Biology
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англиски
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A denizen of xeric habitats, P. apache nests in sizable dead branches (1-12 cm diameter) of various trees (especially live oaks) and large woody shrubs, usually taking advantage of beetle-bored cavities. By state and country. nest-site records are as follows (Ward, 1985):Texas: Prosopis glandulosa, Quercus grisea.Arizona: Populus sp., Prosopis sp., Quercus arizonica, Q. emoryi, Q. grisea, Q. oblongifolia, Q. turbinella.California: Arctostaphylos manzanita, Fraxinus gall, Pinus attenuata cone, Quercus chrysolepis, Q. wislizenii, Umbellularia californica.Mexico: Prosopis sp., Quercus emoryi, Q. fusiformis, Q. oblongifolia, Q. santaclarensis.Ward (1985) dissected 13 nests (from Texas, Arizona and California), of which five contained no dealate females, six contained a single queen, one contained two functional (i.e. inseminated) queens, and one contained 6 dealate queens. Thus, this species is at least occasionally polygynous and, judging from the queenless nests, polydomous. For two of the five queenless nests, queenright nests were located on the same tree or shrub.Ward (1985) recorded two observations of lone foraging (presumably colony founding) dealate queens: one on the trunk of a Quercus arizonica tree in September (Arizona) and the other on an Arctostaphylos bush in February (northern California). The latter queen was dissected and found to be inseminated but possessing preoviposition ovaries (ovarioles short; corpora lutea absent). Alates of P. apache have been collected in March, April, and July to November, suggesting that mating may occur in more than one season.CaliforniaPseudomyrmex apache is found throughout most of California except the mountains and extreme north. It occurs in chaparral, oak woodland, mixed (oak-pine-douglas fir) forest, coastal sage scrub, and desert riparian sites. Nests have been collected in dead branches of Arctostaphylos, Baccharis, Quercus and Umbellularia. There are also records from a Fraxinus gall and a Pinus attenuata cone. Workers appear to be generalist scavengers. Alates are produced sporadically throughout the year.
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Distribution Notes
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англиски
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Pseudomyrmex apache ranges from California to east Texas, and south into northern Mexico (Ward, 1985).
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Identification
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Worker:median clypeal lobe laterally roundedeyes relatively short, such that scape length subequal to eye length (SL/EL 0.90-1.00)minimum distance between frontal carinae subequal to basal width of scapemoderate size (HW 0.83-1.04)standing pilosity sparse (generally absent from mesonotum and propodeum)
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Taxonomic History
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англиски
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Pseudomyrmex apache Creighton, 1953b PDF: 134, pl. 12, figs. 1-7 (w.q.m.) U.S.A. Nearctic.
AntCat AntWiki HOLTaxonomic history
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1956 PDF: 380 (l.).See also:
Creighton, 1954 PDF: 9;
Ward, 1985b PDF: 229.
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- AntWeb. Version 8.45.1. California Academy of Science, online at https://www.antweb.org. Accessed 15 December 2022.
Distribution
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англиски
)
добавил Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico
S. Tex., s. N. Mex., s. Ariz., s. Calif.; n. Mexico.
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- Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. 1979. Prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein and Paul D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, and David R. Smith and B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute. Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture.
General Ecology
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англиски
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добавил Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico
Most colonies have been found in sizeable limbs or trunks of species of Quercus and Prosopis.
- библиографски навод
- Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. 1979. Prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein and Paul D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, and David R. Smith and B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute. Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture.
Pseudomyrmex apache: Brief Summary
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англиски
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добавил wikipedia EN
Pseudomyrmex apache is a species of ant in the family Formicidae.
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Pseudomyrmex apache: Brief Summary
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шпански; кастиљски
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Pseudomyrmex apache es una especie de hormiga del género Pseudomyrmex, subfamilia Pseudomyrmecinae. Fue descrita por Creighton en 1953.
Mide alrededor de 5 mm. Se encuentra en el sur de Estados Unidos y en México. Es de hábitats desérticos, especialmente cerca de robles y de mezquites, en los que anida.
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Pseudomyrmex apache: Brief Summary
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португалски
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добавил wikipedia PT
Pseudomyrmex apache é uma espécie de formiga do género Pseudomyrmex, subfamilia Pseudomyrmecinae. Foi descrita por Creighton em 1953.
Mede ao redor de 5 mm. Encontra-se no sul dos Estados Unidos e em México. É de habitats desérticos, especialmente para perto de robles e de mezquites, nos que aninha.
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Pseudomyrmex apache
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руски
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добавил wikipedia русскую Википедию
Pseudomyrmex apache (лат.) — вид древесных муравьёв рода Pseudomyrmex из подсемейства Pseudomyrmecinae (Formicidae). Новый Свет[1].
Распространение
Северная Америка: США и Мексика[1][2][3].
Описание
Мелкого размера муравьи желтовато-оранжевого цвета. Длина головы рабочих (HL) 1,02 — 1,30 мм, ширина головы (HW) 0,83 — 1,04 мм. Передний клипеальный край округлый. Имеют относительно крупные глаза и сильное жало. Тело узкое, ноги короткие. Стебелёк между грудкой и брюшком состоит из двух узловидных члеников (петиоль и постпетиоль). Крылатые половые особи наблюдаются в разные времена года (март, апрель, июль, ноябрь). Живут в полостях живых деревьев и кустарников различных растений рода Quercus (Quercus chrysolepis, Quercus grisea, Quercus wislizenii, Quercus arizonica, Q. emoryi, Q. oblongifolia, Q. turbinella, Q. emoryi, Q. fusiformis, Q. oblongifolia, Q. santaclarensis), Prosopis (Prosopis glandulosa), Arctostaphylos manzanita, Fraxinus gall, Pinus attenuata cone, Umbellularia californica, с которыми находятся во взаимовыгодных отношениях[1][4].
Систематика
Вид был впервые описан в 1953 году американским энтомологом Уильямом Крейтоном (Creighton, W. S.), валидный статус подтверждён в 1980-1990-е годы в ходе ревизии американским энтомологом Филом Уардом (Ward, P. S.). Принадлежит к видовой группе pallens species group; близок к видам Pseudomyrmex pallidus и Pseudomyrmex seminole[1][5].
Примечания
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↑ 1 2 3 4 Ward, P. S. Systematics, biogeography and host plant associations of the Pseudomyrmex viduus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Triplaris- and Tachigali-inhabiting ants (англ.) // Zool. J. Linn. Soc. : Журнал. — 1999. — Vol. 126. — P. 451-540.
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↑ Ward, P. S. The Nearctic species of the genus Pseudomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (англ.) // Quaest. Entomol. : Журнал. — 1985. — Vol. 21. — P. 209—246.
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↑ Ward, P. S. Systematic studies on pseudomyrmecine ants: revision of the Pseudomyrmex oculatus and P. subtilissimus species groups, with taxonomic comments on other species (англ.) // Quaest. Entomol. : Журнал. — 1989. — Vol. 25. — P. 393—468.
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↑ Ward, P. S. Systematic studies on Pseudomyrmex acacia-ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Pseudomyrmecinae) (англ.) // J. Hym. Res. : Журнал. — 1993. — Vol. 2. — P. 117-168.
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↑ Creighton, W. S. 1953. Pseudomyrmex apache, a new species from the southwestern United States (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Psyche (Camb.) 59: 131-142.
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Pseudomyrmex apache: Brief Summary
(
руски
)
добавил wikipedia русскую Википедию
Pseudomyrmex apache (лат.) — вид древесных муравьёв рода Pseudomyrmex из подсемейства Pseudomyrmecinae (Formicidae). Новый Свет.
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