Pseudis cardosoi Kwet 2000

Diagnosis A medium sized species of Pseudis with paired vocal sac in males. This distinguishes it from P. paradoxus which has a single vocal sac and a larger body size. The new species differs from P. minutus by having a more robust body, metatarsal articulation not reaching tip of snout when hindlimb adpressed to body (articulation reaching beyond tip of snout in P. minutus), a rounded snout (truncate in P. minutus), bulbous and robust fingers with thumb considerably widened at base (more slender in P. minutus), and by absence of noticeably dilated tips of toes (dilated in P. minutus).

Occurs in the southern regions of the Serra Geral. It is known from several localities in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, for example from the Municipalities of Canela, Gramado, São Francisco de Paula, Cambará do Sul, Bom Jesus and Vacaria. Based in specimens of MZUSP it occurs in the neighbouring State of Santa Catarina.

Herbácea

Perene

Estolões

Description of holotypeAdult male, Body robust. Head broad, slightly flattened, approximately as long as wide. Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views, upper jaw protruding in profile. Eye to nostril distance about equal the distance from nostril to tip of snout. Nostrils very scarcely protuberant, directed dorsally; distance from nostril to tip of snout as wide as internarial distance. Loreal region gently sloping. Canthus rostralis indistinct, rounded.Eyes large, slightly projecting; interorbital region flat, wider than internarial distance. Tympanum distinct, round, its diameter sligthly smaller than eye diameter; supratympanic fold very weak. Vomerine teeth in two short, rounded, well-separated patches between the choanae; choanae small and widely separated; tongue large, cordiform. Vocal sac of males paired, conspicuous as wrinkled, dark areas in the lateral gular region. Forearms robust; upperarms short and more slender. Fingers robust, bulbous at base, without webbing; tips of fingers not attened or expanded. Relative lengths of fingers 2 < 1 = 4 < 3. Thumb considerably widened at base. Metacarpal tubercles extremely reduced; subarticular tubercles small, conical, and raised, very distinct on thumb. Hindlimbs robust, short; when adpressed to body, metatarsal articulation not reaching tip of snout. Toes extensively webbed; web reaching the base of the tips of toes; tips of toes not dilated. Relative lengths of toes 1 < 2 < 5 < 3 < 4. Inner metatarsal tubercle sharp, spurlike, elliptical; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles small, conical and raised; tarsal fold present. Skin on dorsum and hindlimbs closely, coarsely granulated; longitudinal rows of tubercles on upper surface of thigh, tibia and tarsus; skin on head and venter smooth. Coloration of holotype in preservative: Dorsum dark gray to olive-gray, with irregularly formed, blackish blotches. Dorsal surface of limbs with coloration like dorsum; dark blotches on each forelimb, thigh, tibia, and foot. Dark line from tip of snout across nostril to eye. Ventral surface white, scarcely dotted on venter. Ventral design of thigh with one distinct dark longitudinal line, and three or four weaker, interrupted stripes. Coloration in life and variation: Dorsal surface of body and limbs light to dark green, olive, or brownish, usually with some darker spots or blotches of irregular form. Dorsum without light middorsal line. Black or dark green stripe along canthus rostralis narrow, in some specimens broad and blotlike. Tympanum olive, tan or light brown. Coloration around anal region and at lateral surface of head, body and thigh light yellow. Ventral surface white, on venter usually scattered with dark brown dots. Ventral surface of thigh with several dark brown longitudinal lines, varying in number, form, and extension. First line at the level of vent opening usually indistinct, due to the dark dorsal surface. Second line below cloaca most conspicious, broad and extended, the third one incomplete and interrupted. The remaining two or three lines very irregular and much fainter. In some specimens the lines are partially confluent, forming a net-like pattern. Variation in measurements of males (n= 22) and females (n=15) with range (mean±standard desviation): Snout-vent length 36.3-45.9 (42.20±2.580) 45.4-55.9 (51.09±2.763) ; head length 12.7-16.3 (14.71±0.937) 14.9-20.1 (17.85±1.363); head width 12.3-16.8 (14.87±1.025) 16.0-18.9 (17.39±0,789); tympanum diameter 3.2-4.4 (3.68±0.325) 3.5-5.3 (4.41±0,431); eye diameter 3.4-4.6 (3.68±0,325) 4.0-5.6 (4.63±0.456); eyelid length 4.7-6.0 (5.45±0,354) 4.9-6.6 (5.57±0.478); eyelid width 2.2-3.4 (2.92±0.265) 2.5-3.8 (3.07±0.335); eye-nostril distance 2.1-3.2 (2.72±0.309) 2.1-3.3 (2.96±0.300); nostril-snout distance 2.3-3.7 (2.89±0.306) 3.0-4.0 (3.36±0.346); internarial distance 2.0-2.9 (2.44±0,220) 2.0-3.2 (2.59±0.313); thigh length 20.3-26.5 (24.22±1.600) 26.1-30.6 (28.27±1.455); tibia length 18.6-24.7 (21.42±1.643) 23.4-26.9 (24.59±0.816); foot length 18.5-24.2 (21.82±1.633) 23.9-28.6 (25.45±1.232); hand length 10.6-14.6 (12.72±1.029) 14.4-16.6 (15.41±0.607); thumb width 2.5-3.3 (2.89±0.232) 2.7-3.4 (2.97±0.232). Larval morphology Tadpole description. SMNS 9235-37, larvae in developmental stages 34-37 (Gosner, 1960). Typical pond tadpole, suspension feeder. Total length between 79 and 87 mm (n = 3). Body proportions in per cent of total length: body length 0.34-0.39; body width 0.19-0.21; body heigth 0.23-0.24. Body ovoid in dorsal and lateral views; widest at midbody, highest at posterior half of body. Eyes lateral, medium sized. Nostrils small, dorsolateral, nearer to snout than to eyes (fronto-nasal distanceaso-ocular distance 0.7-0.8). Snout broadly rounded in dorsal and lateral views. Mouth small, terminal; multiple rows of well-developed marginal papillae, dorsally interrupted by a wide gap, being 50-60%of width of oral disc. Labial tooth row formula 2(2)/3(1).Median gap in first tooth row of posterior labium distinct but very small and, due to the fixation, slightly overlapping in some specimens. Median gap in second row of anterior labium large, about equal the lenght of each half of the tooth row (gap considerably smaller in P. minutus). All tooth rows approximately equal in lenght, except third row in posterior labium which is shorter. Vent opening large, triangular, midventral. Spiracle single, sinistral, laterally located, dorsally visible. Tail length about two thirds of total length (60-67%). Tail height greater than body height (tail height/body height 1.1-1.2). In lateral view, dorsal fin, ventral fin, and tail musculature about equal in height. Dorsal fin extending from midbody (at eye level) to tip of tail, with margin uniformly curved.Ventral fin extending from vent to tip of tail, with margin at anterior portion convexe, at posterior portion slightly concave. Tip of tail flagelliform. Coloration of body in preservative pale brown or grey with some light reticulations. Posterior portion of tail dark brown to black. Coloration generally much darker and more uniform than in P. minutus, without clearly defined whitish stripes on body or tail.

América do Norte

LC. Least Concern.