Dysteriida

Ventral infraciliature of Trochilia minuta (ROUX,1899) KAHL,1931. Collected from stagnant organically enriched water at the edge of a freshwater stream near Boise, Idaho. May 2007. Stained by the silver carbonate technique (Foissner,W. Europ. J. Protistol.27:313-330;1991).Brightfield.

Ventral view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush (visible at the shallow notch in this view.Several right somatic kineties are visible here.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata (the anterior ends of which are seen here). There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite seen end-on here.Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle, Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122° 23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Dorsal view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata. There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite. Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle washingto 47°35'41.87" N;122° 23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Dorsal view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata. There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite. There are two contractile vacuoles one of which is visible here.The macronucleus is hetereomerous.Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle, Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122° 23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Lateral view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata. There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite(seen well here to viewer's left). Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle,Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122° 23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Ventral view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush.Several right somatic kineties are visible here.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata (the anterior ends of which are seen here). There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite (seen here).Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle,Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122°23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Ventral view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush. Several right somatic kineties are visible here.The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata (seen here). There is a prominent posteroventral adhesive podite (seen here).Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle,Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122°23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Ventral view of the small marine dysteriid ciliate, Trochilia sigmoides (Dujardin,1841).This is the type species for the genus, Trochilia.The cell outline is ovoid. The dorsum is arched with deep S-shaped grooves.The ventral surface is flat. Ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface except for a small left anterior dorsal brush. The right somatic kineties are visible here (arrow).The ventral cytostome is supported by two stout nematodesmata (large arrowhead). Two short left kineties are seen just to the left and anterior to the cytostome (small arrowhead).Collected from tide pools at Alkai Beach,Seattle,Washington 47°35'41.87" N;122°23'17.57" W.January 2006.DIC.

Ventral surface of the dysterine ciliate Orthotrochilia pilula (Deroux, 1976) Song, 2003. The cell is an elongate ellipse in outline. The anterior and posterior ends are broadly rounded. The dorsal surface is arched and the ventral surface flattened. The colorless pellicle is somewhat flexible. The anterior cytostome is inconspicuous and the fine supporting cytopharyngeal rods are seldom visible in vivo even with DIC. The somatic ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface. The two rightmost kineties arch around the cytostome reaching the left anterior side. A small kinetal fragment occupies the left anterior projection of the cell (cilia of this fragment are seen in this image). There are seven postoral kineties, which progressively shorten from right to left. There are two short oblique perioral kineties anterior to and on either side of the cytostome. There is a small posterior podite just to the left of the posterior termination of the right somatic kineties. The podite is often difficult to visualize in vivo. There are two contractile vacuoles just to the right of the midline. There is an ellipsoid heteromerous macronucleus in the midbody. Orthotrochilia pilula is the only species of this genus found in freshwater to date. O. pilula has also been found in a marine habitat providing the basis for reestablishment of the genus by Song (Song, W. Hydrobiologia 499:169-177,2003). Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho January, 2005. DIC.

Ventral surface of the dysterine ciliate Orthotrochilia pilula (Deroux, 1976) Song, 2003. The cell is an elongate ellipse in outline. The anterior and posterior ends are broadly rounded. The dorsal surface is arched and the ventral surface flattened. The colorless pellicle is somewhat flexible. The anterior cytostome is inconspicuous and the fine supporting cytopharyngeal rods are seldom visible in vivo even with DIC. The somatic ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface. The two rightmost kineties arch around the cytostome reaching the left anterior side. A small kinetal fragment occupies the left anterior projection of the cell (cilia of this fragment are seen in this image). There are seven postoral kineties, which progressively shorten from right to left. There are two short oblique perioral kineties anterior to and on either side of the cytostome. There is a small posterior podite just to the left of the posterior termination of the right somatic kineties. The podite is often difficult to visualize in vivo. There are two contractile vacuoles just to the right of the midline. There is an ellipsoid heteromerous macronucleus in the midbody. Orthotrochilia pilula is the only species of this genus found in freshwater to date. O. pilula has also been found in a marine habitat providing the basis for reestablishment of the genus by Song (Song, W. Hydrobiologia 499:169-177,2003). Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho January, 2005. DIC.

Ventral surface of the dysterine ciliate Orthotrochilia pilula (Deroux, 1976) Song, 2003. The cell is an elongate ellipse in outline. The anterior and posterior ends are broadly rounded. The dorsal surface is arched and the ventral surface flattened. The colorless pellicle is somewhat flexible. The anterior cytostome is inconspicuous and the fine supporting cytopharyngeal rods are seldom visible in vivo even with DIC. The somatic ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface. The two rightmost kineties arch around the cytostome reaching the left anterior side. A small kinetal fragment occupies the left anterior projection of the cell (cilia of this fragment are seen in this image). There are seven postoral kineties, which progressively shorten from right to left. There are two short oblique perioral kineties anterior to and on either side of the cytostome. There is a small posterior podite just to the left of the posterior termination of the right somatic kineties. The podite is often difficult to visualize in vivo. There are two contractile vacuoles just to the right of the midline. There is an ellipsoid heteromerous macronucleus in the midbody. Orthotrochilia pilula is the only species of this genus found in freshwater to date. O. pilula has also been found in a marine habitat providing the basis for reestablishment of the genus by Song (Song, W. Hydrobiologia 499:169-177,2003). Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho January, 2005. DIC.

Lateral view of the dysterine ciliate Orthotrochilia pilula (Deroux, 1976) Song, 2003. The cell is an elongate ellipse in outline. The anterior and posterior ends are broadly rounded. The dorsal surface is arched and the ventral surface flattened. The colorless pellicle is somewhat flexible. The anterior cytostome is inconspicuous and the fine supporting cytopharyngeal rods are seldom visible in vivo even with DIC. The somatic ciliature is restricted to the ventral surface. The two rightmost kineties arch around the cytostome reaching the left anterior side. A small kinetal fragment occupies the left anterior projection of the cell (cilia of this fragment are seen in this image). There are seven postoral kineties, which progressively shorten from right to left. There are two short oblique perioral kineties anterior to and on either side of the cytostome. There is a small posterior podite just to the left of the posterior termination of the right somatic kineties. The podite is often difficult to visualize in vivo. There are two contractile vacuoles just to the right of the midline. There is an ellipsoid heteromerous macronucleus in the midbody. Orthotrochilia pilula is the only species of this genus found in freshwater to date. O. pilula has also been found in a marine habitat providing the basis for reestablishment of the genus by Song (Song, W. Hydrobiologia 499:169-177,2003). Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho January, 2005. DIC.