogonius wolfi) eus Cercopithecus pogonias.
El cercopitec de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) és un primat de la família dels cercopitècids. Té una llargada corporal de 35–45 cm, amb una cua de fins a 90 cm. Els mascles pesen uns 4,5 kg i les femelles uns 2,5 kg.
És una de les espècies de cercopitec més colorides. Té el dors de color gris fosc i el ventre de color blanc o groc. Les potes anteriors són negres i les posteriors són de color vermell marronós. Té una ratlla negra que s'estén des dels ulls fins a les orelles. Les "patilles" són espesses i de color gris clar o vermellós.
El cercopitec de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) és un primat de la família dels cercopitècids. Té una llargada corporal de 35–45 cm, amb una cua de fins a 90 cm. Els mascles pesen uns 4,5 kg i les femelles uns 2,5 kg.
És una de les espècies de cercopitec més colorides. Té el dors de color gris fosc i el ventre de color blanc o groc. Les potes anteriors són negres i les posteriors són de color vermell marronós. Té una ratlla negra que s'estén des dels ulls fins a les orelles. Les "patilles" són espesses i de color gris clar o vermellós.
Die Wolf-Meerkatze (Cercopithecus wolfi) ist eine Primatenart aus der Gattung der Meerkatzen (Cercopithecus) innerhalb der Familie der Meerkatzenverwandten (Cercopithecidae).
Wolfmeerkatzen zählen zu den buntesten Vertretern ihrer Gattung. Ihr Fell ist an der Oberseite dunkelgrau gefärbt, die Unterseite ist gelb oder weiß. Die Vorderbeine sind schwarz und die Hinterbeine rotbraun, auch der hintere Teil des Rumpfes kann rötlich gefärbt sein. Das Gesicht ist durch einen schwarzen Querstreifen von den Ohren zu den Augen geprägt und hat einen weißgrauen, manchmal auch rötlichen Backenbart. Mit rund 4,5 Kilogramm Durchschnittsgewicht sind die Männchen deutlich schwerer als die Weibchen mit 2,5 Kilogramm, die Kopfrumpflänge variiert von 35 bis 55 Zentimetern und der Schwanz kann bis zu 90 Zentimeter lang sein.
Wolfmeerkatzen leben im zentralen Teil Afrikas, ihr Verbreitungsgebiet liegt in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo und umfasst das zentrale Kongobecken unterhalb des Kongobogens und stimmt weitgehend mit den Verbreitungsgebieten von Bonobo und Schopfmangabe überein.[1] Ihr Lebensraum sind vorwiegend Sekundärwälder.
Wolf-Meerkatzen sind tagaktive Baumbewöhner, die sich meist in den höheren Schichten der Wälder aufhalten. Wie alle Meerkatzen leben sie in Haremsgruppen, das heißt ein Männchen mit mehreren Weibchen und dem Nachwuchs. Die Gruppengröße beträgt durchschnittlich zehn bis zwölf Tiere. Es sind territoriale Tiere, die ihr Revier gegen Artgenossen verteidigen. Manchmal vergesellschaften sie sich aber mit Rotschwanzmeerkatzen oder Stummelaffen.
Diese Primaten sind vorwiegend Pflanzenfresser, die aber gelegentlich auch Insekten zu sich nehmen. Ihre Nahrung besteht vorwiegend aus Früchten, Blättern und Samen, manchmal verzehren sie auch Nektar.
Nach rund fünf- bis sechsmonatiger Tragzeit bringt das Weibchen meist ein einzelnes Jungtier zur Welt. Dieses wird rund ein Jahr lang gesäugt und erreicht mit zwei bis drei Jahren die Geschlechtsreife. Die Lebenserwartung ist nicht genau bekannt, bei nahe verwandten Arten beträgt sie rund 20 Jahre in freier Natur und bis zu 30 Jahren in menschlicher Obhut.
Die Wolf-Meerkatze wird innerhalb der Meerkatzen in die mona-Gruppe gerechnet, innerhalb derer die Artabgrenzungen umstritten sind. Die Bestände der Wolf-Meerkatze nördlich des Kongo-Flusses werden meist als Dent-Meerkatze als eigene Art betrachtet.
Für die Wolf-Meerkatze werden folgende Unterarten unterschieden:[1][2][3]
Die IUCN führt zwei der drei Unterarten, die Nominatform gilt dabei nicht als gefährdet[4], wohingegen die Grauschenkel-Wolf-Meerkatze (Cercopithecus wolfi ssp. elegans) als potenziell gefährdet eingestuft wird.[5]
Die Wolf-Meerkatze (Cercopithecus wolfi) ist eine Primatenart aus der Gattung der Meerkatzen (Cercopithecus) innerhalb der Familie der Meerkatzenverwandten (Cercopithecidae).
Wolf's mona monkey (Cercopithecus wolfi), also called Wolf's guenon, is a colourful Old World monkey in the family Cercopithecidae. It is found in central Africa, primarily between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. It lives in primary and secondary lowland rainforest and swamp forest.
The species was first described from a living specimen in the Zoological Garden at Dresden. It was brought in 1887 by Dr Ludwig Wolf from somewhere in central west Africa. The species was described in 1891 and named after the collector. This specimen died in October 1891 and the skeletal characteristics were described in 1894.[3][4]
Wolf's mona monkey is in the C. mona grouping within the genus Cercopithecus along with Campbell's mona monkey, Dent's mona monkey, Lowe's mona monkey, the mona monkey, and the crested mona monkey.[1] Wolf's mona monkey was previously considered a subspecies of the crested mona monkey.[1][5] The genus Cercopithecus is part of the subfamily Cercopithecinae along with baboons, mangabeys, and macaques. This subfamily shares several common traits such as cheek pouches, low and rounded molar cusps, and simple stomachs; all adaptations to a frugivorous diet.
Wolf's mona monkey has two subspecies[1] which are separated by a large area of swamp forest:[6]
Guenons, the largest group of African primates, are very colorful. Their color is used in intraspecific communication for recognizing individuals, species, and potential mates. Wolf's mona monkey is dark grey with a red "saddle" on its back. The pelage depends on the subspecies. C. wolfi wolfi has a chestnut-colored patch on the middle of its back. Its arms are black and legs are red. It has a yellow underside, occasionally with an orange stripe down its flanks. Its cheek whiskers are yellow, speckled with black, and its ear tufts are red. C. wolfi elegans has a back which is gradually browner towards the rump. Its forearms are black, and its upper arms have a pale speckling. Its legs are light gray, while its underside is white. Its cheek whiskers are white, with dark speckling that increases near the base. Its ear tufts are white. The male's scrotum is blue.[6] Wolf's mona monkey is also sexually dimorphic in size. Males weigh, on average, almost twice as much as females, 4.5 kilograms (10 lb) and 2.5 kilograms (5.5 lb) respectively.[7] Its small size makes it susceptible to predators, especially the crowned eagle and the leopard.
The diet of Wolf's mona monkey differs depending on location. Although predominantly a frugivore, it may also forage for seeds and insects for protein. Since it has no adaptations for leaf eating, its leaf diet mainly consists of young and easily digestible leaves.[8][9]
The birth season for Wolf's mona monkey is from June through December due to rainfall and resource availability. It lives in a single male/multi-female group. It is female philopatric, with males dispersing from the group at sexual maturity. Because one male controls several females there is extreme competition for the alpha male position. Females, on the other hand, are generally amicable and participate in grooming and allomothering. Unlike macaques there are no strong linear dominance hierarchies.
Conspecific groups are generally intolerant of each other. Both males and females behave aggressively in intergroup encounters. They are very territorial, using calling and aggression (if needed). Females play an important role in territory defense; when they call it prompts the male to call as well.
Among cercopithecines, forest guenons such as Wolf's mona monkey have very developed cheek pouches. These cheek pouches are second only to macaques. The evolution of these cheek pouches in both genera may be a response to the increased potential for interspecific competition in the mixed-species associations which these monkeys frequently form.[10]
Wolf's mona monkey is known to associate with several guenon and non-guenon species such as the black crested mangabey, the red-tailed monkey, the Angola colobus, Allen's swamp monkey, and the bonobo. No viable offspring or interspecific mating occurs during its associations with other primates.
In one study, Wolf's mona monkeys were found associating with bonobos within 20 metres for an average time of 20 minutes (although sometimes for over an hour). These interactions were mainly initiated by, and departed by, the guenons; this indicates that the guenons most benefited from these associations. Although the common chimpanzee is known to hunt sympatric primates, this is not the case with the bonobo. No aggressive interactions occurred during the study period. The red-tailed monkey (C. ascanius) was also found to associate with bonobos, and on five occasions the association was initiated by a mixed group of guenons (C. ascanius and C. wolfi). When a mixed group was involved in the association, it always lasted for over an hour. Interactions occurred once every seven hours. Associations mainly occurred while the bonobos were feeding or resting. Wolf's mona monkey was found to feed in the trees while the bonobo fed or rested.[11] Another study has shown that bonobos will prey on monkey species, including Wolf's mona monkey. A five-year study in Salonga National Park witnessed five incidents where bonobos preyed on groups of monkeys. The research indicates it was deliberate hunting, where a group of bonobos would coordinate their actions—contrary to their normal hunting behaviour, which is quite solitary and less purposeful. In three occasions the hunt was successful and infant monkeys were captured, once a red-tailed monkey and twice a Wolf's mona monkey.[12]
When forming associations with other primates it is necessary that there is a difference in diet or feeding height between the species to reduce competition. When in a mixed group, Wolf's mona monkey will move and forage at a mean height of 17 metres. Wolf's mona monkey is mainly found in association with the red-tailed monkey (which forages at 12 m) and the black crested mangabey (which forages at 21.5 m), two species with similar diets to Wolf's mona monkey. These mixed groups most likely form for predator detection.[7]
Wolf's mona monkey (Cercopithecus wolfi), also called Wolf's guenon, is a colourful Old World monkey in the family Cercopithecidae. It is found in central Africa, primarily between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. It lives in primary and secondary lowland rainforest and swamp forest.
El cercopiteco de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) es una especie de primate catarrino de la familia Cercopithecidae propia de África.[2]
El cercopiteco de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) es una especie de primate catarrino de la familia Cercopithecidae propia de África.
Cercopithecus wolfi Cercopithecus generoko espezieetako bat da. Generoko guztiak bezala Afrikan bizi da. Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoan eta Ugandan bizi dira.
Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz. Cercopithecus wolfi • Mone de Wolf
Le Cercopithèque de Wolf ou Mone de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) est un primate appartenant à la famille des Cercopithecidae.
Ce singe a les bras et la queue noirs, les jambes roux vif et un pinceau de poils roux à l'extrémité des oreilles.
Il vit autour du Lac Mai-Ndombe en République démocratique du Congo.
Selon Mammal Species of the World (version 3, 2005) (6 octobre 2014)[1] :
Cercopithecus wolfi • Mone de Wolf
Le Cercopithèque de Wolf ou Mone de Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) est un primate appartenant à la famille des Cercopithecidae.
Il cercopiteco coronato di Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi Meyer, 1891) è un primate della famiglia Cercopithecidae.[1]
La lunghezza del corpo varia tra 35 e 45 cm e quella della coda può arrivare a 90 cm. Il peso dei maschi è circa 4,5 kg, quello delle femmine circa 2,5 kg.
È una delle specie di cercopiteco più colorate. Il lato dorsale è di colore grigio scuro, quello ventrale giallo o bianco; gli arti anteriori sono neri e quelli posteriori rosso bruno: colore che può estendersi alla parte posteriore del corpo. Una striscia nera si estende dagli occhi alle orecchie, mentre le folte "basette" sono grigio chiaro o rossastre.
L'areale è nell'Africa centrale e contiene la Repubblica Democratica del Congo e l'Angola nord-orientale. L'habitat è costituito prevalentemente da foreste secondarie.
L'attività è diurna e prevalentemente anche se non esclusivamente arboricola. Vive in gruppi costituiti, come per gli altri cercopitechi, da un maschio adulto, femmine e piccoli, per un totale di 10-12 individui. È una specie territoriale. A volte si associa con cercopitechi nasobianco del Congo o con colobine.
È una specie fondamentalmente erbivora, che si nutre di frutta, foglie e semi; occasionalmente la dieta può includere nettare e insetti
La gestazione dura da cinque a sei mesi e in genere nasce un solo piccolo, che raggiunge la maturità sessuale in due o tre anni. La longevità non è nota: specie affini vivono approssimativamente 20 anni in natura e 30 anni in cattività.
Sono note due sottospecie:[1]
La specie non è presa in considerazione dalla IUCN.
Il cercopiteco coronato di Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi Meyer, 1891) è un primate della famiglia Cercopithecidae.
De Wolfs meerkat (Cercopithecus wolfi) is een soort uit het geslacht echte meerkatten (Cercopithecus). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Meyer in 1891.
Het dier leeft in Centraal-Afrika, in laagland regenwoud en moerasbos.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesDe Wolfs meerkat (Cercopithecus wolfi) is een soort uit het geslacht echte meerkatten (Cercopithecus). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Meyer in 1891.
Macaco-de-Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) é um Macaco do Velho Mundo da subfamília Cercopithecinae. Ocorre na África Central, principalmente entre a República Democrática do Congo e Uganda. Vive em florestas chuvosas de terras baixas e pantanosas, tanto primária, quanto secundária.
Foi descrita a partir de um exemplar vivo, no Zoológico de Dresden. Foi levado em 1887 por Ludwig Wolf, do centro-oeste da África. Foi descrita em 1891 e nomeada em homenagem a seu coletor. Este exemplar morreu em 1891 e o esqueleto foi descrito em 1894.[3][4]
C. wolfi está no grupo C. mona dentro do gênero Cercopithecus junto com Cercopithecus campbelli, Cercopithecus denti, Cercopithecus lowei, Cercopithecus mona, e Cercopithecus pogonias.[1] C. wolfi já foi previamente considerada subespécie de C. pogonias.[1][5] O gênero Cercopithecus está na subfamília Cercopithecinae junto com babuínos. Está subfamília compartilha diversas características como bolsas nas bochechas, cúspidas baixas e arrendondadas nos molares e estômagos simples: todas adaptações à frugivoria.
São reconhecidas duas subespéciess[1] que são separadas por uma grande área de floresta pantanosa:[6]
Os cercopitecos são o maior grupo de primatas africanos, e são muito coloridos. Sua cor é usada na comunicação intraespecífica no reconhecimento de indivíduos, espécies e potenciais cópulas. C. wolfi possui cor cinza escuro com o lombo de cor vermelha. A pelagem varia entre as subespécies: C. wolfi wolfi possui um mancha castanha no meio das costas.[6] Seus braços são pretos e as pernas, vermelhas.[6] Possui o ventre amarelo, ocasionalmente com um lisra laranga abaixo dos flancos.[6] Os bigodes das bochechas são amarelo, e os tufos das orelhas são vermelho.[6] C. wolfi elegans possui as costas que se torna gradualmente marrom até as ancas.[6] As pernassão cinza claro, enquanto que a parte interna é branca.[6] Os tufos nas orelhas são brancos.[6] O escroto é azul.[6] A espécie é sexualmente dimórfico em tamanho. Machos são mais pesados, sendo em média, quase duas vezes mais pesados (4,5 kg e 2 ,5 kg, respectivamente)[7] Seu tamanho pequeno o torna susceptível a predadores, como o leopardo e a águia-coroada.
A dieta da espécie depende do local. Embora seja predominantemente frugívoro, C. wolfi pode se alimentar de sementes e insetos. Já que não possui adaptações para a folivoria, alimenta-se somente de folhas jovens e fáceis de digerir.
A estação de acasalmento é de junho até dezembro devido ser uma época chuvosa e com mais disponibilidade de alimento. Vive em grupos com um macho e várias fêmeas. As fêmeas são filopátricas, e os machos deixam o grupo quanto alcançam a maturidade sexual. Existe intensa competição para se tornar macho alfa, visto que um único macho controla as cópulas dentro do grupo. As fêmeas formam associações mais estáveis e duradouras. Ao contrário do que observado com primatas do gênero Macaca, não existe um forte hierarquia de dominância linear.
Os grupos geralmente são intolerantes com a presença de estranhos. Tanto machos quanto fêmeas são agressivos em encontros entre grupos. São extremamente territoriais, com vocalizações específicas para encontros agonísticos.
Os cercopitecos, que vivem em ambientes de floresta, desenvolveram bolsas nas bochechas, que também evoluíram no gênero Macaca. Tais bolsas surgiram como uma resposta à intensa competição entre espécies, devido à formação de grupos mistos com outros macacos.[8]
Macaco-de-Wolf (Cercopithecus wolfi) é um Macaco do Velho Mundo da subfamília Cercopithecinae. Ocorre na África Central, principalmente entre a República Democrática do Congo e Uganda. Vive em florestas chuvosas de terras baixas e pantanosas, tanto primária, quanto secundária.
Wolfs markatta (Cercopithecus wolfi) är en primat i familjen markattartade apor som förekommer i centrala Afrika.[2] Den klassificeras ibland som underart av kronmarkatta (Cercopithecus pogonias).[1]
Arten är en av de färggladaste markattorna. Den har en mörkgrå ovansida med en rödaktig fläck på ryggens mitt. Pälsen på undersidan har huvudsakligen en vitaktig till ljusgul färg. Utsidan av de främre extremiteterna är liksom ryggen mörkgrå och de bakre extremiteterna är rödbrun på utsidan. Den gråa svansen blir från svansroten till spetsen mörkare (nästan svart). Ansiktet är påfallande med en svart mask mellan öronen över ögonen. Ovanpå och under masken har Wolfs markatta långa gulvita hår. Öronen är utrustade med hårtofs i röd eller gulvit. Liksom hos flera andra markattor har hannens scrotum en blå färg.[3] Hannar är med en vikt av 3,8 till 4,2 kg tydlig tyngre än honor som väger 2,4 till 3,1 kg. Kroppslängden är bara för hannar tillräcklig undersökt, de mäter från nosen till svansroten 44 till 51 cm och därtill kommer en 70 till 82 cm lång svans.[3]
Utbredningsområdets storlek är osäker då avgränsningen till kronmarkattan är oklart. Regionens centrum ligger i Kongo-Kinshasa.[4] Habitatet utgörs av tropiska regnskogar.[3]
Individerna vistas främst i träd 15 till 25 meter över marken. De bildar flockar med upp till 12 medlemmar som består av en vuxen hanne, flera vuxna honor och deras ungar. Unga könsmogna hannar samlas i ungkarlsgrupper. Ofta förekommer blandade grupper med andra primater som svartkindad vitnäsa (Cercopithecus ascanius), Lophocebus aterrimus eller Colobus angolensis.[3]
De är huvudsakligen aktiv på dagen och livnär sig främst av frukter. Dessutom äter Wolfs markatta frön, blommor, blad och nektar samt i mindre mått insekter.[3]
Vanligen är det bara den dominanta hannen från flocken som får para sig med honorna men ibland lyckas en hanne från en ungkarlsgrupp med parningen. Dräktigheten varar i 160 till 170 dagar och sedan föder honan en eller två ungar. Ungefär tre månader efter födelsen slutar honan med digivning. Båda kön blir efter cirka 4,5 år könsmogna.[3]
Livslängden är vanligen 20 till 26 år.[3]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Wolfs markatta.
Wolfs markatta (Cercopithecus wolfi) är en primat i familjen markattartade apor som förekommer i centrala Afrika. Den klassificeras ibland som underart av kronmarkatta (Cercopithecus pogonias).
C. wolfi мають темно-сіре хутро на спині з червонуватим клаптем в центрі. Черевне хутро зазвичай біле або блідо-жовте. Передні кінцівки від темно-сірого до чорного кольору в той час як задні кінцівки світлого червоно-коричневого кольору. Дистальна половина хвоста чорна, а проксимальна половина сіруватого забарвлення. Обличчя характеризується чорною плямою, що тягнеться від вуха до вуха, від низу очей до верхньої частини голови. Клапоть білого хутра росте з чола. Щоки і підборіддя білувато-жовті, черевне хутро і вуха часто білі або злегка червонуваті. Довжина тіла самців коливається від 445 до 511 мм. Довжина хвоста у самців коливається від 695 до 822 мм. Вага самців становить від 3,8 до 4,2 кг, самиці значно менші, довжиною від 2,4 до 3,1 кг. Самці також мають більші ікла, ніж у самиць.
Найбільш часто зустрічаються в Демократичній Республіці Конго і в Уганді. Населяє первинні та вторинні тропічні ліси.
Вид деревний і денний з чотириногим стилем пересування. Вони, як правило, проживають і збирають їжу на середній висоті 15 метрів над землею. C. wolfi найбільш активні вранці і ввечері. Розмір групи до 12 осіб. Великі групи часто розділені на дрібніші групи при пошуку продуктів, таких як фрукти і комахи. Ці мавпи знаходяться також в групах змішаного видів. Вони найчастіше знаходяться в асоціації з Lophocebus aterrimus, рідше з Cercopithecus ascanius і Colobus angolensis. Відомі хижаки: Stephanoaetus coronatus, Panthera pardus.
Самиці народжують одне дитинча, близнюки зустрічаються рідко. Більшість пологів відбуваються з червня по грудень, коли є найбільше велика кількість їжі. Вагітність триває від 160 до 170 днів, а молодняк годується протягом 3 місяців після народження. Самиці дають їх перше потомство у віці від 4 до 5 років. Середня тривалість життя, як повідомляється, від 20 до 26 років.
Cercopithecus wolfi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cercopithecidae, bộ Linh trưởng. Loài này được A. Meyer mô tả năm 1891.[2]
Bài viết liên quan đến Bộ Linh trưởng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Cercopithecus wolfi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cercopithecidae, bộ Linh trưởng. Loài này được A. Meyer mô tả năm 1891.
Cercopithecus wolfi (Meyer, 1891)
Охранный статус
Мартышка Вольфа[1] (лат. Cercopithecus wolfi) — вид приматов из семейства мартышковых. Обитает в центральной Африке, в основном в Демократической Республике Конго и Уганде. Населяет первичные и вторичные дождевые и болотистые леса.
Вид был описан в 1891 году и назван в честь Людвига Вольфа, который поймал животное для Дрезденского зоопарка.[2][3] Родственные виды — мартышка Кемпбелла, чубатая мартышка, Cercopithecus lowei, мартышка Дента и мартышка мона. Мартышка Вольфа ранее считалась подвидом чубатой мартышки.[4]
Образует два подвида, живущих в изолированных друг от друга ареалах:[5]
Шерсть серая, на спине красноватая, а у Cercopithecus wolfi wolfi каштановая отметина на спине.[5] Руки чёрные, ноги красноватые.[5] Брюхо желтое, по бокам оранжевое.[5] Шерсть на щеках и ушах длинная, светло-жёлтая.[5] Спина Cercopithecus wolfi elegans более коричневая ближе к крестцу.[5] Передние конечности чёрные, ноги рыжеватые. Грудь светло-жёлтая.[5] Мошонка голубого цвета.[5] Наблюдается половой диморфизм, самцы весят около 4,5 кг, самки около 2,5 кг.[6] Имеют развитые защёчные мешки.[7]
В рационе преимущественно фрукты, кроме того семена и насекомые. Иногда включает в рацион молодые листья и побеги. Сезон размножения начинается в июне и заканчивается в декабре. Образует группы, состоящие из половозрелого самца, нескольких самок и молодняка. Самцы по достижению половой зрелости покидают группу. Группы обычно конкурируют между собой за доступ к ресурсам. Как самцы так и самки проявляют агрессию к членам других групп, защищая свою территорию.
Мартышка Вольфа (лат. Cercopithecus wolfi) — вид приматов из семейства мартышковых. Обитает в центральной Африке, в основном в Демократической Республике Конго и Уганде. Населяет первичные и вторичные дождевые и болотистые леса.
여우모나원숭이(Cercopithecus wolfi)는 구세계원숭이의 일종이다.[2] 화려한 채색의 원숭이로 여우게논으로도 부른다. 주로 콩고민주공화국과 우간다 사이의 중앙아프리카에서 발견된다. 1, 2차 저지대 우림과 습지 숲에서 산다.
여우모나원숭이는 캠벨모나원숭이, 덴트모나원숭이, 로모나원숭이, 모나원숭이, 관머리모나원숭이와 함께 긴꼬리원숭이속(Cercopithecus) 내의 모나원숭이(C. mona) 군에 속해 있다.[2] 여우모나원숭이는 이전에 관머리모나원숭이의 아종 중 하나로 간주되었다.[2][3] 긴꼬리원숭이속(Cercopithecus)은 개코원숭이, 망가베이, 마카크와 함께 긴꼬리원숭이아과에 속해 있다. 이 아과에 속하는 종들은 뺨주머니, 작고 둥근 어금니 끝, 작은 위장과 같은 여러 특징들을 공유하고 있다. 모든 종이 과일을 상식한다.
여우모나원숭이는 2종의 아종이 있으며[2], 서식하는 습지 숲에 의해 나뉜다.[4]
