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Biology

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The timber from this tree is used for boat building, joinery, flooring and decorative veneers (3). Despite its endangered status, it is still considered a suitable alternative to other threatened teaks within the timber industry.
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Conservation

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Urgent regulation of logging is necessary, including the employment of Forestry Stewardship Council regulations on harvesting. In Ghana some enrichment planting is being practised, where suitable areas with low numbers of African teak are planted with African teak seedlings, but conservation of current populations is a priority (2).
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Description

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Resembling other teaks, the African teak has brown, green or yellow-brown bark and a straight grain (4). Growing to 50 m, this tree has buttresses up to 3 m, and the trunk is clear of foliage for the first 25 – 30 m (3).
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Habitat

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The African teak is found only in dry areas of semi-deciduous forests (1).
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Range

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Found in central and west Africa (1).
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Status

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The African teak is classified as Endangered (EN A1cd) on the IUCN Red List 2004 (1), and is listed on Appendix II of CITES (3).
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Threats

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The trade in the timber from this tree has soared since 1948, and the degree of exploitation has long been unsustainable across its range. The habitat has been lost and now regeneration is insufficient to replace lost populations (1). Illegal logging continues to decimate the remaining populations (2).
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Pericopsis elata

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Pericopsis elata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is known by the common names African teak, afromosia, afrormosia, kokrodua and assamela.[2]

Description

The species grows to 30-45m tall with a trunk of 1–1.8m in diameter. Annual diameter increases between unlogged and logged areas have been shown to be similar. It is a deciduous species that flowers at the end of the main dry season. The minimum trunk diameter for reproduction is given as 32 cm, while that for effective flowering is 37 cm. The fruit take 7 months to mature.[2][3]

Despite its relatively small diameter, trees can live to be over 400 years old.[3]

Range

The species is native to moist, semi-deciduous forests in Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Nigeria. Up until the mid 20th century, the tree was commonly found in its native range. However, after its wood was introduced to world markets in 1948, its range quickly diminished. It can no longer be found in the Ivory Coast and only small pockets remain in other countries besides the DRC where it is still threatened.[3][1][4]

Ecology

The seed pods are eaten by birds and monkeys while the seeds themselves provide food to beetles. Flowers provide homes for butterflies. The crowns of the trees provide shade and shelter to many understory plant species. Its fire resistant bark and nitrogen fixing roots make it an important pioneer species for areas damaged by fires.[3]

Uses

The tree produces hardwood timber of high commercial value due to its texture, strength, density and durability. It is used in the manufacture of boats, veneer, and furniture.[5]

Stocks and extraction

The DRC has the world's largest remaining stocks of Afrormosia, which are largely confined to the Équateur and Orientale Provinces.[6]

Illegal logging and habitat loss pose a realistic threat to the afrormosia, which ranks among the most valued hard tropical timber species.[7] Following decades of extraction in the 20th and 21st century, it is ranked CITES Appendix II. This implies that it is subject to trade regulation because it is recognised that unregulated trade puts the species at risk of extinction. The factors that control its population dynamics are however imperfectly known.[2] With a minimum logging diameter of 90 cm, full recovery is expected over a 30-year period. Selective logging of 12% of seed trees has been shown to have little influence on its survival. Sustainability is believed to be best achieved by purposeful actions to ensure regeneration after logging.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  2. ^ a b c d Nils, Bourland; Lambert, Kouadio Yao; Philippe, Lejeune; Bonaventure, Sonké; Julien, Philippart; Kasso, Daïnou; Fousséni, Fétéké; Jean-Louis, Doucet (November 2012). "Ecology of Pericopsis elata (Fabaceae), an Endangered Timber Species in Southeastern Cameroon". Biotropica. 44 (6): 840–847. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00874.x. S2CID 85839356.
  3. ^ a b c d "Supertrees: Meet Congo's caretaker of the forest, the Afrormorsia tree". Vox. 12 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  4. ^ Wood Species Database: Afrormosia - TRADA
  5. ^ Afrormosia - The Wood Database
  6. ^ Dickson et al. (2005)
  7. ^ ITTO (2005)

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Pericopsis elata: Brief Summary

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Pericopsis elata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is known by the common names African teak, afromosia, afrormosia, kokrodua and assamela.

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