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[syn. Santalum freycinetianum var. freycinetianum]Iliahi or Forest sandalwoodSantalaceaeEndemic to the Hawaiian Islands (Oahu only)Aiea Loop Trail, OahuThe Hawaiian name lau ala literally means "sweet wood" or "fragrant wood." Though early Hawaiians may not have used iliahi wood extensively, it was still valued. Besides used as firewood, the light yellow wood was sometimes used to make kk or musical bow.Medicinally, the leaves were used as a shampoo for dandruff and head lice; and a drink from powdered material for male and female sex organs or "for sores of long duration."The fragrant heartwood and bark of iliahi was pounded to scent the smell of new kapa (tapa), and when added with coconut oil the would water proof the material.One older source (Charles Gaudichaud,1819) states that Hawaiians "used all fragrant plants, all flowers and even colored fruits" for lei making. The red or yellow were indicative of divine and chiefly rank; the purple flowers and fruit, or with fragrance, were associated with divinity. Because of their long-standing place in oral tradition, the leaves, new leaves (liko) and flowers of iliahi were likely used for lei making by early Hawaiians, even though there are no written sources.NPH00006
nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Santalum_freycinetianum
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An interesting, widespread, semi-parasitic native species (this is not the invasive/weedy toadflax) with an unfortunate common name. It doesn't have any special species preferences in terms of what roots it attaches itself to.Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. var. pallida (A. DC.) M.E. Jones has also been recognized as a subspecies rather than as a variety, i.e., Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. subsp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl. The tepals in this family can form a fleshy cup as above. Despite having seen this taxon in flower a number of times before, this is the only time that I can recall seeing it in flower as shown above.June 7, 2009, Salt Lake County, Utah foothills, near top of northwestern facing, exposed, steep slope, at about 4,865 ft.
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Family: ViscaceaeDistribution: A leaf less ,dichotomously branched parasite on trees like Albizia, Manilkara and Acasia plants. It is a commonly found in forests of tropical South Asia.A stem parasite growing on trees; internodes angular, leaves reduced to small scles, flowers small, monoecious, fascicled in triads in the axils of leaves or at nodes, stamens as many as perianth lobes and adnate to them, ovary 1 celled, inferior, fruit a berry.Pase of the plant is applied to wounds.
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July 18, 2012, Rose Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona
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A local said the rosette becomes the local "matapolo" that kill orange trees. Sprouts or seedlings. It's unclear from the photo whether the fruit emerged from the stem or whether a frugivore left the seeds on a branch.
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Found growing on a legume (probably Prosopis). Feb 12, 2010. Sabino Creek, Arizona.
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Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Jilpanger, Vic.
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New South Wales, Australia
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Thesium bavarum Schrank, syn.: Thesium montanum Ehrh. ex Hoffm., Thesium linophyllon subsp. montanum (Schrad.) Celak.no name, DE: Berg-Leinblatt, Bayrisches Vermeinkraut, Bayrisches Leinblatt, Bayrischer BergflachsSlo.: bavarska lanikaDat.: June 24. 2017Lat.: 46.35879 Long.: 13.70534Code: Bot_1067/2017_DSC7993Habitat: mountain slope, southeast aspect; next to river bank; light wood and bushes; among tall herbs; calcareous, colluvial, skeletal ground; mostly in shade, dry place; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-9 deg C, elevation 535 m (1.750 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa between the road an river, downstream of Otokar farm house, Trenta 4, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Genus Thesium is large and spread on all continents except North America and Australia. The richest with species is South Africa. In Slovenia seven species can be found. Thesium bavarum is the tallest among them. It parasitize on roots of surrounding plants. In spite of its size it is probably frequently overlooked since it usually grows among other tall herbs and has very small, only a few mm large, flowers. Not really a photogenic plant and quite difficult for photography. This is partly due to its slender stalks, which swing here and there already in the slightest breeze and also due to the fact that all plant's details are miniature. The plant is endangered and protected in several countries (for. example in parts of Germany and in Hungary).Ref.:(1) Identification confirmed by dr. Igor Dakskobler, The Jovan Hadi Institute, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 386.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 360. (4) K.Lauber and G.Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 588.(5) H.Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 1846.(6) W.Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, Niedere Pflanzen, Band 1, 3.Aufl., Spectrum Akademischer Verlag (2005), p 383.
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Tasmania, Australia
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Texas, United States
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Borja: Aragn (Espaa)Sobre un almendro (Amygdalus communis)Familia: VISCACEAE (LORANTHACEAE).Distribucin: Se distribuye por Europa, C y S de Asia y N de frica, siendo frecuente en el tercio N de la Pennsula Ibrica, espordica en el C y S, faltando en el cuadrante SW. En Aragn aparece fundamentalmente en el Preprineo occidental (Valle de Hecho, Sos del Rey Catlico, Bailo) y puntos aislados en el extremo occidental de Depresin del Ebro (Novallas, Borja). Aparece una referencia antigua para Alcaiz, que no ha vuelto a ser encontrada.Hbitat: Parasita diversas dicotiledneas, habiendose encontrado en Aragn sobre almendros ( Amygdalus communis ), tilos ( Tilia platyphyllos ), majuelos ( Crataegus monogyna ), escambrones ( Rhamnus lycioides ), etc.Rango altitudinal:400- 700 mFloracin: ( Enero ) Marzo - AbrilFructificacin: Enero - DiciembreForma Biolgica: EpfitoExtractado del Atlas de la Flora de Aragn (Herbario de Jaca)
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Clayton, California, United States
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Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Commonly called "Spiral Plant" due to the spiralling flowers on the ends of the plant stalks. Photo 24 Aug 2004
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Plana de Zaragoza.Sobre un pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis)Familia: VISCACEAE (LORANTHACEAE).Distribucin: Se distribuye por el C y S de Europa, N de frica y Asia Menor. En la Pennsula Ibrica aparece por el C y E del territorio. En Aragn se encuentra dispersa en el Pirineo, Depresin del Ebro y zonas de montaa del Sistema Ibrico (Gdar-Maestrazgo, Javalambre, Albarracn y Puertos de Beceite).bitat: Sobre pinares de Pinus sylvestris , P. nigra , P. halepensis y P. pinaster fundamentalmente, a los que parasita.Rango altitudinal: 90- 1900 mFloracin: ( Septiembre ) Marzo - MayoFructificacin: Enero - DiciembreForma Biolgica: EpfitoExtractado del Atlas de la Flora de Aragn (Herbario de Jaca)