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Slo.: poprhnjena livka - Habitat: pastures among scattered trees, south oriented mountain slope, warm place, partly in shade, calcareous ground, shallow soil layer, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 615 m (2.020 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil under Ostrya carpinifolia. - Comments: Growing in large groups, many species > 50, pileus diameter up to 12 cm, stipe up to 7 cm tall, stipe diameter up to 3 cm; taste mild mushroomy at the beginning then slightly unpleasant, smell faint mushroomy; flesh brittle, SP abundant whitish-beige; gills easily separable from pileus trama. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.4 (SD = 0.7) x 4.0 (SD = 0.3) μ, Q = 1.84 (SD = 0.16), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva Celovec, 2002, p 216 (2) R.M.Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 210 (3) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), pp 159.
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Slo.: poprhnjena livka - Habitat: pastures among scattered trees, south oriented mountain slope, warm place, partly in shade, calcareous ground, shallow soil layer, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 615 m (2.020 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil under Ostrya carpinifolia. - Comments: Growing in large groups, many species > 50, pileus diameter up to 12 cm, stipe up to 7 cm tall, stipe diameter up to 3 cm; taste mild mushroomy at the beginning then slightly unpleasant, smell faint mushroomy; flesh brittle, SP abundant whitish-beige; gills easily separable from pileus trama. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.4 (SD = 0.7) x 4.0 (SD = 0.3) μ, Q = 1.84 (SD = 0.16), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva Celovec, 2002, p 216 (2) R.M.Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 210 (3) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), pp 159.
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2001 California Academy of Sciences
CalPhotos
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material.Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint.Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si(2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: podvihana kolesnica - syn.: Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Qul., Lepista flaccida (Sowerby) Pat., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva (Fr.) Kumm., Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat., Lepista gilva (Pers.) Pat., Paralepista gilva (Pers.) Raithelh., Omphalia flaccida (Sowerby) Qul., Omphalia inversa (Scop.) Qul. - Habitat: Old, calcareous alluvial terrace, mixed wood, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia dominant trees; under large Picea abies canopies (total shade, no ground vegetation, protected from direct rain) but also on grassy wood edge (half open, partly sunny place, exposed to direct rain); locally flat terrain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 415 m (1.360 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil, rotten needles and other plant material. Comments: Paralepista flaccida is a common, very variable (look at the list of synonyms!) yet relatively easy to recognize fungus by its foxy-red-brown (when wet) to orange-ocher (when dry) color and by its fleshy, waxy appearance. It shares typical Lepista species habit but it is somewhat smaller than more frequent and better known Lepista nuda or Lepista nebularis. Gills are easy to separate from trama as in most Lepista species. The fungus was separate from Lepista genus and put into Paralepista genus only in the year 2012 based on DNA evidence. Before that various genus and species names had been used and long, long debates about its taxonomy took place. Growing in groups, many fruit bodies found; pileus diameter 2.8 - 6 cm; smell pleasant, partly mushroomy partly mealy; flesh watery, brittle; SP white with a slight orange-pink tint. Spores somewhat warty, subglobose. Dimensions: (4) 4.1 - 4.7 (5.1) x (3.2) 3.7 - 4.3 (4.5) microns; Q = 1 - 1.2 (1.3); N = 40; Me = 4.5 x 4 microns ; Qe = 1.1. Olympus Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material;. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Ror, gobenabovskem.si (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 212. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 289. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 142.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'.This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores.Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white.Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145.(2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186.(3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330.(4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568.(6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'. This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores. Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145. (2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330. (4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'. This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores. Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145. (2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330. (4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'. This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores. Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145. (2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330. (4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'. This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores. Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145. (2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330. (4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.
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Slo.: golobija kolobarnica - syn.: Tricholoma album ss. Kuhner & Romagnesi 1953, Gyrophila lasciva (Fr.) Qul. - Habitat: slightly inside light, mixed, unmaintained forest edge with many shrubs; Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Prunus spinosa, Rubus sp. etc. present; near a small water stream; flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock with some limestone; humid place, mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: There exist four whitish species with similar habit in the genus Tricholoma: Tricholoma album, Tricholoma columbetta, Tricholoma inamoenum and Tricholoma lascivum. Also nomenclature history of these species is 'difficult'. Hence confusion and misidentifications are frequent. From this reason some experts consider published distribution ranges of these species as questionable. MycoBank (Ref.7) states: 'Real distribution poorly known because of the taxonomic confusion with similar species'. This find was at first (based on habit) recognized as Tricholoma inamoenum. However, measured spore dimensions were much too small. Their dimensions and particularly narrow spores (Q exceeding 1.6) speaks in favor of Tricholoma lascivum. Also other macro traits and habitat seems to fit reasonably well to this determination. On the other hand, Tricholoma album is a symbiont with Betula or Quercus, which were not present in the vicinity. Tricholoma columbetta is practically without odor (Ref. 2 and 3) while the find had strong, unpleasant smell on gas or chemistry. Tricholoma album and Tricholoma columbetta also have somewhat smaller spores, while, Tricholoma inamoenum has significantly larger spores. Description: Several fruitbodies present, some clustered; pilei diameter up to 3 - 7(8) cm; smell strong, unpleasant, on gas or some chemistry; taste not tested; SP abundant, white. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6) 6,3 - 7,6 (8) x (3,5) 3,8 - 4,5 (4,8) microns; Q = (1,4) 1,5 - 1,9 (2,1); N = 35; Me = 6,9 x 4,1 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) C. Bas, Th.W.Kuyper, M.E. Nordeloos, E.C. Vellinga (eds.), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica, A.A. Balkema, Vol.4. (1999), p 145. (2) M.Christensen, J. Heilmann-Clausen, The genus Tricholoma, Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol.4. (2013), p 186. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 330. (4) https://www.myko.cz/myko-atlas/Tricholoma-lascivum/ (accessed Nov. 4. 2017) (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 568. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 154.