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Morphology ( англиски )

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Dorsal spines (total): 16 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7 - 8
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Life Cycle ( англиски )

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Spawns in groups or in pairs. Pairing occurs between females and size-dominant males exhibiting strong territoriality and performing a protracted courtship (Ref. 6488). Gonochorism is confirmed for this species (Ref. 103751).
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Diagnostic Description ( англиски )

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Distinguished from Tautogolabrus adspersus which occurs in the same area and further north, by its steep, rounded dorsal head profile; stouter body; scaled lower gill cover; and the more backward location of the pelvic fins.
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Biology ( англиски )

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Found close to shore on hard-bottom habitats, occasionally entering brackish water. Adult male territorial and active during the day to feed and rests in crevices at night. Prefers temperatures above 10°C. Spawning was noted in June-July in Canadian waters, but appears more protracted (April-July) in coastal waters of Virginia, USA. Feeds mainly on mussels, gastropods, other mollusks and crustaceans. This species has gained popularity as a prized food and sport fish (Ref. 6486, 4926, 41297). Investigation on the diel and seasonal activity patterns of the adult tautog in its southern range were conducted using ultrasonic telemetry (Ref. 41297).
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Importance ( англиски )

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fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums; price category: very high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
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Tautoga onitis ( каталонски; валенсиски )

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Tautoga onitis és una espècie de peix de la família dels làbrids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Morfologia

Els mascles poden assolir els 91 cm de longitud total.[2]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des de Halifax (Nova Escòcia, Canadà) fins a Carolina del Sud (Estats Units).[2]

Referències

  1. BioLib
  2. 2,0 2,1 FishBase (anglès)

Bibliografia

  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Leim, A.H. i W.B. Scott, 1966. Fishes of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. (155):485 p.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River (Nova Jersey, Estats Units): Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

Enllaços externs

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Tautoga onitis
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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( каталонски; валенсиски )

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Tautoga onitis és una espècie de peix de la família dels làbrids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Tautoga onitis ( германски )

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Tautoga onitis ist eine Fischart aus der Familie der Lippfische (Labridae), die im westlichen Atlantik, vor allem an der Ostküste der USA und Kanadas, vorkommt.[1] Sie ernährt sich hauptsächlich von Miesmuscheln, Schnecken und Krebstieren.[1]

Allgemeines

Die Art erreicht eine maximale Länge von bis zu 90 Zentimetern; das schwerste bisher bekannte Exemplar war 11,3 Kilogramm schwer.[1] Die ältesten bekannten Exemplare wurden 34 Jahre alt.[1]

Die Fische halten sich bevorzugt am Ufer von Hartboden auf, gelegentlich auch in Brackwasser.[1] Sie bevorzugen des Weiteren Wassertemperaturen von über 10 °C. Erwachsene Männchen verhalten sich territorial, sind tagsüber auf Nahrungssuche und ruhen nachts in Felsspalten.[1]

Die Paarung erfolgt zwischen Weibchen und dominanten Männchen mit einer langwierigen Balz. Das Laichen erfolgt in Gruppen oder paarweise und wurde im April bis Juni in den Küstengewässern von Virginia sowie im Juni bis Juli in kanadischen Gewässern beobachtet.[1]

Fischerei und Gefährdung

Tautoga onitis hat eine größere Bedeutung für die Fischerei an der nordamerikanischen Atlantikküste.[2] So werden zum Beispiel an der Küste Neuenglands jährlich 750 Tonnen der Art gefischt.[3]

Aufgrund seiner geringen Reproduktionsrate und seines langsamen Wachstums ist Tautoga onitis besonders anfällig für Überfischung. Da die Populationen stark zurückgegangen sind, empfiehlt das Blue Ocean Institute in Stony Brook auf den Konsum dieser Art zu verzichten.[4]

Die IUCN schätzt den Zustand der Art als gefährdet ein.[5]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e f g Tautoga onitis auf FishBase.org (englisch)
  2. Kurt Fiedler: Fische. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1991 (Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie. Band 2, Teil 2), S. 371, ISBN 3-334-00339-6 (auf Google Books)
  3. Tautog auf wikisource.org
  4. Tautog – Species Report auf safinacenter.org (PDF)
  5. Tautoga onitis in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten auf der Webseite der IUCN (englisch).
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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( германски )

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Tautoga onitis ist eine Fischart aus der Familie der Lippfische (Labridae), die im westlichen Atlantik, vor allem an der Ostküste der USA und Kanadas, vorkommt. Sie ernährt sich hauptsächlich von Miesmuscheln, Schnecken und Krebstieren.

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Tautog ( англиски )

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The tautog (Tautoga onitis), also known as the blackfish, is a species of wrasse native to the western Atlantic Ocean from Nova Scotia to South Carolina. This species inhabits hard substrate habitats in inshore waters at depths from 1 to 75 m (5 to 245 ft). It is currently the only known member of its genus.[2]

Barlett (1848) wrote, "[Tautaug] is a Native American word, and may be found in Roger Williams' Key to the Indian Language." The name is from the Narragansett language, originally tautauog (pl. of taut). It is also called a "black porgy" (cf. Japanese black porgy), "chub" (cf. the freshwater chub), "oyster-fish" (in North Carolina) or "blackfish" (in New York/New Jersey, New England).

Description

Tautog are brown and dark olive, with white blotches, and have plump, elongated bodies. They have a typical weight of 0.5 to 1.5 kg (1 to 3 lb) and reach a maximum length and weight of 90 cm (3 ft) and 13.1 kg (28 lb 14 oz), respectively.

Tautog have many adaptations to life in and around rocky areas. They have thick, rubbery lips and powerful jaws. The backs of their throats contain a set of teeth resembling molars. Together, these are used to pick and crush prey such as mollusks and crustaceans. Their skin also has a rubbery quality with a heavy slime covering, which helps to protect them when swimming among rocks.[3]

Cuisine

Goode (1884) said, "The tautog has always been a favorite table fish, especially in New York, its flesh being white, dry, and of a delicate flavor."[4]

Davidson recommends grilling, baking, and using it in fish chowder.[5]

Sports fishing

Popular among fishermen, tautog have a reputation for being a particularly tricky fish to catch. Part of this is because of their tendency to live among rocks and other structures that can cause a fisherman's line to get snagged. The favorite baits for tautog include green crabs, Asian shore crabs, fiddler crabs, clams, shrimp, mussels, sandworms, and lobsters. Tautog fishing may also be difficult due to the tendency of fishermen try to set the hook as soon as they feel a hit, rather than waiting for the tautog to swallow the bait. Rigs with minimal beads, swivels, and hooks should be used to prevent entanglement with the rocks, reefs, or wrecks that tautog frequent.

Because they are found in wrecks, they are often seen by scuba divers. They are also popular with spearfishermen.

Life cycle

An 1860 watercolor painting of a tautog from Massachusetts Bay by Jacques Burkhardt
An 1860 watercolor painting of a tautog from the Massachusetts Bay by Jacques Burkhardt

Spawning occurs offshore, in late spring to early summer. The eggs hatch and develop while drifting. All of the young take residence in shallow, protected waters and live and hide in seaweed, sea lettuce, or eelgrass beds for protection, and are green in color to camouflage themselves. During the late fall, they move offshore and winter in a state of reduced activity.

Management

Slow reproduction and growth make tautog more vulnerable to overfishing. The species is managed by focusing on reducing fishing mortality rates, as well as restrictions on gear, size limits, possession limits, and limited fishing seasons. At present, the Blue Ocean Institute recommends that consumers avoid eating this fish because the populations are at low levels that are not considered sustainable.[6]

Around 1920, 750 tons were harvested annually off the New England coast.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Choat, J.H.; Pollard, D. (2010). "Tautoga onitis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T187479A8547027. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187479A8547027.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Tautoga onitis" in FishBase. October 2013 version.
  3. ^ McClane, A.J., McClane's Field Guide to Saltwater Fishes of North America, 1978, ISBN 0-8050-0733-4
  4. ^ G. Brown Goode, et al., The Fisheries and Fishery Industries of the United States, 1884-7, quoted in Davidson, 1979.
  5. ^ Alan Davidson, North Atlantic Seafood, 1979, ISBN 0-670-51524-8.
  6. ^ "Tautog". Seafood Choices. Blue Ocean Institute. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
  7. ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Tautog" . Encyclopedia Americana.

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Tautog: Brief Summary ( англиски )

добавил wikipedia EN

The tautog (Tautoga onitis), also known as the blackfish, is a species of wrasse native to the western Atlantic Ocean from Nova Scotia to South Carolina. This species inhabits hard substrate habitats in inshore waters at depths from 1 to 75 m (5 to 245 ft). It is currently the only known member of its genus.

Barlett (1848) wrote, "[Tautaug] is a Native American word, and may be found in Roger Williams' Key to the Indian Language." The name is from the Narragansett language, originally tautauog (pl. of taut). It is also called a "black porgy" (cf. Japanese black porgy), "chub" (cf. the freshwater chub), "oyster-fish" (in North Carolina) or "blackfish" (in New York/New Jersey, New England).

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Tautoga onitis ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Tautoga onitis es una especie de peces de la familia Labridae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 91 cm de longitud total.[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde Halifax (Nueva Escocia, Canadá) hasta Carolina del Sur (Estados Unidos ).

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés)

Bibliografía

  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: . A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
  • Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Tautoga onitis es una especie de peces de la familia Labridae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Tautoga onitis ( баскиски )

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Tautoga onitis Tautoga generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Labridae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Tautoga onitis FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( баскиски )

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Tautoga onitis Tautoga generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Labridae familian sailkatzen da.

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Tautoga onitis ( италијански )

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Il tautog(Tautoga onitis) (Linnaeus, 1758), l'unica specie facente parte del genere Tautoga, è un pesce di acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Labridae[2].

Distribuzione e habitat

Proviene dall'ovest dell'oceano Atlantico, lungo le coste di Stati Uniti, Canada e Nuova Scozia[3]. Si trova soprattutto nel Golfo di San Lorenzo[2]. Vive sia su fondi scogliosi, dove stanno soprattutto gli esemplari adulti, che nelle acque salmastre degli estuari, dove, invece, si trovano più frequentemente gli esemplari giovani[1].

Descrizione

Presenta un corpo robusto, compresso lateralmente e con il profilo della testa abbastanza arrotondato. Gli occhi sono piccoli. Può raggiungere i 94 cm[1] e circa 11 kg di peso[3]. È un pesce longevo, che vive fino a 34 anni. Ha una colorazione assai poco appariscente, marrone chiara con aree irregolari più scure. Le pinne sono dello stesso colore del corpo, la pinna caudale non è biforcuta, mentre la pinna dorsale e la pinna anale non sono particolarmente basse. Le pinne pettorali sono ampie. Cresce molto lentamente.

Biologia

Comportamento

I maschi possono diventare territoriali da adulti, e vivono soprattutto in luoghi ricchi di rocce tra le quali nascondersi e dormire di notte[3]; i giovani preferiscono i luoghi con molta vegetazione acquatica. Nei mesi freddi questa specie migra verso acque più profonde di quelle che sono il suo habitat estivo[1].

Alimentazione

Ha una dieta carnivora, composta da varie specie di invertebrati acquatici tra cui i principali sono crostacei e molluschi sia bivalvi (soprattutto Mytilidae) che gasteropodi[4].

Riproduzione

È oviparo e la fecondazione è esterna. Non è noto se sia ermafrodita. Le femmine raggiungono la maturità sessuale a circa 3-4 anni di età[1]. Le uova vengono deposte sia a coppie che in gruppi con un maschio dominante tra giugno e luglio in Canada, e tra aprile e luglio sulle coste della Virginia[3], sempre dopo un lungo corteggiamento[5]. Le uova sono sferiche e pelagiche[6].

Conservazione

Questa specie viene spesso pescata per essere mangiata, infatti è considerata un alimento abbastanza pregiato ed è importante per la pesca sportiva[3]. È stata in passato oggetto di cattura intensiva, ma ora il prelievo viene regolamentato[1]. Viene classificata come "vulnerabile" (VU) dalla lista rossa IUCN.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f (EN) Choat, JH & Pollard, D, Tautoga onitis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ a b (EN) Tautoga onitis, in WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species).
  3. ^ a b c d e (EN) Tautoga onitis, su FishBase. URL consultato il 21 novembre 2013.
  4. ^ (EN) Food items reported for Tautoga onitis, su fishbase.org. URL consultato il 18 agosto 2014.
  5. ^ Reproduction of Tautoga onitis, su fishbase.org. URL consultato il 18 agosto 2014.
  6. ^ (EN) Egg Characteristics of Tautoga onitis, su fishbase.org. URL consultato il 18 agosto 2014.

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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( италијански )

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Il tautog(Tautoga onitis) (Linnaeus, 1758), l'unica specie facente parte del genere Tautoga, è un pesce di acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Labridae.

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Tautoga ( литвански )

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Tautoga (lot. Tautoga onitis, angl. Smooth blackfish) - lūpažuvinių (Labridae) šeimos žuvis.


Vikiteka

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Tautoga onitis ( холандски; фламански )

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Vissen

Tautoga onitis is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van lipvissen (Labridae) en behoort derhalve tot de orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 91 cm. De hoogst geregistreerde leeftijd is 34 jaar.

Leefomgeving

Tautoga onitis komt in zeewater en brak water voor. De vis prefereert een subtropisch klimaat en leeft hoofdzakelijk in de Atlantische Oceaan. De diepteverspreiding is 1 tot 75 m onder het wateroppervlak.

Relatie tot de mens

Tautoga onitis is voor de visserij van beperkt commercieel belang. In de hengelsport wordt er weinig op de vis gejaagd. De soort kan worden bezichtigd in sommige openbare aquaria.

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • Froese, R., D. Pauly. en redactie. 2005. FishBase. Elektronische publicatie. www.fishbase.org, versie 06/2005.
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Tautoga onitis: Brief Summary ( холандски; фламански )

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Tautoga onitis is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van lipvissen (Labridae) en behoort derhalve tot de orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 91 cm. De hoogst geregistreerde leeftijd is 34 jaar.

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Tautoga czarna ( полски )

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Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus, 1758) Tautoga czarna Systematyka Domena eukarionty Królestwo zwierzęta Typ strunowce Podtyp kręgowce Podgromada promieniopłetwe Rząd okoniokształtne Podrząd wargaczowce Rodzina wargaczowate Rodzaj Tautoga Gatunek tautoga czarna

Tautoga czarna (Tautoga onitis) – gatunek ryby z rodziny wargaczowatych, jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Tautoga Mitchill, 1814. Poławiana gospodarczo na niewielką skalę oraz w wędkarstwie.

Występowanie: zachodni Ocean Atlantycki wzdłuż wybrzeży Ameryki Północnej.

Opis

Osiąga do 91 cm długości i 11,3 kg wagi.

Linki zewnętrzne

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Tautoga czarna: Brief Summary ( полски )

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Tautoga czarna (Tautoga onitis) – gatunek ryby z rodziny wargaczowatych, jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Tautoga Mitchill, 1814. Poławiana gospodarczo na niewielką skalę oraz w wędkarstwie.

Występowanie: zachodni Ocean Atlantycki wzdłuż wybrzeży Ameryki Północnej.

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Tautog ( португалски )

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Conhecido como tautog, tautoga, bodião-do-norte, labro-americano ou bodião-canadense (Tautoga onitis), é uma espécie de bodião que habita águas subtropicais do norte do Atlântico Ocidental. [1] É a única espécie de bodião que pertence ao gênero Tautoga, durante a sua descoberta foi confundido com o gênero Labrus.[2]

Tautoga vem do plural da palavra taut, importada por Roger William da língua narragansett.

Descrição

O tautog é uma espécie de bodião que pode ser encontrado nas profundidades entre 1 - 75 m. Possui um corpo alongado com coloração marrom. O tautog pode ser frequentemente confundido com o Tautogolabrus adspersus, que ocorre no mesmo habitat.[1]

Biologia

Podendo ser encontrado habitando fundos rochosos marinhos, o tautog também pode chegar á habitar água salobra. O macho adulto é territorial e ativo durante o dia, quando está escurecendo, eles se escondem em fendas de rochas. Preferem temperaturas acima de 10 ° C. A desova foi observada em junho e julho nas águas canadenses.

Se alimentam de mexilhões, gastrópodes, outros moluscos e crustáceos.[1]

Distribuição

São encontrados no norte do Atlântico Ocidental, leste de Halifax na Nova Escócia, Canadá à Carolina do Sul nos EUA, mais abundante entre Cape Cod e a baía de Delaware.[3][4]

Referências

  1. a b c «Tautoga onitis, Tautog : fisheries, gamefish, aquarium». www.fishbase.se. Consultado em 16 de outubro de 2020
  2. «Synonyms of Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus, 1758)». www.fishbase.se. Consultado em 16 de outubro de 2020
  3. «Country List - Tautoga onitis». www.fishbase.se. Consultado em 16 de outubro de 2020
  4. «Occurrence Records». www.fishbase.se. Consultado em 16 de outubro de 2020
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Tautog: Brief Summary ( португалски )

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Conhecido como tautog, tautoga, bodião-do-norte, labro-americano ou bodião-canadense (Tautoga onitis), é uma espécie de bodião que habita águas subtropicais do norte do Atlântico Ocidental. É a única espécie de bodião que pertence ao gênero Tautoga, durante a sua descoberta foi confundido com o gênero Labrus.

Tautoga vem do plural da palavra taut, importada por Roger William da língua narragansett.

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裸首梳唇隆頭魚 ( кинески )

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二名法 Tautoga onitis
Linnaeus, 1758

裸首梳唇隆頭魚,為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目隆頭魚亞目隆頭魚科的其中一,被IUCN列為易危保育類動物,分布於西大西洋區,從加拿大新斯科細亞省美國南卡羅來納州海域,棲息深度1-75公尺,體長可達91公分,棲息在沿海岩石海域,雄魚具領域性,屬肉食性,以貝類腹足類甲殼類等為食,生活習性不明,可作為食用魚及觀賞魚。

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裸首梳唇隆頭魚: Brief Summary ( кинески )

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裸首梳唇隆頭魚,為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目隆頭魚亞目隆頭魚科的其中一,被IUCN列為易危保育類動物,分布於西大西洋區,從加拿大新斯科細亞省美國南卡羅來納州海域,棲息深度1-75公尺,體長可達91公分,棲息在沿海岩石海域,雄魚具領域性,屬肉食性,以貝類腹足類甲殼類等為食,生活習性不明,可作為食用魚及觀賞魚。

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Diet ( англиски )

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Feeds mainly on mussels, gastropods, other molluscs and crustaceans

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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)

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Distribution ( англиски )

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Bay of Fundy to South Carolina, most abundant between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay

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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)

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Habitat ( англиски )

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Found close to shore to depths of 75 m over hard bottoms, occasionally enters brackish waters.

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Habitat ( англиски )

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benthic

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