Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt 1924)

Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt)

Penaeopsis smithi Schmitt, 1924a, p. 62, fig. 1 b, c, fig. 2 a, c. Type-locality: Caracas Baai, Curaçao. Syntypes: 1 1 , Zoological Museum, Amsterdam, 10 April 1920. 2 “immature,” Zoological Museum, Amsterdam, 19 April 1920. 2 1 1 juvenile, Zoological Museum, Amsterdam, 13 May 1920. 2 1 . USNM 57537, 13 May 1920. All collected by C. J. van der Horst.—Schmitt, 1924b, p. 65.—Schmitt, 1936, p. 364.—Wheeler, 1937, p. 325.

Penaeopsis goodei.—Boone, 1930 [?part], p. 110, possibly fig. 4A.

Penaeopsis (Metapenaeopsis) smithi.—Burkenroad, 1934, p. 17, figs. 4–7.—Burkenroad, 1938, p. 78.—Bullis and Thompson, 1965, p. 6.

Material

BERMUDA ISLANDS

1 , YPM. St. George’s Island, 25 January 1935, Atlantis (in port). 2 , YPM, St. George’s Island, 26 and 29 January 1935, M. D. Burkenroad (?). 1 , YPM, Wingay Bay, 20 (25?) November 1915, staff Bermuda Biological Station. 1 , YPM, “Jetty,” 25 July 1935, M. D. Burkenroad. 1 , YPM, “Jetty,” 24 August 1935, M. D. Burkenroad. 1 , YPM, 19 June 1936, M. D. Burkenroad.

FLORIDA

3 5 , USNM, Bear Cut, E of Virginia Key, 28 May 1956, D. De Sylva et al., Station 22.2 2 , USNM, Virginia Key, S side of bridge, 9 March 1963, staff RSMAS. 6 , USNM, Straits of Florida, 366–384 m, July 1955, Oregon Station 1350. 2 , RSMAS, SW Dry Tortugas.

MEXICO

1 , USNM, E of Arrecife Alacrán, 27 m, 11 and 12 May 1958, Oregon Station 2174.

BAHAMA ISLANDS

4 , YPM, Green Cay, 27 February 1927, Pawnee I. 1 , YPM, Green Cay, 13 March 1927, Pawnee I. 1 , YPM, Green Cay, 17 March 1925, Pawnee I. 2 , YPM, Saddle Rock Islands, 23 March 1925, Pawnee I. 1 , USNM, S of Great Inagua, 11 m, 25 May 1965, Oregon Station 5422. 4 , USNM, Samana Cay, ¼ mile off Atwood, 24 m, 26 January 1968, K. L. Gosner. 1 11 , USNM, 1 mile W of Bimini Bay, 18 m, 1966, Oregon Cruise 109. 3 , RSMAS, Bimini Harbor, 27 November 1953, G. L. Voss. 4 5 , USNM, Cat Cays, “surface,” 21 May 1966, Oregon Station 6096. 1 5 , RSMAS, Cay Sal, 2 May 1960, staff Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Florida Project.

CUBA

6 4 , USNM, Cayo Levisa, May to June 1914, Tomás Barrera Station 14. 1 , USNM, between Cabo San Antonio and Cabo Cajón, 24 May 1914, Tomás Barrera Station 12. 1 , USNM, Ensenada de Cajón, 22 May 1914, Tomás Barrera Station 11. 1 , YPM, Bahía de Guantánamo, 22 April 1933, (?) M. D. Burkenroad.

HAITI

1 , AMNH, Port au Prince, W. Beebe. 1 , AMNH, Port au Prince, W. Beebe. 1 1 , AMNH, Port au Prince, W. Beebe. 2 , AMNH, Port au Prince, W. Beebe.

PUERTO RICO

1 , USNM, Playa de Fajardo, 23 February 1933, Johnson-Smithsonian Deep Sea Expedition.

VIRGIN ISLANDS

Saint Thomas: 2 , USNM, Brewers Bay, 1 March 1933, Johnson-Smithsonian Deep Sea Expedition. Saint John: 3 1 , RSMAS, E Europa Bay, 16 February 1959, H. Kumpf et al. 6 11 RSMAS, shore at Greater Lameshur Bay, 28 April 1959, C. R. Robins, T. McKenny, and J. Randall, Station 46. Peter Island: 1 , USNM, 26 m, 16 May 1967, Oregon Station 6691. Saint Croix: 1 USNM, Christiansted, H. A. Beatty.

LESSER ANTILLES

Saint Christopher: 2 , AMNH, Basseterre, 21 July 1932, Antares Expedition. Sint Maarten: 3 1 , RSMAS, Little Bay, 7 July 1959, John E. Randall and C. P. Idyll. The Grenadines: 4 , USNM, 33 m, 18 March 1966, Oregon Station 5981. Islas Los Roques: 2 2 , USNM, Isla El Carenero, 3 August 1963. Curaçao: 1 2 syntypes, USNM 57537, Caracas Baai, 13 May 1920, C. J. Van der Horst.

WESTERN CARIBBEAN

Swan Island: 1 9 , YPM, 12 April 1925, Pawnee I, Station 29. Rosalind Bank: 1 , USNM, 27 m, 6 June 1962, Oregon Station 3618. Serrana Bank: 4 8 , USNM, 0 to 2 m, 12 May 1964, Oregon Station 4836. Isla de Providencia: 1 USNM, 1884, Albatross.

Diagnosis

Body covered by plumose, rather densely set setae, arranged in two patches on each side of carapace and bands and patches on pleonic somites. Stylocerite usually short, reaching to midlength of first antennular segment. Third pereopod short, extending at most to midlength of second antennular segment. Abdominal carina short, extending from posterior half of third to sixth somites. Telson with terminal portion short and broad, length of latter three to three and one-half times width at base. Petasma with right distoventral projection deeply cleft into two subequal, elongate lobes. Distoventral ement distally produced in dextrally directed broad process. Thelycum with median plate bearing horseshoe-shaped marginal strip and coiled lateral strips.

Description

PUBESCENCE (Figure 18A–D).—Carapace covered with setae of two types: one stiff, with stout shaft, other with flexible, slender shaft. First type either relatively long, bearing rather firmly attached pinnulae, latter long along middle portion, decreasing in length toward both extremities (Figure 18A, C) or short, unarmed (Figure 18B). Longer setae on parts of dorsum of carapace, and laterally anterior to hepatic spine, bordering cervical sulcus and hepatic sulcus (there forming elongate, curved patch); two patches of longer setae also present on branchial region, one posterodorsally and other posteroventrally. Short setae sparse on rostrum, more abundant on anteroventral portion of carapace, on parts of dorsum, at base of hepatic spine, and sparsely covering branchial region. Stiff setae, most long, also arranged in bands and patches on pleonic somites, and covering telson. Second type, that with flexible, slender shaft and bearing pinnulae (Figure 18D) rather sparsely distributed on various areas of carapace.

ROSTRUM.—Teeth 7 to 10, mode 8 (percentage distribution: 7–2, 8–55, 9–38, 10–5; N—60) + epigastric; first tooth slightly anterior to orbital margin, last tooth minute, epigastric almost constantly at one-fourth carapace length from orbital margin. Rostrum slightly to moderately tilted upward from base, with extreme posteroventral margin concave, maximum height immediately anterior to base, decreasing progressively to apex; rostrum shorter than carapace, in adult reaching as far as midlength of third antennular segment, shorter in young.

CARAPACE.—Orbital angle almost 90°, apex with minute orbital spine directed anterodorsally; antennal spine prominent, pointed, with low round carina; hepatic spine long, slender, and sharp, apex slightly anterior to that of epigastric tooth; pterygostomian spine relatively small, about one-third length of curved anterior portion of margin below spine. Orbito-antennal sulcus indistinct; cervical sulcus feeble, almost hidden by long setae; hepatic sulcus nearly horizontal to level of hepatic spine, there turning anteroventrally.

ANTENNULES.—Length of antennular peduncle about four-fifths that of carapace. Dorsal flagellum slightly shorter than ventral, length of ventral about two-fifths that of antennular peduncle. Prosartema extending to about base of distal fifth of first antennular segment; stylocerite projected distally in sharp, relatively short spine, usually extending only to midlength (but occasionally as far as two-thirds) of first antennular segment; anterolateral spine, long, slender, and sharp.

ANTENNAE.—Scaphocerite with series of stout spines along dorsal surface of distolateral margin, its distal end reaching about proximal fourth of thickened portion of dorsal antennular flagellum. Length of antennal flagellum same as shrimp total length.

THORACIC APPENDAGES.—Third maxilliped ranging in extent from distal end of first antennular segment to end of proximal third of second; first pereopod extending at least to midlength of carpocerite and, at most, exceeding it by half dactyl; second pereopod exceeding carpocerite by as much as four-fifths length of propodus; third pereopod reaching at least end of proximal fourth and, at most, midlength of second antennular segment; fourth pereopod reaching to midlength of carpocerite; fifth pereopod exceeding fourth by half to entire length of dactyl. Coxal plate of fourth pereopod in females broad and slightly convex. Ischial spine on first pereopod.

ABDOMEN.—Median carina extending from fourthsomite, occasionally from posterior half of third (if present there, low and rounded), to sixth somite, forming blunt keel and increasing in height posteriorly, bearing V-shaped incision on posterior margin of fourth and fifth somites, and ending on posterior margin of sixth in small spine. Abdomen forming hump from second to fourth somites; length of sixth somite one and one-half times maximum height. Telson slightly surpassing base of distal fifth of inner ramus of uropod, with terminal portion short and broad, three to three and one-half times width at base; lateral fixed spines of telson reaching end of proximal third of terminal portion, posterior of three pairs of lateral movable spines reaching as far as, or slightly surpassing, fixed spines, second pair extending to bases of posterior pair, anterior pair very small. Outer ramus of uropod slightly longer than inner.

PETASMA (Figures 19A–C and 20A, B).—Right distoventral projection cleft by deep sinus into two subequal, elongate lobes. Distoventral flap wound in large roll, strongly inclined dorsally. Distoventral element consisting of proximal, blunt demicone, produced distally in dextrally directed, broad process, with distomedian border densely covered by spinules; demicone bearing dorsal, strongly recurved fold. Rigid component contiguous with distoventral element (ventral extension of right distodorsal element), produced distally, and bearing subterminal, ventrally projecting horn, lying against demicone. Right distodorsal projection fleshy and roughly lanceolate; subapical projection subtrapezoidal and stiff. Left distodorsal projection thin, flexible, elongate, tightly wound, and ventrally inclined. Proximal portion of left half of petasma with short, blunt spine at dorsolateral base of long, oblique, median spur.

APPENDIX MASCULINA.—Essentially identical to that described for M. goodei (Smith).

THELYCUM (Figures 21A, B and 22).—Posterior ridge forming two lateral rounded lobes, with median portion short and almost uniform in length, barely produced anteriorly along midline. Transverse plate with median portion short, anterolaterally produced in conspicuous extensions connecting with hoods; latter subsemicircular in outline, extending anterodorsally, flanking posterolateral portions of median plate, and continuing posteromedially forming paired pouches dorsal to transverse plate. Median bridge slender, long, and deeply set, and hidden anteriorly by median strips. Median plate much elongated, armed with long, anteromedian spine, and with ventral surface bearing paired external spiral grooves (originating posteriorly and running on each side of median line) delimiting horseshoe-shaped marginal strip, and, near end of arm of shoe, turning anteriorly and finally posteriorly, ending in pit, located at center of lateral half of median plate; paired internal spiral grooves (originating on excavated, posterolateral portions of median plate) extending anteriorly subparallel to corresponding external groove, continuing posteriorly and finally anteriorly, ending in pit; median longitudinal segments of external and internal grooves delimiting broad median strip, latter suddenly narrowing and continuing between grooves to central pit; strips formed by grooves on each side giving impression of single strip wound in spiral; median plate extending caudally into two elongate, subtriangular processes. Narrow, ribbonlike folds on dorsal surface of median plate (Figure 21B), underlying coiled grooves on ventral surface, innermost portions of folds forming funnel corresponding to ventral pit. Paired grooves between sternites XIII and XIV extending along anterior and median margins of hoods dipping beneath transverse plate, there making U turn and running anteriorly on each side of slender median bridge. Sternite XII with paired, small protuberances.

Sternite XI in females, as well as in males, bearing two spinous processes broad at their bases.

SEMINAL RECEPTACLES (Figure 21B).—Paired, roughly ovoid capsules, somewhat flattened, slightly produced posterolaterally, and located dorsal to hoods. Capsules continuous with narrow ducts running posteromedially and then turning anteriorly in U, median arm of U extending anteriorly on dorsal surface of median plate to marginal strip; ducts (underlying grooves between sternites XIII and XIV) opening in almost imperceptible slits, located between subtriangular processes of median plate and posteromedian extensions of hoods. In impregnated females, spermatophores restricted to capsules and proximal portions of ducts, not occupying median arm of U on either side; impregnation often detectable by hardened secretion from spermatophores protruding from slits.

Size

Maximum length recorded, 1 . 12.4 mm c.l., 49 mm t.l., from Bermuda Islands; males smaller than females, maximum length recorded 7.7 mm c.l., 40 mm t.l., from Serrana Bank, Oregon Station 4936 (petasma figured).

Shallow to deep-waters (e.g. 10-190 m)

Soft bottom (mud or sand)