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Cypress Panicgrass

Panicum ensifolium var. ensifolium

Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Panicum chamaelonche Trin. Gram. Pan. 242. 1826
Panicumnitidum minus Vasey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 30. 1892.
Panicum Baldwinii Nutt.; Kearney, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 1: 21. 1895.
Vernal phase densely tufted; culms 10-20 or even 30 cm. high, ascending, glabrous, the nodes glabrous; leaf-sheaths, except the basal ones, half as long as the internodes or less, at least the upper rather loose, glabrous or occasionally with a few cilia on the margin; ligule 0.2 mm. long; blades firm, ascending or spreading, 1.5-4 cm., rarely 5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, more or less involute-pointed, glabrous on both surfaces, often with a few long, stiff hairs on the margin near the base; panicles finally long-exserted, 2.5-5 cm. long, nearly as wide, the flexuous branchlets and pedicels spreading at nearly right angles; spikelets 1.1-1.2 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide, obovate, obtuse, turgid, glabrous; first glume one fourth to one third as long as the spikelet, obtuse; second glume slightly shorter than the fruit and sterile lemma; fruit 0.9-1 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide, elliptic, subobtuse.
Autumnal phase freely branching from the base and lower nodes, the early branches often as long as the primary culms, repeatedly branching, forming dense cushions, as much as 50 cm. across, the longer culms upturned at the ends; ultimate branchlets more or less fascicled, the scarcely reduced blades drying involute, overtopping the small panicles; winter rosettes usually persisting green during the vernal state, the rather firm blades 2-5 cm. long.
Type locality: North America.
Distribution: North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi.
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bibliographic citation
George Valentine Nash. 1915. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(3). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Panicum flavovirens Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 572. 1899
Vernal phase bright glossy-green ; culms densely tufted, very slender, ascending or spreading, 15-30 cm. high, glabrous, more or less striate-angled, the lower leaves somewhat crowded with overlapping sheaths, the upper distant; leaf-sheaths often minutely ciliate on the margin, especially at the summit, otherwise glabrous or the lowermost obscurely pubescent; blades ascending or spreading, 2-5 cm. long, 3-4 mm, wide, narrowed toward the rounded base, glabrous, or minutely puberulent beneathjthin, the cartilaginous margin inconspicuous or wanting; panicles open, loosely few-flowered, the fiexuous branches spreading or the lower somewhat reflexed; spikelets 1.3-1.4 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, elliptic, subacute, pubescent; first glume one fourth to one third as long as the spikeletjsub acute; second glume hardly equaling the fruit and sterile lemma; fruit 1.25 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide, elliptic.
Autumnal, phase spreading, the slender culms mostly decumbent or prostrate, branching
from the lower and middle nodes, these early branches usually as long as the primary culms
and loosely branching toward the summit, the short branchlets somewhat fascicled, the flat,
reduced blades spreading, the ultimate panicles reduced but exserted; winter rosettes appearing
early, usually conspicuous and persisting green during the following season as a dense tuft of
sterile shoots with somewhat developed internodes, the blades thin, bright glossy-green, as
much as 7 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide.
Type locality: Lake County, Florida.
Distribution: North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi.
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bibliographic citation
George Valentine Nash. 1915. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(3). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Panicum curtifolium Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 569. 1899
Panicum Earlei Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 571. 1899.
Panicum austro-montanum Ashe, Jour. KHsha Mitchell Soc. 16: 85. 1900.
Vernal phase in dense colonies, the culms not crowded in the clump; culms 10-30 cm. high, slender, weak, angled, erect or spreading, glabrous or sometimes with a few scattered hairs, the nodes sparsely bearded; leaf -sheaths much shorter than the elongate internodes, striateangled, sparsely spreading-pilose, ciliate, especially at the summit; ligule about 1 mm. long, the hairs soft, rather sparse; blades spreading or reflexed, 1.5-3 cm. long, 2-5 mm, wide, thin and soft, sparsely pilose on both surfaces or glabrous above except for long soft hairs near the base; panicles short-exserted at least till after maturity, 2-3 cm. long, nearly as wide, the branches ascending; spikelets 1.4 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, elliptic-obovate, obtuse, glabrous, or minutely pubescent ; first glume about one fifth as long as the spikelet ; second glume and sterile lemma both shorter than the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.25 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, elliptic.
Autumnal phase weakly spreading, the culms branching from the middle nodes after the maturity of the primary panicles, the branches exceeding the internodes; ultimate branchlets in small fascicles toward the summit of the branches, the reduced blades spreading and the small panicles mostly exserted; winter rosette appearing early, the soft blades mostly 2-3 cm., but sometimes as much as 5 cm. long.
Type locality: Ocean Springs, Mississippi.
Distribution: South Carolina and Tennessee to Florida and Mississippi.
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bibliographic citation
George Valentine Nash. 1915. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(3). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description

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Panicum vernale Hitchc. & Chase, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 15:
266. 1910.
Vernal plants light-green, soft in texture; culms densely cespitose, 15-30 cm., rarely 40 cm. high, very slender, ascending or spreading, glabrous, the nodes glabrous; leaves clustered at the base, the thin, rather soft blades 2-7 cm. long. 3-5 mm. wide, those of the culm remote, the glabrous sheaths one fourth to one third as long as the elongate internodes ; ligule almost obsolete; blades 0.7-2.5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, glabrous or puberulent on the lower surface, occasionally also on the upper surface, at first erect, becoming spreading or reflexed; panicles finally long-exserted, 1.5-3 cm. long, nearly as wide, rather few-flowered, the flexuous branches spreading; spikelets 1.4-1.5 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, obovate-elliptic, subacute, pubescent ; first glume about one fourth as long as the spikelet, subacute ; second glume and sterile lemma scarcely as long as the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.2 mm. long, 0.7-0.8 mm. wide.
Autumnal phase like the vernal form in appearance, branching from the base, these culms simple and soon dying to the ground, rarely late in the season producing a few short fascicled branchlets at the nodes, the scarcely reduced flat blades spreading; winter leaves numerous, soft, persistent during the vernal stage, linear, rather abruptly narrowed at the apex, not longacuminate.
TypS locality: Lake City, Florida. Distribution: Florida to Mississippi.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
bibliographic citation
George Valentine Nash. 1915. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(3). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Panicum glabrifolium Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 196. 1897
Vernal phase similar to that of P. chamaelonche, in smaller tufts; culms stouter, more or less flattened, 15-50 cm. high, erect or sometimes sub geniculate at base; blades firm, erect, or narrowly ascending, 4^12 cm. long, or the lower occasionally as much as 20 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, usually involute at least toward the apex, glabrous; panicles 4-9 cm. long, two thirds to three fourths as wide, the branches ascending., the ultimate branchlets and spikelets more or less secund along the lower side of the branches; spikelets 1.2—1.4 mm. long, obovate, obtuse, turgid, glabrous; first glume about one third as long as the spikelet; second glume shorter than the fruit and* sterile lemma; fruit 1.1—1.2 mm. long, elliptic.
Autumnal culms wiry, elongate, and spreading, with geniculate nodes and long internodes, freely branching from the middle and upper nodes, the blades long and narrow, overtopping the somewhat reduced panicles; winter leaves less numerous than in P. chamaelonche, as much as 10-15 cm. long, stiffly ascending.
Type locality: Tampa, Florida.
Distribution: Florida.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
bibliographic citation
George Valentine Nash. 1915. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(3). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
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North American Flora