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Myoxocephalus scorpius (Linnaeus 1758)

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Escorpí de mar d'espines curtes ( catalan ; valencien )

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Escorpí de mar pescat al Bàltic.
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Escorpí de mar d'espines curtes
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Exemplar als Països Baixos

L'escorpí de mar d'espines curtes (Myoxocephalus scorpius) és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels còtids.[5]

Descripció

  • Fa 60 cm de llargària màxima (normalment, en fa 24)
  • Nombre de vèrtebres: 34-39.
  • Aleta caudal arrodonida.
  • Aletes ventrals en forma de ventall.
  • És marró verdós per damunt i, sovint, amb taques fosques i punts brillants de color blanc lletós per sobre de les aletes pectorals. Els mascles són de color vermell cirera a la part inferior i les femelles carabassa clar amb taques blanques.
  • Les aletes tenen franges fosques.[6][7][8]

Alimentació

Menja peixos i crustacis grossos, i, de tant en tant, poliquets i amfípodes.[9][10][11]

Depredadors

És depredat pel bacallà (Gadus morhua) (a Escòcia), el bec de serra gros (Mergus merganser) (a Noruega), el corb marí emplomallat (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) (a Noruega), la foca comuna (Phoca vitulina), Raja eglanteria (als Estats Units) i el dofí mular (Tursiops truncatus) (a Escòcia).[12][13][14][15][16][17]

Hàbitat

És un peix marí, demersal i de clima polar (80°N-40°N, 95°W-60°E) que viu entre 0-451 m de fondària.[6][18]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a l'Atlàntic oriental (des del sud-est de Groenlàndia, l'illa de Jan Mayen i Islàndia fins a les illes Britàniques, la mar Cantàbrica, el mar del Nord, la mar Bàltica, el sud del mar de Barentsz, la mar Blanca i Spitsbergen), l'Atlàntic occidental (des de la badia de James -el Canadà- fins a Nova York) i l'Oceà Àrtic.[6][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]

Costums

És bentònic.[48]

Observacions

És inofensiu per als humans.[6]

Referències

  1. ↑ Tilesius W. G. von, 1811. Piscium Camtschaticorum descriptiones et icones. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. v. 3. 225-285.
  2. ↑ uBio (anglès)
  3. ↑ Linnaeus, C., 1758. Tomus I. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae. (Laurentii Salvii): (1-4), 1-824. «Enllaç».
  4. ↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  5. ↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 FishBase (anglès)
  7. ↑ Nielsen, J.G. i E. Bertelsen, 1992. Fisk i grønlandske farvande. Atuakkiorfik, Nuuk. 65 s.
  8. ↑ Fedorov, V.V., 1986. Cottidae. p. 1243-1260. A: P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París. Vol. 3.
  9. ↑ Fedorov, V.V., 1986. Cottidae. p. 1243-1260.
  10. ↑ Cardinale, M., 2000. Ontogenetic diet shifts of bull-rout, Myxocephalus scorpius (L.), in the south-western Baltic Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 16:231-239.
  11. ↑ Ebeling, E. i S. Alshuth, 1989. Food preferences and diseases of Myoxocephalus scorpius in the German bight. p. 1-6. ICES, C.M. 1989/G:48, demersal Fish Committee, Ref. MEQC.
  12. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  13. ↑ Barrett, R.T., 1991. Shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis L.) as potential samplers of juvenile saithe (Pollachius virens (L.)) stocks in northern Norway. Sarsia 76:153-156.
  14. ↑ Hall, A.J., J. Watkins i P.S. Hammond, 1998. Seasonal variation in the diet of harbour seals in the south-western North Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 170:269-281.
  15. ↑ Hanson, J.M. i M. Lanteigne, 2000. Evaluation of atlantic cod predation on American lobster in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, with comments on other potential fish predators. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 129(1):13-29.
  16. ↑ Santos, M.B., G.J. Pierce, R.J.I.A.P. Patterson, H.M. Ross i E. Mente, 2001. Stomach contents of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Scottish waters. J. Mar. Ass. U.K. 81:873-878.
  17. ↑ Svenning, M.-A., S.E. Fagermo, R.T. Barretts, R. Borgstrøm, W. Vaders, T. Pedersen i S. Sandring, 2005. Goosander predation and its potential impact on Atlantic salmon smolts in the River Tana estuary, northern Norway. J. Fish Biol. 66(4):924-937.
  18. ↑ Parin, N.V., V.V. Fedorov i B.A. Sheiko, 2002. An annotated catalogue of fish-like vertebrates and fishes of the seas of Russia and adjacent countries: Part 2. Order Scorpaeniformes. J. Ichthyol. 42(Suppl.1):S60-S135.
  19. ↑ Robins, C.R. i G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 354 p.
  20. ↑ Andriyashev, A.P. i N.V. Chernova, 1995. Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123.
  21. ↑ Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman i N.S. Jones, 1963. Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Memoir Núm. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool.
  22. ↑ Coad, B.W., 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapur.
  23. ↑ Coull, K.A., A.S. Jermyn, A.W. Newton, G.I. Henderson i W.B. Hall, 1989. Length/weight relationships for 88 species of fish encountered in the North Atlantic. Scottish Fish. Res. Rep. (43):80 p.
  24. ↑ Craig, P.C., 1984. Fish use of coastal waters of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea: a review. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 113(3):265-282.
  25. ↑ Dolgov, A.V., 2000. New data on composition and distribution of the Barents Sea ichthyofauna. ICES CM2000/Mini:12, 12p.
  26. ↑ Dunbar, M.J. i H.H. Hildebrand, 1952. Contribution to the study of fishes of Ungava Bay. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 9(2):83-128.
  27. ↑ Jonsson, G., 1992. Islenskir fiskar. Fiolvi, Reykjavik, Islàndia. 568 pp.
  28. ↑ Laroche, J.L., 1982. Trophic patterns among larvae of five species of sculpins (Family: Cottidae) in a Maine estuary. Fish. Bull. 80(4):827-840.
  29. ↑ Lazzari, M.A., 2001. Dynamics of larval fish abundance in Penobscot Bay, Maine. Fish. Bull. 99(1):81-93.
  30. ↑ Louisy, P., 2001. Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. París: Eds. Eugène Ulmer.
  31. ↑ McAllister, D.E., 1964. Fish Collections from eastern Hudson bay. Can. Field-Nat. 78:167-178.
  32. ↑ Mecklenburg, C.W., T.A. Mecklenburg i L.K. Thorsteinson, 2002. Fishes of Alaska. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. xxxvii +1037 p.
  33. ↑ Minchin, D., 1987. Fishes of the Lough Hyne marine reserve. J. Fish Biol. 31:343-352.
  34. ↑ Moring, J.R., 1990. Seasonal absence of fishes in tidepools of a boreal environment (Maine, USA). Hydrobiologia 194(2):163-168.
  35. ↑ Muus, B.J. i J.G. Nielsen, 1999. Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Dinamarca. 340 p.
  36. ↑ Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  37. ↑ Neyelov, A.V., 1979. Cottidae. p. 593-602. A: J. C. Hureau i Th. Monod (eds.). Checklist of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, París, Vol. 1.
  38. ↑ Nijssen, H. i S.J. de Groot, 1974. Catalogue of fish species of the Netherlands. Beaufortia 21(285):173-207.
  39. ↑ Ojaveer, E. i E. Pihu, 2003. Estonian natural fish waters. p. 15-27. A: E. Ojaveer, E. Pihu i T. Saat (eds.) Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn.
  40. ↑ Ojaveer, E., E. Pihu i T. Saat, 2003. Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn. 416 p.
  41. ↑ Quast, J.C. i E.L. Hall, 1972. List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-658, 47 p.
  42. ↑ Rogers, S.I. i R.S. Millner, 1996. Factors affecting the annual abundance and regional distribution of English inshore demersal fish populations: 1973 to 1995. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 53:1094-1112.
  43. ↑ Scott, W.B. i M.G. Scott, 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p.
  44. ↑ Sparholt, H., 1990. An estimate of the total biomass of fish in the North Sea. J. Cons. 46:200-210.
  45. ↑ Thorman, S., 1986. Physical factors affecting the abundance and species richness of fishes in the shallow waters of the southern Bothnian Sea (Sweden). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 22:357-369.
  46. ↑ Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(1):1-37.
  47. ↑ Zimmermann, C., 1997. On the ecology of Arctic and Antarctic fish: activity, sensory capabilities. Ber. Polarforsch. 231:237.
  48. ↑ Coad, B.W. i J.D. Reist, 2004. Annotated list of the arctic marine fishes of Canada. Can. MS Rep. Fish Aquat. Sci. 2674:iv:+112 p.


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Atkinson, E.G. i J.A. Percy, 1992. Diet comparison among demersal marine fish from the Canadian Arctic. Polar Biol. 11:567-573.
  • Bounhiol, J.P., 1905. Experimental studies in aquatic respiration. Respiration of fish. Bull. Sci. France Belg. 39:277-305.
  • Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels i M.D. Grosslein, 2000. Food of northwest Atlantic fishes and two common species of squid. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-NE 155, 138 p.
  • Christiansen, J.S., S.E. Fevolden, O.V. Karamushlo i L.I. Karamushko, 1997. Reproductive traits of marine fish in relation to their mode of oviposition and zoogeographic distribution. ICES CM 1997/CC. 14 p.
  • Froese, R. i C. Papasissi, 1990. The use of modern relational databases for identification of fish larvae. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 6:37-45.
  • Gibbons, S., 1999. Collect fish on stamps. Stanley Gibbons Ltd., Londres i Ringwood. 418 p.
  • Gibson, R.N. i L. Robb, 1996. Piscine predation on juvenile fishes on a Scottish sandy beach. J. Fish Biol. 49 :120-138.
  • McAllister, D.E., V. Legendre i J.G. Hunter, 1987. Liste de noms inuktitut (esquimaux), français, anglais et scientifiques des poissons marins du Canada arctique. Rapp. Manus. Can. Sci. Halieut. Aquat, 1932,106 p.
  • Pauly, D., 1978. A preliminary compilation of fish length growth parameters. Ber. Inst. Meereskd. Christian-Albrechts-Univ. Kiel (55):1-200.
  • Pauly, D., 1980. On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 39(2):175-192.
  • Perlmutter, A., 1961. Guide to marine fishes. Bramhall House, Nova York. 431 p.
  • Ricker, W.E., 1973. Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
  • Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980. Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3): 1-38.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.


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Escorpí de mar d'espines curtes: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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L'escorpí de mar d'espines curtes (Myoxocephalus scorpius) és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels còtids.

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