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Arctic Hair Grass

Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Scheele

Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahl.) Scheele, Flora 27: 56. 1844
Aira atropurpurea Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 37. 1812.
Avena atropurpurea Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 119. 1827. (Based on Aira atropurpurea Wahl.)
Holcus atropurpureus Wahl. Sv. Bot. pi. 687. 1828. (Based on Aira atropurpurea Wahl.)
Aira latifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 243. 1840. (Type from Rocky Mountains, Drummond .)
Vahlodea atropurpurea Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. 243. 1845. (Based on Aira atropurpurea Wahl.)
Deschampsia latifolia Vasey, Grasses U. S. 29. 1883. (Based on Aira latifolia Hook.) Not
D. latifolia Hochst. 1851. Deschampsia Hookeriana Scribn. Bot. Gaz. 11: 97. 1886. (Based on Aira latifolia Hook.) Deschampsia atropurpurea var. minor Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club IS: 48. 1888. (Type from Vancouver Island, Macoun in 1887.) Deschampsia atropurpurea var. latifolia Scribn.; Macoun, Cat. Can. PI. 2': 209. 1888. (Based on
Aira latifolia Hook.) Erioblastus flexuosus Honda, Jour. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Bot. 3: 143. 1930. (Type from Japan.) Vahlodea flexuosa Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. 2: 33. 1933. (Based on Erioblastus flexuosus Honda.)
Perennial; culms loosely tufted, erect, purplish at the base, glabrous, 40-80 cm. tall; sheaths glabrous; ligule rounded, dentate, 3 mm. long; blades flat, thin, ascending or appressed, glabrous or slightly scaberulous, acute or abruptly acuminate, 5-10 cm. long, 4—6 mm. wide; panicle loose, open, nodding, 5-10 cm. long, the axis glabrous or nearly so, the few capillary branches scabrous, drooping, mostly in two's, naked below; spikelets mostly purplish, broad; glumes broad, acute, 5 mm. long, exceeding the florets, the second 3-nerved; lemmas scabrous or glabrous, about 2.5 mm. long, the callus-hairs about half as long, the rachilla-joint pilose, 0.7 mm. long; awn attached about the middle of the lemma, that of the lower straight or nearly so and included, that of the upper geniculate, exscrted.
TvPK uXMATv: Lapland.
Distribution: Woods and meadows, Newfoundland an<l Labrador to Alaska, and southward to the White Mountains. Colorado, and Oregon; also in northern Eurasia.
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bibliographic citation
Albert Spear Hitchcock, Jason Richard Swallen, Agnes Chase. 1939. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(8). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Physical Description

provided by USDA PLANTS text
Perennials, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Rhizomes present, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clust ered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence an open panicle, openly paniculate, branches spreading, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence lax, widely spreading, branches drooping, pendulous, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 2 florets, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all ali ke and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating above the glumes, glumes persistent, Spikelets disarticulating beneath or between the florets, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glumes keeled or winged, Glumes 1 nerved, Glumes 3 nerved, Lemma similar in texture to glumes, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma body or surface hairy, Lemma apex truncate, rounded, or obtuse, Lemma apex dentate, 2-fid, Lemma apex dentate, 3-5 fid, Lemma mucronate, very shortly beaked or awned, less than 1-2 mm, Lemma distinctly awned, more than 2-3 mm, Lemma with 1 awn, Lemma awn less than 1 cm long, Lemma awn subapical or dorsal, Lemma awns straight or curved to base, Lemma awn twisted, spirally coiled at base, like a corkscrew, Lemma awn once geniculate, bent once, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Palea membranous, hyaline, Palea about equal to lemma, Palea longer than lemma, Palea 2 nerved or 2 keeled, Palea keels winged, scabrous, or ciliate, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis.
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Dr. David Bogler
source
Missouri Botanical Garden
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USDA NRCS NPDC
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USDA PLANTS text