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Figures 145–152.Copulatory organs of Selenops kalinago sp. n. male from north side of Silver Hills, Montserrat (EME sel_772) 145–146 Selenops souliga sp. n. holotype female from Emilio Wilson Estate, St. Maarten (EME sel_711) 147–148 allotype male from southeast side of island, trail from Back Bay to Geneve Bay, St. Maarten (EME sel_119) 149–150 Selenops bani Alayón-García female from Lago Enriquillo, El Azufrada, La Descubierta, Independencia, Dominican Republic (EME sel_190) 151–152, 145, 149 left pedipalp, ventral view, 146, 150 left pedipalp, retrolateral view 147, 151 epigyne, ventral view 148, 152 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.50 mm.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Map 8.The northwest of Western Australia (inset) showing the distribution of Karaops gen. n. Karaops julianneae sp. n. (black star), Karaops badgeradda sp. n. (white star), Karaops karrawarla sp. n. (white diamond), Karaops martamarta sp. n.(white circles), Karaops burbidgei sp. n. (white squares).
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Figures 189–194.Habitats and natural history of some Selenops species. 189 Selenops insularis Keyserling, Laguna Kiani, Vieques, Puerto Rico 190 Selenops baweka sp. n. adult male on the trunk of a tamarind tree, Turtle Cove, Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands 191 Selenops kalinago sp. n. on tree trunk, Silver Hills, Montserrat. Note striped legs and how the legs darken distally 192 Selenops souliga sp. n., Back Bay, St. Maarten, between the leaves of a plant 193 Selenops souliga sp. n. adult female guarding her flat white egg sac inside of a folded palm frond, Anguilla 194 Selenops simius Muma, on a limestone rock at night, Cayman Brac, Cayman Islands.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 43–50.Copulatory organs of Karaops julianneae sp. n., male holotype from Lorna Glen Station, Western Australia, Australia (WAM T64748) (43–44), Karaops martamarta sp. n., female holotype from Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill, Pilbara, Western Australia, Australia (WAM T97482) (45–46), and Karaops manaayan sp. n., female holotype from Kempsey Road, West Armidale, above Mcleay River, New South Wales, Australia (AM KS043756) (47–48), male paratype from Armidale-Kempsey Road, above Mcleay River, New South Wales, Australia (AM KS113351) (49–50), 43, 45, 47 epigyne, ventral view 44, 46, 48 spermathecae, dorsal view 49 male pedipalp, ventral view 50 male pedipalp, retrolateral view. Scale bar: 0.50 mm. Abbreviation: QP = quadrangular process.
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Figures 201–206.Habitats and natural history of some Selenops species. 201 Dry thornscrub and rocky wash where Selenops bifurcatus Banks was extremely common, Zacatan, Guatemala 202 Pine/fern habitat, Abaco, Bahamas where Selenops aissus Walckenaer can be found 203 Dry forest habitat around Laguna Oviedo, Pedernales, Dominican Republic. The species Selenops oviedo sp. n. can be found underneath the rocks 204 Thornscrub habitat, Shirley's Heights Lookout, Antigua, where Selenops kalinago sp. n. can be found under bark 205 Blowing Point, Anguilla, where Selenops souliga sp. n. can be found under limestone rocks in the thornscrub habitat 206 Coastal thornscrub habitat, El Morro, Dominican Republic. Selenops insularis Keyserling can be found under the bark of trees, while Selenops morro sp. n. is more common under rocks.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figure 96–102.Habitats of Karaops species. 96 Macleay River, New South Wales, habitat of Karaops manaayn sp. n. and Karaops raveni sp. n., both collected under the bark of trees above the river 97 Scree slope in the Tinderry Ranges, New South Wales, habitat of Karaops raveni sp. n., collected from beneath the rocks 98 Badgeradda Range, near Muggon Station, Western Australia, habitat of Karaops badgeradda sp. n., collected from under loose rocks 99 Near Red Hill, Pilbara, Western Australia, habitat of Karaops martamarta sp. n., collected from beneath loose rocks. These spiders are a very red color, as the color of the substrate 100 Cape Arid, Western Australia, habitat of Karaops francesae sp. n., collected from beneath loose rocks on granite outcrop 101 Scree slope on Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National park, habitat of Karaops toolbrunup sp. n., collected from beneath rocks on scree slope 102 Forest at Kapalga, near South Alligator River, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, habitat of Karaops dawara sp. n., collected from beneath bark.
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Map 14.Map of the northern Lesser Antilles (inset) showing the distribution of Selenops kalinago sp. n. (white circles).
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Map 7.Eastern Australia (inset) showing the distribution of Karaops gen. n. Karaops raveni sp. n. (white circles), Karaops manaayn sp. n. (white diamonds), Karaops marrayagong sp. n. (white star).
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Figures 145–152.Copulatory organs of Selenops kalinago sp. n. male from north side of Silver Hills, Montserrat (EME sel_772) 145–146 Selenops souliga sp. n. holotype female from Emilio Wilson Estate, St. Maarten (EME sel_711) 147–148 allotype male from southeast side of island, trail from Back Bay to Geneve Bay, St. Maarten (EME sel_119) 149–150 Selenops bani Alayón-García female from Lago Enriquillo, El Azufrada, La Descubierta, Independencia, Dominican Republic (EME sel_190) 151–152, 145, 149 left pedipalp, ventral view, 146, 150 left pedipalp, retrolateral view 147, 151 epigyne, ventral view 148, 152 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.50 mm.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 1–6.Copulatory organs of Amamanganops baginawa sp. n., the holotype from Mindoro Island, Philippines (CAS 9031787) (1–2), Siamspinops aculeatus (Simon, 1901) comb. n. from Gunong, Malaysia (UMZC) (3–4) and Godumops caritus sp. n., the holotype from Baiteta Forest, Papua New Guinea (RMCA) (5–6): 1, 3 epigyne, ventral view 2, 4 spermathecae, dorsal view 5 male pedipalp, ventral view 6 male pedipalp, retrolateral view. Scale bar: (1–2) 0.5 mm, (5–6) 0.25 mm. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening, MS = median septum, EP = epigynal pockets, FD = fertilization ducts, SD = sperm ducts, SP = spermathecae, MF = median field, PF = posterodorsal fold, C = conductor, E = embolus, dRTA = dorsal branch of retrolateral tibial apolphysis, vRTA = ventral branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis.
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Figures 189–194.Habitats and natural history of some Selenops species. 189 Selenops insularis Keyserling, Laguna Kiani, Vieques, Puerto Rico 190 Selenops baweka sp. n. adult male on the trunk of a tamarind tree, Turtle Cove, Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands 191 Selenops kalinago sp. n. on tree trunk, Silver Hills, Montserrat. Note striped legs and how the legs darken distally 192 Selenops souliga sp. n., Back Bay, St. Maarten, between the leaves of a plant 193 Selenops souliga sp. n. adult female guarding her flat white egg sac inside of a folded palm frond, Anguilla 194 Selenops simius Muma, on a limestone rock at night, Cayman Brac, Cayman Islands.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 103–109.Habitus of representatives of various selenopid genera. 103 Amamanganops baginawa sp. n., female, from Mindoro, Philippines. The orange hue is likely not natural and seems to develop after being preserved for some time 104 Anyphops barnardi (Lawrence), female, from Gauteng South Africa 105 Anyphops parvulus (Pocock), female, from Tsitsikamma National Park, South Africa 106 Garcorops madagascar Corronca, male, from Hellville, Madagascar 107 Godumops caritus sp. n., male, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea 108 Hovops sp., female, from Park National Montagne d’Ambre, Madagascar 109 Labium of Godumops caritus sp. n. showing m-shaped distal region. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. Abbreviations: L = labium, st = sternum.
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Figures 201–206.Habitats and natural history of some Selenops species. 201 Dry thornscrub and rocky wash where Selenops bifurcatus Banks was extremely common, Zacatan, Guatemala 202 Pine/fern habitat, Abaco, Bahamas where Selenops aissus Walckenaer can be found 203 Dry forest habitat around Laguna Oviedo, Pedernales, Dominican Republic. The species Selenops oviedo sp. n. can be found underneath the rocks 204 Thornscrub habitat, Shirley's Heights Lookout, Antigua, where Selenops kalinago sp. n. can be found under bark 205 Blowing Point, Anguilla, where Selenops souliga sp. n. can be found under limestone rocks in the thornscrub habitat 206 Coastal thornscrub habitat, El Morro, Dominican Republic. Selenops insularis Keyserling can be found under the bark of trees, while Selenops morro sp. n. is more common under rocks.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Map 1.Part of Asia showing the known distribution of the Selenopidae in the region. Selenops radiatus Latreille (black circles), Selenops ollarius Zhu, Sha and Chen (white circle), Pakawops formosanus comb. n. (white squares), Amamanganops baginawa (black star), Siamspinops aculeatus comb. n. (white hexagon).
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Map 9.Map of the northern Caribbean (insets) showing the distribution of three species of Selenops in the region, Selenops lindborgi Petrunkevitch (white diamonds), Selenops souliga sp. n. (black circles) , and Selenops amona (ital.) sp. n. (white circles). Due to the large difference in scale of the different islands, there are two insets. (Inset 1: GI=Great Inagua, DR=Dominican Republic, PR=Puerto Rico (Inset 2: SKN=St. Kitts and Nevis).
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 51–58.Copulatory organs of Karaops vadlaadambara sp. n., male holotype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199353) (51–52), female paratype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199354) (53–54), and Karaops pilkingtoni sp. n., male holotype from Trig Hill, Old Telegraph Station, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (WAM T76590) (55–56), female paratype from Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (SAM N199359) (57–58), 51, 55 male pedipalp, ventral view 52, 56 male pedipalp, retrolateral view 53, 57 epigyne, ventral view 54, 58 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.
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Figures 21–28.Copulatory organs of Selenops gracilis Muma holotype male from Ayotzinapa, Guerrero, México (AMNH) 21–22 female from Taxco, México (AMNH) 23–24 Selenops malinalxochitl sp. n. holotype female from Zapotitlan de las Salinas, Puebla, México (CNAN sel_1005) 25–26 Selenops mexicanus Keyserling male from Totogalpa, Alcadia Ocotal, Departmiento Madríz,Nicaragua (EME sel_934) 27–28, 21, 27 male pedipalp, ventral view 22, 28 male pedipalp, retrolateral view 23, 25 epigyne, ventral view 24, 26 spermathecae dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.90 mm (21–22), 0.50 mm (23–26).
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Map 9.Central Australia (inset) showing the distribution of Karaops gen. n. Karaops pilkingtoni sp. n. (white square), Karaops ngarutjaranya sp. n. (white circles), Karaops deserticola sp. n. (white star).
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Map 5.Map of México and Guatemala (inset) showing the distribution of several Selenops species in the region. Selenops aztecus Valdez-Mondragón (white circle), Selenops gracilis Muma (black circles), Selenops malinalxochitl sp. n. (black squares), Selenops abyssus Muma (white squares), Selenops juxtlahuaca Valdez-Mondragón (white triangle), Selenops marginalis F.O. Pickard-Cambridge(white X), Selenops minutus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge (black triangle), Selenops morosus Banks (black Xs), Selenops nigromaculatus Keyserling (black hexagon), Selenops makimaki sp. n. (grey hexagon), Selenops scitus Muma (black stars), Selenops ixchel sp. n. (white star), Selenops petenajtoy sp. n. (white diamond), Selenops lepidus Muma (black diamond), Selenops chamela sp. n. (grey circle), Selenops huetocatl sp. n. (grey squares). US = United States, Mex = México, Gu = Guatemala, ES = El Salvador, H = Honduras, N = Nicaragua.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 51–58.Copulatory organs of Karaops vadlaadambara sp. n., male holotype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199353) (51–52), female paratype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199354) (53–54), and Karaops pilkingtoni sp. n., male holotype from Trig Hill, Old Telegraph Station, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (WAM T76590) (55–56), female paratype from Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (SAM N199359) (57–58), 51, 55 male pedipalp, ventral view 52, 56 male pedipalp, retrolateral view 53, 57 epigyne, ventral view 54, 58 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.
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Figures 153–160.Copulatory organs of Selenops bani Alayón-García male from Lago Enriquillo, El Azufrada, La Descubierta, Independencia, Dominican Republic (EME sel_188) 153–154 Selenops pensilis Muma holotype female from Grand'Anse, Haiti (MCZ) 155–156 Selenops enriquillo sp. n. holotype female from El Azufrada, La Descubierta, Lago Enriquillo, Prov. Independencia, Dominican Republic (EME sel_182) 157–158 male from Isla Cabrito, Lago Enriquillo, Dominican Republic (MNHNSD) 159–160, 153, 159 left pedipalp, ventral view 154, 160 left pedipalp, retrolateral view 155, 157 epigyne, ventral view 156, 158 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.50 mm.
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Map 9.Central Australia (inset) showing the distribution of Karaops gen. n. Karaops pilkingtoni sp. n. (white square), Karaops ngarutjaranya sp. n. (white circles), Karaops deserticola sp. n. (white star).
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Map 13.Map of Hispaniola (inset) showing the distribution of endemic Selenops species, Selenops marcanoi Alayón-García (white circles), Selenops bocacanadensis sp. n. (black circles), Selenops oviedo sp. n. (white squares), Selenops duan sp. n. (black square), Selenops denia sp. n. (white triangles), Selenops guerrero sp. n. (black triangle), Selenops bani Alayón-García (white Xs), Selenops pensilis Muma (white hexagons), Selenops enriquillo sp. n. (black hexagons), Selenops phaselus Muma (white stars), and Selenops morro sp. n. (black star).
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Sarah C. Crews, Mark S. Harvey
Zookeys
Figures 59–64.Copulatory organs of Karaops deserticola sp. n., holotype female from Mount Lindsay, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199350) (59–60), and Karaops ngarutjaranya sp. n., male holotype from northeast of Mount Woodroffe, South Australia, Australia (SAM NN10914) (61–62), female paratype from southeast of Womikata Bore Homeland, South Australia, Australia (SAM NN10915) (63–64), 59, 63 epigyne, ventral view 60, 64 spermathecae, dorsal view. 61 male pedipalp, ventral view 62 male pedipalp, retrolateral view.Scale bar: 0.25 mm (59–60), 0.50 mm (61–64).