dcsimg

Common Names

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: mesic, shrub, tree

black hawthorn
Douglas hawthorn
river hawthorn
western thornapple

TAXONOMY:
The currently accepted scientific name of black hawthorn is Crataegus
douglasii (Lindl.) [18]. There are two extant varieties, each
distinguishable by floral parts and geographic location [19]:

C. douglasii var. douglasii, Douglas hawthorn (typical variety)
C. douglasii var. rivularis, river hawthorn

C. douglasii var. douglasii and C. douglasii var. rivularis have 10
stamens each and occupy mesic sites in the northern Rocky Mountains [6].

LIFE FORM:
Tree, Shrub

FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS:
No special status

OTHER STATUS:
NO-ENTRY




DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Crataegus douglasii
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:
The most widespread occurrence of black hawthorn is in the Pacific
Northwest, from southeastern Alaska south through British Columbia,
Alberta, Washington, and Oregon to northern California.  Inland
distribution encompasses northern Nevada, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming,
western Montana, and Idaho. Douglas hawthorn may also be found as a
disjunct in northern Michigan, Minnesota, Saskatchewan, and southern
Ontario [3,24,33,37].
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bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution

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More info for the term: forest

The most widespread occurrence of black hawthorn is in the Pacific
Northwest, from southeastern Alaska south through British Columbia,
Alberta, Washington, and Oregon to northern California.  Inland
distribution encompasses northern Nevada, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming,
western Montana, and Idaho. Douglas hawthorn may also be found as a
disjunct in northern Michigan, Minnesota, Saskatchewan, and southern
Ontario [3,24,33,37].



Distribution of black hawthorn. Map from USGS:
1976 USDA, Forest Service map provided by Thompson and others [38].

license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Key Plant Community Associations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: cover

Douglas hawthorn generally occurs as an understory dominant in plant
community types, or associations.  It mostly occurs as an understory
species within sites dominated by black cottonwood (Populus
trichocarpa), eastern cottonwood (P. deltoides), quaking aspen (P.
tremuloides), or ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa).  In western Montana,
black hawthorn has been described as a nonextensive riparian dominance
type [17].  Pure stands of black hawthorn typically have an understory
occupied by Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii), chokecherry (Prunus virginiana),
or common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus).  In west-central Montana,
black hawthorn exhibited at least 5 percent cover value within the
tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia cespitosa) community type [28].

Publications listing black hawthorn as an indicator or dominant
species in habitat types (hts), community types (cts), or dominance
types (dts) are presented below:

Area             Classification              Authority

   MT            Riparian dts                Hansen and others 1988
   WA            Steppe hts                  Daubenmire 1970
ne OR            Riparian cts                Kauffman and others 1985
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: shrub, tree

Tree, Shrub
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Management considerations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: cover

Little is known about cultivating this genus.  Most hawthorns develop a
long taproot and should not be kept in seedbeds more than 1 year [4].
Limited agriculture/livestock development will help maintain black
hawthorn thickets, thus protecting an important food and cover species
for wildlife [27].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology

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More info on this topic.

More info for the term: fruit

Specific information concerning the seasonal development of black
hawthorn is not available.  Black hawthorn fruits are considered ripe
when they are black and lustrous.  In Oregon fruit was dispersed from
August 16 to 31, and in Washington from July 15 to 30 [35].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Post-fire Regeneration

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: caudex, root crown, seed

   survivor species; on-site surviving root crown or caudex
   survivor species; on-site surviving deep underground stems
   off-site colonizer; seed carried by animals or water; postfire yr 1&2
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: mesic

The currently accepted scientific name of black hawthorn is Crataegus
douglasii (Lindl.) [18]. There are two extant varieties, each
distinguishable by floral parts and geographic location [19]:

C. douglasii var. douglasii, Douglas hawthorn (typical variety)
C. douglasii var. rivularis, river hawthorn

C. douglasii var. douglasii and C. douglasii var. rivularis have 10
stamens each and occupy mesic sites in the northern Rocky Mountains [6].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Habeck, R. J. 1991. Crataegus douglasii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Crataegus columbiana

provided by wikipedia EN

The name Crataegus columbiana is a source of considerable confusion. The species named by Thomas J. Howell is now considered to be the same as C. douglasii, named earlier, and the earlier name should be used instead.[1] However, some varieties of C. columbiana have also been named that are not related to C. douglasii. C. columbiana has been used by some authors for Crataegus piperi Britton, which is now known as C. chrysocarpa var. piperi.[2][3]

For C. columbiana var. chrysocarpa (Ashe) Dorn see C. chrysocarpa Ashe.

For C. columbiana var. piperi (Britton) Eggl. see C. chrysocarpa var. piperi (Britton) Kruschke.

For C. columbiana var. occidentalis (Britton) Dorn see C. succulenta Schrad. ex. Link (including C. macracantha var. occidentalis (Britton) Eggl.).

References

  1. ^ Phipps, J.B. (1995). The identity of Crataegus columbiana and its relationship to C. piperi (Rosaceae). Taxon. 44(August): 405–408.
  2. ^ Phipps, J.B. (1998). Introduction to the red-fruited hawthorns (Crataegus, Rosaceae) of western North America. Canadian Journal of Botany. 76(11): 1863–1899.
  3. ^ Phipps, J.B.; O’Kennon, R.J. (2004). A review of Crataegus series Rotundifoliae (Rosaceae) in western Canada. Sida Contributions to Botany. 21(1): 65–77.
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Crataegus columbiana: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The name Crataegus columbiana is a source of considerable confusion. The species named by Thomas J. Howell is now considered to be the same as C. douglasii, named earlier, and the earlier name should be used instead. However, some varieties of C. columbiana have also been named that are not related to C. douglasii. C. columbiana has been used by some authors for Crataegus piperi Britton, which is now known as C. chrysocarpa var. piperi.

For C. columbiana var. chrysocarpa (Ashe) Dorn see C. chrysocarpa Ashe.

For C. columbiana var. piperi (Britton) Eggl. see C. chrysocarpa var. piperi (Britton) Kruschke.

For C. columbiana var. occidentalis (Britton) Dorn see C. succulenta Schrad. ex. Link (including C. macracantha var. occidentalis (Britton) Eggl.).

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copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
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visit source
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